Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Semantic Web
Prof. Dr. Steffen StaabDipl.-Med.Inf. Bernhard Tausch
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Organizational IssuesContact:[email protected]@uni-koblenz.deSend mail to arrange for consultation
Web site: http://www.uni-koblenz.de/~staab/lehre/ss05/sw/
BSCW: http://bscw.uni-koblenz.de/bscw/bscw.cgi/0/396243
(get an invitation in the first excercise)
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
General ScheduleLectureThursdays 10.15 MK 208Fridays 10.15 MK208
ExcercisesTuesdays 14.15 MK107 Beware of earlier false announcements regarding the room
for the excercises!
Check concrete schedule on the web site for details!
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Semantic Web
What is the Semantic Web?
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Information Convergence• Convergence not just in devices, also in “information”
– Your personal information (phone, PDA,…)Calendar, photo, home page, files…
– Your “professional” life (laptop, desktop, … Grid)Web site, publications, files, databases, …
– Your “community” contexts (Web)Hobbies, blogs, fanfic, social networks…
• The Web teaches us that people will work to share– How do we CREATE, SEARCH, and BROWSE in
the non-text based parts of our lives?
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Syntax is not enough
RAFAEL
• Tel1
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Syntax is not enough – B2B
<Order><Amount>500</Amount><Item>Schekel</Item>.....
</Order>
?Steffen Staab
ISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
The Semantic Wave
(Berners-Lee, 03)
YOUARE
HERE
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Now.• RDF, RDFS and OWL are ready for prime time
– Designs are stable, implementations maturing• Major Research investment translating into
application development and commercial spinoffs– Adobe 6.0 embraces RDF– IBM releases tools, data and partnering– HP extending Jena to OWL– OWL Engines by Ontoprise GmbH, Network Inference,
Racer GmbH– Proprietary OWL ontologies for vertical markets
• c.f. pharmacology, HMO/health care, ... Soft drinks
– Several new starts in SW spaceSteffen Staab
ISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Now: huge potential• Data integration identified as $100Bs world-
wide market– with significant govt interest creating a user-pull
• Ontology development efforts, in OWL, aimed at information mgt ongoing in US govt include– NIST, NLM, EPA, DHS, DoD, DOJ, FDA, NIH, USGS, NOAA
• Huge potential follow-on market - EAI for the small business– making external data and info resources integrable
• Could do for integration what Visicalc (excel) did for report generation
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Now: Tools for tool builders
• Like the pre-MOSAIC WWW…• …but, it is much easier to get started than it was
even a year ago,– Parsers, APIs, triple-stores
• http://www.daml.org/tools• http://www.w3.org/RDF
– End to end no longer takes a “miracle”• “Building the Semantic Web in one day” (BSCW)
• End user tools just starting to emerge– “Metaphors” growing
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Tools for markup...
PhotoStuff Demo
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
M-OntoMat is publicly available http://acemedia.org/aceMedia/results/software/m-ontomat-annotizer.html
Shape erasure
Shape Color selection
Visual Descriptor selection
Draw panel
Descriptor extraction
Shape selection
VDE plug-in launch
Domain Ontology Browser Selected
region
Save Prototype Instances
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
Photo from Grecia
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
OntoWeb Community
AnnotatedWeb PagesGenerated
Content Objects
Participating Site2
{ }
Participating Siten
{ }
Participating Site1
{ }
...
OntologyBrowse & Query
Front End
ContentSyndication
Service
http://www.ontoweb.org
Semantic Web Application Portal[CRIS 2002]
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Not tied to specific domains
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Shared calendars
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Calendar + photos + …
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Social networks:e.g. Friend of a Friend (FOAF)
• Say stuff about yourself (or others) in OWL files, link to who you “know”
Estimates of the number of Foaf users range from 2M-5M
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Using FOAF in other contexts
http://trust.mindswap.org
Jennifer GolbeckSteffen Staab
ISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Coming sooner than you may think…
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
… and this…
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
…and this?
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Emerging:Semantic Web Services
Information management capabilitiesDiscovery, Filtering, Composition Steffen Staab
ISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Semantics and servicesinput xsd:complex=”oncogene”
output xsd:complex=”RiskType”
Oncogene(MYC):Found_In_Organism(Human).Gene_Has_Function(Transcriptional_Regulation).Gene_Has_Function(Gene_Transcription).In_Chromosomal_Location(8q24).Gene_Associated_With_Disease(Burkitts_Lymphoma).
<owl:Class rdf:about="http://annotation.semanticweb.org/iswc/iswc.daml#RiskIndicator"><rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction><owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://annotation.semanticweb.org/iswc/iswc.daml#name"/><owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema#string"/>
</owl:Restriction></rdfs:subClassOf>
</:Class>
OWL-S grounding (coming to WSDL 2.0)
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Get a B&N price (In Euros)
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Of a particular book
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
In its German edition?
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Later: Automated composition
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Longer term?: Adding Proof
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
The “Policy Aware Web”
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Conclusion• The Semantic Web is here
– The question isn’t if, but “how much”
• Semantic Web technologies have a promising future and an exciting potential– The business case is emerging
• Enterprise integration on the Web
• Database, image, and services as 1st class Web citizens
• Portal technology “in the small”
– The future feed is exciting • Rules and Proof -> “Policy Aware” Web
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Semantic Web
Core Building Blocks from 10,000 feet
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Why XML is not enough - SkillDB Example
<skill-database><people><Person>
<name>Markus</name><knowHow>SGML</knowHow>
</Person><Hacker>
<name>Jürgen</name><pgp>CB FC A8 17</pgp><knowHow>SGML</knowHow><knowHow>Java</knowHow>
</Hacker><Person name=”Rainer”>
<knowHow>Mike</knowHow></Person>
</people>
<seminars><Seminar topic="SGML"
id="SGML-19990808">
<attendant><name>Dieter</name><name>Robert</name><name>Rainer</name></attendant>
</Seminar></seminars></skill-database>
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Give me all persons!
XQL: //person/name
Returns only „ <name>Markus</name>“!
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Give me all persons!<skill-database><people><Person>
<name>Markus</name><knowHow>SGML</knowHow>
</Person><Hacker>
<name>Jürgen</name><pgp>CB FC A8 17</pgp><knowHow>SGML</knowHow><knowHow>Java</knowHow>
</Hacker><Person name=”Rainer”>
<knowHow>Mike</knowHow></Person>
</people>
<seminars><Seminar topic="SGML"
id="SGML-19990808">
<attendant><name>Dieter</name><name>Robert</name><name>Rainer</name></attendant>
</Seminar></seminars></skill-database>
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
What is missing?
• Hackers are persons.
• Seminar attendants are persons.
• There may be syntactic variations that aresemantically equally valid.
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Give me all people knowledgable about SGML!
XQL: //person[knowhow=SGML]/name
Returns only „ <name>Markus</name>“!
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Give me all people knowledgable about SGML!
<skill-database><people><Person>
<name>Markus</name><knowHow>SGML</knowHow>
</Person><Hacker>
<name>Jürgen</name><pgp>CB FC A8 17</pgp><knowHow>SGML</knowHow><knowHow>Java</knowHow>
</Hacker><Person name=”Rainer”>
<knowHow>Mike</knowHow></Person>
</people>
<seminars><Seminar topic="SGML"
id="SGML-19990808">
<attendant><name>Dieter</name><name>Robert</name><name>Rainer</name></attendant>
</Seminar></seminars></skill-database>
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
XML is an important basis, butnot enough
XML at the syntax layer!
Build on top!
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
(One) Layer Model of theSemantic Web
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Some Principal Ideas
• URI – uniform resource identifiers• XML – common syntax• Interlinked• Layers of semantics –
from database to knowledge base to proofs
Design principles of WWW applied to Semantics!!
Tim Berners-Lee, Weaving
the Web
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Knowledge in Linked Tables
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
Knowledge in SuperimposedGraphs
Steffen StaabISWeb – Lecture „Semantic Web“
The Semantic Web
EmployeeEmployee
PostDocPostDoc ProfessorProfessor
PersonPerson
rdfs:subClass rdfs:subClass
rdfs:subClass
cooperatesWithcooperatesWith
rdfs:Rangerdfs:DomainOntology
<swrc:Professorrdf:ID="person_sst">
<swrc:name>Steffen Staab</swrc:name>
...</swrc:Professor>
http://www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/WBS/sst
rdf:typerdf:type
Meta-data
<swrc:PostDoc rdf:ID="person_sha"><swrc:name>Siegfried Handschuh</swrc:name>
...</swrc:PostDoc>
Webpage
http://www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/WBS/shaURL
<swrc:cooperatesWith rdf:resource = "http://www.uni-koblenz.de/~staab
#person_sst"/>
swrc:cooperatesWith
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