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OracleRAC12cDatabaseonLinuxUsingVirtualBoxBySergeiRomanenkoOctober,2013ThisarticledescribestheinstallationofOracleDatabase12cRelease1(12.1.0.164bit)RAConLinux(OracleLinux6.464bit)usingVirtualBox(4.2.18).Highlightsofthisinstallationprocedure:
SmallestpossiblefootprintintermsofRAManddiskspacewithoutnoticeableperformancehitShortandfastwaytogetRACinstalledandrunning.Onlyrequiredoperationsincluded.Ifyoucanfindmoreefficientway,pleaseletmeknowBothASMLibandUdevshareddiskconfigurationsarecoveredGUImaximized,itisfriendlyforbeginners,savestimeforexperiencedveterans
ContentIntroductionSystemRequirementsDownloadSoftwareVirtualMachineSetupGuestOperatingSystemInstallationCheckInternetAccessOracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part1InstallGuestAdditionsOracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part2NetworkSetupDownloadedOracleInstallationFilesClonetheVirtualMachineCreateSharedDisksInstalltheGridInfrastructureInstalltheDatabaseSoftwareInstalltheDatabaseChecktheStatusoftheRACMakingImagesoftheRACDatabaseRestoringRACfromSavedFiles
Introduction
Bethefirstofyourfriendstolikethis
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ThisismysecondarticleonOracleRACinstalledinVirtualBox.ThefirstonewasaboutRACversion11g(../rac_installation_using_vb/article_text.html),whichdrewverypositivefeedbackfromreaders.Overlastyear,IbecameveryactiveuserofVirtualBox,thisisquitestablepieceofsoftwareandImovedmanyagingphysicalcomputersinmyhouseholdintovirtualmachines.AyearagoIbought16GBofRAMformylaptop(payingabout$100)andneverregrettedaboutthispurchase.Probablyitisevenmoreaffordablenow.GiventhistrendofgallopingRAMsize,theentrylevellaptopcomputerswith16GBarenotfarawayfromnow.InthisarticleImadeadjustmentsforOracle12candlatestVirtualBoxversions.Somestepswerestraightenedordroppedmakinginstallationof12cslightlyeasierthan11g.Yourfeedbackiswelcome,ithelpstomakethewholeproceduresimplerandfaster.
IfyouwanttogetthroughallstepsoftheOracleRACinstallationandyourlaptopordesktopcomputerhas8GBormoreofRAM(16GBisrecommended),thenthisisentirelyfeasibleusingOracleVirtualBoxasdemonstratedinthisarticle.YoucangetarunningRACsystemwhichcanhostasmalltestdatabase.Thecreatedsystemisnot,andshouldnotbeconsidered,aproductionreadysystem.It'ssimplytoallowyoutogetusedtoinstallingandusingRACandtestvariousadministrationprocedures.ThearticlealsoexplainshowtosavetheimagesandrestoreRACfromtheimagesinamatterofminutes.Evenifyoubreakyourtestsystem,itwillbeeasytorestore.
Thisarticleusesthe64bitversionsofOracleLinux,version6.4,andOracle12cRelease1,version12.1.0.1.0.UsingVirtualBoxyoucanrunmultipleVirtualMachines(VMs)onasingleserver,allowingyoutorunbothRACnodesonasinglemachine.Inaddition,itallowsyoutosetupsharedvirtualdisks.Thefinishedsystemincludestwoguestoperatingsystems,twosetsofOracleGridInfrastructure(Clusterware+ASM)andtwoDatabaseinstancesallonasingleserver.
SystemRequirements8GBofRAM44GBoffreespaceontheharddisk+stagingareaforOracleLinuxandRACdownloads,about9GBThisprocedurewastestedon64bitWindows7.ThesuccessfulinstallationwasalsoreportedonMacBookPro2011,8GBRAM,withOSX10.8.5(MountainLion)andVirtualBox4.2.18thankstoRudreshRanawhosharedthisinformation.ItshouldbenoproblemusingVirtualBoxonotherHostOSes.PleaseletmeknowifyouhadsuccessorproblemsinotherOSes
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DownloadSoftwareDownloadthefollowingsoftware.
OracleLinux(http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux)OnceintheOracleCloudservice,select"OracleLinux"and"x8664bit".Thenclickonrelease(6.4.0.0.0)anddownloadOracleLinuxRelease6Update4forx86_64(64Bit)V3708401VirtualBox(http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads)(thelatestavailableversion4.2.18wasused)OracleDatabase12cRelease1(12.1.0.1.0)(http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterpriseedition/downloads/index.html)(useLinuxx8664,then"SeeAll"link).OracleDatabase12cRelease1GridInfrastructure(12.1.0.1.0)forLinuxx8664(http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterpriseedition/downloads/index.html)(useLinuxx8664,then"SeeAll"link).
VirtualMachineSetupInthisexercise,weareusingVirtualBoxinstalledon64bitWindows7.
WemustdefinetwovirtualRACnodes.WecansavetimebydefiningoneVM,thencloningitwhenitisinstalled.
StartVirtualBoxandclickthe"New"buttononthetoolbar.Enterthename"rac1",OS"Linux"andVersion"Oracle(64bit)",andthenclickthe"Next"button:
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SetBaseMemoryto3072MB,thenclickthe"Next"button:
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Acceptthedefaultoptiontocreateanewvirtualharddiskbyclickingthe"Create"button:
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AcceptthedefaultVDItypeandclickthe"Next"buttonontheCreateVirtualHardDrivescreen:
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Acceptthedefault"Dynamicallyallocated"optionbyclickingthe"Next"button:
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Acceptthedefaultfilenameandsetsizeto"20G",thenclickthe"Create"button:
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The"rac1"VMwillappearonthelefthandpane.Clickonthe"Network"linkontherightside:
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Makesure"Adapter1"isenabled,attachedto"InternalNetwork"or"HostonlyAdapter".Thisinetrfacewillbeusedforpublicnetwork,forexample,forconnectiontotheRACdatbasefromotherapplications.Moreaboutnetworkingwillbeexplainedlater.Onthescreenshotbelow"InternalNetwork"isselectedandname"pubnet"wasgiventothisnetwork:
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Thenclickonthe"Adapter2"tab.Makesure"Adapter2"isenabledandattachto"InternalNetwork".Namethisnetwork"privnet":
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Thenfinallyclickonthe"Adapter3",enableit,andattachto"BridgedAdapter"or"NAT".Thisadapterwillbeusedforinternet.Thenpress"OK"button:
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Optionally,youcandisabletheaudiocardusing"Audio"link.Thiswillprobablysavesomeamountofspaceandavoidpotentialproblemsrelatedtoaudiosettings.Alsoifyoursystemhas4CPUcoresormore,itwillmakesensetoallocate2CPUstotheVirtualMachine.Youcandothatin"System"settings.
Thevirtualmachineisnowconfiguredsowecanstarttheguestoperatingsysteminstallation.
GuestOperatingSystemInstallationPleasenotethatduringinstallationVirtualBoxwillbekeepingthemousepointerinsideVMarea.Toexit,pressRightControlkeyonthekeyboard.
WewilluseOracleLinux6.4ISOimagedownloadedearlier.Placethe.isofileintothevirtualDVD.Select"Storage"linkontherighthandpaneoftheVirtualBoxManagerscreentoopen"Storage"screen.ThenselectDVDdriveinthe"StorageTree"section:
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In"Attributes"sectionclickontheDVDdiskiconandchooseDVD.isofile.NotethatnameofthefileshowsintheStorageTree.Thenpress'OK":
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Startthevirtualmachinebyclickingthe"Start"buttononthetoolbar.TheresultingconsolewindowwillcontaintheOracleLinuxbootscreen.Proceedwiththe"Installorupgradeanexistingsystem":
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Donotperformthemediatest.Choose"Skip"button:
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ContinuethroughtheOracleLinuxinstallationasyouwouldforanormalserver.OnnextthreescreensselectLanguage,Keyboard,andBasicStorageDevicestype.Confirmtodiscardanydata.
Note.Forthissandboxsetupweuseddomainname"localdomain".Youcanchangeit,butkeepinmindtomakesamechangethroughoutthisexercise.
Set"Hostname"torac1.localdomainandpress"ConfigureNetwork":
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IntheNetworkConnectionsscreenselect"Systemeth0"interface,whichwillbeusedforpublicnetwork,andpress"Edit":
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Makesurethat"Connectautomatically"ischecked.Select"IPv4Settings"tabchangeMethodto"Manual"Press"Add"andfillAddress:192.168.56.71Netmask:255.255.255.0Gateway:0.0.0.0.Press"Apply"thendone:
IntheNetworkConnectionsscreenselect"Systemeth1"interface,thiswillbeusedforprivatenetwork,thenpress"Edit".Thencheckthebox"Connectautomatically".Select"IPv4Settings"tabchangeMethodto"Manual".Press"Add"andfillAddress:192.168.10.1Netmask:255.255.255.0Gateway:0.0.0.0.Whendone,press"Apply":
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Finallyselect"Systemeth2"interface,thiswillbeusedforInternet,thenpress"Edit".Checkthebox"Connectautomatically".Select"IPv4Settings"tabmakesuretheMethodissetto"Automatic(DHCP)".Press"Apply"button:
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CloseNetworkConnectionsscreenandproceedtonextsetupscreen.SelecttimezoneTypeinRootPassword:oracle
Select"UseAllSpace"typeofinstallationandcheck"Reviewandmodifypartitioninglayout":
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Editsizeoflv_swapdeviceto1700MBtheneditsizeoflv_rootto18276MB.Press"Next":
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Confirmthroughwarningsandcreatepartitions.KeepdefaultsinBootloaderscreen.
Inthesoftwaretypeinstallationscreenselect"DatabaseServer"andcheck"Customizenow"button.PressNext:
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IntheCustomizationscreenselect"Databases"anduncheckallitemsselect"Desktops"andcheck"Desktop"and"GraphicalAdministrationTools"thenpressNextandfinishinstallation.Reboot.
Whenitcomesback,therewillbemoresetupscreensobvioustohandle.Don'tcreate'oracle'account,thiswillbedonelater.YoucanskipKdumpsettings.Congratulations!TheLinuxhasbeeninstalled.
Tip.WewillneedtotouseTerminalprogram(MainMenu|Applications|SystemTools|Terminal)veryoften.YoucansavetimebyaddingTerminalicontothePanelorDesktop.RightclickonTerminalmenuitemandselecteither"Addthislaunchertopanel"or"Addthislaunchertodesktop".
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CheckInternetAccessWewillneedInternetaccessbecauseadditionalpackageswillbeinstalledonline.Openterminal(Mainmenu|Applications|SystemTools|Terminal)andtrytopinganyInternetsite,forexample:
pingyahoo.com
Ifpingdoesn'twork,troubleshoottheproblemusing'ifconfig'commandandmakingchangesinNetworkConnections(LinuxdesktopMainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections).IfyoumadechangesinNetworkConnections,restartinterfacebyrebootingVMorrunningthesetwocommands:
#ifdowneth2#ifupeth2
Thencheckthepingagain.
OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part1Allactionsinthissectionmustbeperformedbytherootuser.
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Install'oraclerdbmsserver12cR1preinstall'package.ThispackageperformsprerequisitesincludingkernelparameterchangeandcreationofLinuxoracleaccount:
#yuminstalloraclerdbmsserver12cR1preinstall
Note.Probablyyouwillnotbeabletopasteandcopythiscommand.Soyouwillhavetotypeitmanually.WearegoingtofixthatshortlybyinstallingGuestAdditions.Fornowjusttypethosecommands.
AnotherNote.Whileusing'yum'sometimesIhaveseenthiserror:"Existinglock/var/run/yum.pid:anothercopyisrunningaspid523.Anotherappiscurrentlyholdingtheyumlockwaitingforittoexit...".Whenthishappened,Iwasinterruptingthiswaitwith'CtrlC'andthenkillingreportedprocess,inthisexample523:'kill523'.Afterthat,nextrunofyumwasalwaysOK.
TherearetwopreferredwaystomakeshareddrivesvisibletoASM:UdevandASMLib.Youhavetochoosebetweenthem.Thereareprosandconsofoneoranotherway,youcanfinddiscussionsonthistopicinInternet.Ifyoudon'tcareandonlyinterestedinhavingRACinstalled,chooseASMLibbecauseitiseasieranduseslessofOSresources,whichismoresuitableforthelaptopsetup.NexttwoactionsshouldbedoneifASMLibisselected.SkipthemifyoudecideonUdevway.
1.InstallASMLib:
#yuminstalloracleasm#yuminstalloracleasmsupport
2.ConfigureASMLibrunningthiscommandandansweringquestions:
#oracleasmconfigureiConfiguringtheOracleASMlibrarydriver.
ThiswillconfiguretheonbootpropertiesoftheOracleASMlibrarydriver.Thefollowingquestionswilldeterminewhetherthedriverisloadedonbootandwhatpermissionsitwillhave.Thecurrentvalueswillbeshowninbrackets('[]').Hittingwithouttypingananswerwillkeepthatcurrentvalue.CtrlCwillabort.
Defaultusertoownthedriverinterface[]:oracleDefaultgrouptoownthedriverinterface[]:oinstallStartOracleASMlibrarydriveronboot(y/n)[n]:yScanforOracleASMdisksonboot(y/n)[y]:WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:done#
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Tip.Wewillneedtoeditconfigurationfiles.Ifyouarenotfamiliarwith"vi"editororpreferGUIeditor,install"gedit":
yuminstallgedit
Forexample,toedit"/etc/hosts"file,usethiscommand:"gedit/etc/hosts".
InstallGuestAdditionsGuestAdditionsareoptional,buthighlyrecommended.GuestAdditionsallowbetterintegrationofmousesupportandclipboardbidirectionalcopying.AnotherimportantfeatureissupportofsharedfoldersmakingfilesinHostOSvisibletoGuest.TheremainingofthisdocumentassumesthatGuestAdditionsareinstalled.
InordertoinstallGuestAdditions,rebootjustcreatedVM:Menu|System|ShutDown.Loginasroot.TheninthewindowmenuselectDevices|InstallGuestAdditions.GothroughthedownloaduntilyouseeDVDAutorunscreen:
Press"OK",then"Run"tostartinstallation.
Note.Theinstallationcanfailcomplainingonmissingkerneluekdevelpackageprovidinga'yum'commandtoinstallthispackage.Runthiscommandthat'swhyweneedInternetaccess.Alsoinstallanotherpackage:'yuminstallgcc'.ThenreinstallGuestAdditionsbydoubleclickingonVBOXADDITIONSDVDicononthedesktop,andclicking"OpenAutorunPrompt"button.
ShutdownVM.InVirtualBoxManagerwindowselect"General","Advanced"tab,andmakesurethat"SharedClipboard"issetto"Bidirectional".Restartthemachine.NowyoushouldbemuchhappieraboutVirtualBox!
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OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part2CreatethedirectoryinwhichtheOraclesoftwarewillbeinstalled.
mkdirp/u01/app/12.1.0/grid_1mkdirp/u01/app/oraclechownRoracle:oinstall/u01chownoracle:oinstall/u01/app/oraclechmodR775/u01/
Addoracleaccounttovboxsfgroups.ThevboxsfgroupwascreatedbyVirtualBoxGuestAdditionsandwillalloworacleuseraccessfoldersintheHostOS:
#usermodGdba,vboxsforacle
Resetoracleuserpasswordtooracle:
#passwdoracleChangingpasswordforuseroracle.Newpassword:BADPASSWORD:itisbasedonadictionarywordBADPASSWORD:istoosimpleRetypenewpassword:passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully.#
Disablesecurelinuxbyeditingthe"/etc/selinux/config"file,makingsuretheSELINUXflagissetasfollows.
SELINUX=disabled
EitherconfigureNTP,ormakesureitisnotconfiguredsotheOracleClusterTimeSynchronizationService(ctssd)cansynchronizethetimesoftheRACnodes.InthiscasewewilldeconfigureNTP.
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#servicentpdstopShuttingdownntpd:[FAILED]#chkconfigntpdoff#mv/etc/ntp.conf/etc/ntp.conf.orig#rm/var/run/ntpd.pid
CleanupYUMrepositories:
#yumcleanall
Checkfilesystemusage,about2.8GBisused:
#dfkFilesystem1KblocksUsedAvailableUse%Mountedon/dev/mapper/vg_rac1lv_root1842048427687241471603216%/tmpfs154458410015444841%/dev/shm/dev/sda14958447832239192217%/boot#
NetworkSetupAllactionsinthissectionmustbeperformedbytherootuser.
BelowisTCPlayoutofaddressesusedinpublicandprivatenetworks.Ifyouneedtouseanotheraddresses,makecorrespondingadjustmentsandremembertostayconsistentwiththoseadjustmentsthroughouttherestofthearticle.Pleasenotethatthesubnet192.168.56.0isadefaultconfigurationusedbytheVirtualBoxasHostonlynetworkconnectingthehostOSandvirtualmachines.TheVirtualBoxisalsorunningDHCPserveronthissubnetreservingaddressrange100254.Soitissafetouseaddressesbelow100forstaticaddresses.Youcanverifythesesettingsin:Mainmenu|File|Preferences|Network,thencheckthepropertiesoftheHostonlynetwork.WeareusingthissubnetfortheRACpublicnetwork.Evenifyoudon'tneedtoconnectfromtheHostOStotheRAC,andyouusedVB"InternalNetwork"forAdapter1,youstillcanuseproposedlayoutwithoutmakingchanges.
Edit"/etc/hosts"filebyappendingthefollowinginformation:
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#Private192.168.10.1rac1priv.localdomainrac1priv192.168.10.2rac2priv.localdomainrac2priv
#Public192.168.56.71rac1.localdomainrac1192.168.56.72rac2.localdomainrac2
#Virtual192.168.56.81rac1vip.localdomainrac1vip192.168.56.82rac2vip.localdomainrac2vip
#SCAN192.168.56.91racscan.localdomainracscan192.168.56.92racscan.localdomainracscan192.168.56.93racscan.localdomainracscan
Note.TheSCANaddressshouldnotreallybedefinedinthehostsfile.InsteadisshouldbedefinedontheDNStoroundrobinbetween3addressesonthesamesubnetasthepublicIPs.Forthisinstallation,wewillcompromiseandusethehostsfile.IfyouareusingDNS,thencommentoutlineswithSCANaddresses.
WealreadysetIPaddressesofalladaptersduringLinuxunstallation.Ifyoufollowedtheinstructions,thereisnoneedtochangeanything.Butifyouneedtochangesomething,youcandosowiththeNetworkConnectionstool:LinuxdesktopMainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections.
Nowweneedtodisablethefirewall:LinuxMainmenu|System|Administration|Firewall.Clickon"Disable"icon,thenon"Apply".
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DownloadedOracleInstallationFilesTherearetwooptionstohandleOracledownloads:
DownloadortransferfilesintoVManduncompresstheminVMDownloadanduncompressintheHostOS,thenmakefoldersaccessibletoVMfilesystem
Obviouslysecondoptionismuchbetterbecauseitdoesn'tusevirtualdiskofGuestVMandwillresultinsmallerfinalimage.Alsoinstallationfilescanbeeasilyreusedinanotherinstallationexercise.InthissectionwearegoingtosetupVirtualBoxSharedFolders.
Itisassumedthatyoualreadydownloadedoracleinstallationfilesanduncompressedthemintothe"grid"and"database"folders.Inourexamplethesefoldersarein"C:\TEMP\oracle_sw"folder.
C:\TEMP\oracle_sw>dirltotal0drwx+1sromanenkoDomainUsers0Aug518:10databasedrwx+1sromanenkoDomainUsers0Aug503:08grid
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ShutdownVM.InVirtualBoxManagerclickon"SharedFolders"linkintherighthandpane.Addsharedfolderbypressing"plus"icon.Thenselectpathtothelocationoforaclesoftware,andcheckbothboxes"Readonly"and"Automount":
NoteYoucanuseanynamein"FolderName".Ifyouhaveoracleinstallationfilesatdifferentlocation,youcanoverwritethatnameto"oracle_sw".Thiswillmakeeasiertofollowstepsbelow.
Press"OK"tosavethissetting.NowSharedFoldersshouldlooklikethis:
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RestartVMandloginasoracleuser.Changedirectoryto"/media/sf_oracle_sw"thisiswhereVirtualBoxmapsHostOSsharedfolder.NotethatVirtualBoxaddedprefix"sf_"tothenameofthefolder.List'ls'contentofthefolder:
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw$lsdatabasegrid$
Note.Ifyouusedfoldernameotherthan"oracle_sw"whilecreatingsharedfolder,thenyouwillsee"/media/sf_"directory,pleasekeepthisinmindandmakecorrespondingadjustments.
Thereisonepackage'cvuqdisk'thatshouldbeinstalledbeforetheinstallation.InstallitfromtheOraclegrid/rpmdirectoryasrootuser:
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$surootPassword:#cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/grid/rpm#CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall;exportCVUQDISK_GRP#rpmUvhcvuqdisk*
ClonetheVirtualMachineShutdowntheVM.
IntheVirtualBoxManagerwindowstartclonewizard:Mainmenu|Machine|Clone.Type"rac2"forthenameofnewmachine.Makesurethat"ReinitializetheMACaddressofallnetworkcards"isnotchecked.Thenpress"Next":
Keepdefault"FullClone"optionselectedandpress"Clone":
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StartclonedVMrac2andloginasrootuser.Thenchangehostnamebyeditingfile"/etc/sysconfig/network",HOSTNAMEparameter:
HOSTNAME=rac2.localdomain
Start"NetworkConnections"tool(Mainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections).Editeth0andeth1interfacesandsetinIPv4addresses192.168.56.72and192.168.10.2correspondingly.
Rebootsystem.
NowweneedtochangeMACaddressforallthreeinterfaces.AtthemomentwehavetwoVMswiththesamesetofMACaddresses.Wecanrunonemachineoranother,butnotbothofthematthesametimebecauseMACaddressmustbeunique.Nochangeswillbemadetorac1,wewillpickupthreenewunusedaddressesandsetthemforeth0,eth1,andeth2inrac2.Theeasiestwaytodothatistochangejustlasttwocharactersoftheaddress.Wearegoingtochangethemto'00'.Ifthelasttwocharactersarealready'00',thenchangetosomethingelse,'01',forexample.Justmakesurethattheseaddressesdon'tcollidewiththeMACaddressesofrac1.Inrunningrac2node,open"NetworkConnections"andeditMACaddressinthe"Wired"tab.ThescreenshotbelowshowswheretosetMACaddress.Don'tforgettochangeMACaddressesforallthreeinterfaces.PleasenotethatyoursetupwillhaveadifferentsetofMACaddressesbecausetheyarerandomgeneratedbyVirtualBox.
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WritedownthenewMACaddressesforallthreeinterfaces.Savenewsettingspressing"Apply"button,thenshutdownthemachine.Aftershutdown,returntotheVirtualBoxManager,selectrac2VMandedit"Network"settings.MakesamechangestotheMACaddresses.Don'tforgettochangeMACaddressesforallthreeadapters.
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Startbothmachinesandcheckthattheycanpingeachotherusingbothpublicandprivatenetwork.Forexample,onrac1:
$pingrac2$pingrac2priv
Ifyouhaveproblems,use'ifconfig'commandtochecktheconfiguration,thencorrecttheproblemusing"NetworkConnections"tool.
CreateSharedDisksShutdownbothvirtualmachines.Weneedtocreateanewvirtualdisk,changeitsattributetoShareableandaddtobothVMs.InthecurrentversionofVirtualBox,theonlywaytocreateanewdiskintheGUIisthroughthe"Storage"pageinthevirtualmachine'ssettings.Selecteitherrac1orrac2
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VM,thenclickon"Storage"link.Select"SATAController"andclickon"AddHardDisk"icon.Ifnotsure,whichicontouse,sameactionisavailablethroughthepopupmenu,rightclickonthe"SATAController"andselect"AddHardDisk".
Press"Createnewdisk":
AcceptthedefaultVDItypeandclickthe"Next"buttonontheVirtualDiskCreationWizardwelcomescreen:
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Select"Fixedsize"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
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Changethenameandlocationofthisdisk.YoucankeepthisfileinthedefaultlocationthefolderofaselectedVM.Although,becausethisdiskisshared,itwillbebettertoputitintheparentdirectory.So,insteadof"...\VirtualBoxVMs\rac1"directory,placeitin"...\VirtualBoxVMs".Setthesizeto"4GB".Ifyouwillneedmorespace,youcanchoosethebiggersize.And,regardlessofwhatyoudecidenow,itwillbepossibletoaddmoreshareddiskstotheASMgroupaftereverythingisinstalled.
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CreatethenewdiskandthisdiskwillbealreadyattachedtoVM.
Selectthisnewdisk.YouwillseeinthediskInformationthatthetypeofthisdiskis"Normal".Weneedtochangethisto"Shareable".Therewasnooptioninthepreviousdialogwindowstocreatenewdiskas"Shareable".PressOKandclosestoragesettings.IntheVirtualBoxManageropenVirtualMediaManager:(Mainmenu|File|VirtualMediaManager).SelectthisnewdiskintheVirtualMediaManager:
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Clickon"Modify"iconandselect"Shareable":
AttachthisexistingdisktotheotherVMusing"Storage"page.Don'tforgettoselectcorrectcontrollerbeforeattachingthediskanduse"Chooseexistingdisk"option.
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Intheendthe"Storage"sectionofbothVMsshouldbelookinglikethis:
Starteitherofthemachinesandloginasroot.Thecurrentdiskscanbeseenbyissuingthefollowingcommands.
#ls/dev/sd*/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb#
Usethe"fdisk"commandtopartitionthenewdisk"sdb".
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#fdisk/dev/sdbDevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabelBuildinganewDOSdisklabelwithdiskidentifier0xd724aa83.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,thepreviouscontentwon'tberecoverable.
Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)
WARNING:DOScompatiblemodeisdeprecated.It'sstronglyrecommendedtoswitchoffthemode(command'c')andchangedisplayunitstosectors(command'u').
Command(mforhelp):nCommandactioneextendedpprimarypartition(14)pPartitionnumber(14):1Firstcylinder(1391,default1):Usingdefaultvalue1Lastcylinder,+cylindersor+size{K,M,G}(1391,default391):Usingdefaultvalue391
Command(mforhelp):wThepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl()torereadpartitiontable.Syncingdisks.#
Thesequenceofanswersis"n","p","1","Return","Return"and"w".
Oncethenewdiskispartitioned,theresultcanbeseenbyrepeatingtheprevious"ls"command.
#ls/dev/sd*/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb/dev/sdb1#
IfyoudecidedearlieronASMLibwayofexposingshareddiskstoASMthendo"CreateASMLibDisk"section,otherwisedo"UdevConfiguration"below.
CreateASMLibDiskMarkthenewshareddiskintheASMLibasfollows.
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#oracleasmcreatediskDISK1/dev/sdb1Writingdiskheader:doneInstantiatingdisk:done#
Runthe"scandisks"commandtorefreshtheASMLibdiskconfiguration.
#oracleasmscandisksReloadingdiskpartitions:doneCleaninganystaleASMdisks...ScanningsystemforASMdisks...#
WecanseethediskisnowvisibletoASMusingthe"listdisks"command.
#oracleasmlistdisksDISK1#
StartanotherVMandloginasroot.CheckthattheshareddiskisvisibletoASMusingthe"listdisks"command.
#oracleasmlistdisksDISK1#
Thevirtualmachinesandshareddisksarenowconfiguredforthegridinfrastructure!Optionally,youcansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.Pleaseskipthenextsection"UdevConfiguration".
UdevConfigurationThisconfigurationneedstobedoneonbothnodes,youcandoitstepbystepinparallelonbothnodes.
Open"/etc/scsi_id.config"file(forexample,"gedit/etc/scsi_id.config",ifthefiledoen'texist,itwillbecreated)andaddthisline:
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options=g
Execute"scsi_id"filecommandfortheshareddisk.
#/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/sdb1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb6f0fac5f473897a
YouwillhavedifferentSCSIIDoutput.Thisidwillbeusedinudevrulesfile.Edit"/etc/udev/rules.d/99oracleasmdevices.rules"fileandaddfollowingentryasoneline.MakesureyouuseSCSIIDfromthepreviouscommand.
KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/$parent",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb6f0fac5f473897a",NAME="asmdisk1",OWNER="oracle",GROUP="dba",MODE="0660"
RestartVM,loginasoracleandcheckthatshareddiskcanbeexposedtoASM:
$lsal/dev/asm*brwrw1oracledba8,17Oct613:31/dev/asmdisk1
Thevirtualmachinesandshareddisksarenowconfiguredforthegridinfrastructure!Optionally,youcansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
InstalltheGridInfrastructureMakesurethe"rac1"and"rac2"virtualmachinesarestarted,thenloginto"rac1"asoracleuser(bettertoavoidusing"su"command,Ihadproblems)andstarttheOracleinstaller.
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/grid$./runInstaller
Select"Skipsoftwareupdates"option,press"Next":
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Selectthe"InstallandConfigureGridInfrastructureforaCluster"option,thenpressthe"Next"button.
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Selectthe"ConfigueaStandardcluster"option,thenclickthe"Next"button.
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Selectthe"AdvancedInstallation"option,thenclickthe"Next"button.
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SelectLanguageandgotothenextscreen.Onthe"GridPlugandPlayinformation"screen,changeClusterNameto"raccluster"andSCANNameto"racscan.localdomain",uncheck"ConfigureGNS"box,thenpressthe"Next"button.
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Onthe"ClusterNodeConfiguration"screen,clickthe"Add"button.
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Enterthedetailsofthesecondnodeinthecluster,thenclickthe"OK"button.
Clickthe"SSHConnectivity..."buttonandenterthepasswordforthe"oracle"user.Clickthe"Setup"buttontoconfigureSSHconnectivity,andthe"Test"buttontotestitonceitiscomplete.Thenpress"Next".
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Onthe"SpecifyNetworkInterfaceUsage"screencheckthePublicandPrivatenetworksarespecifiedcorrectly.Pressthe"Next"button.
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Onthe"GridInfrastructureManagementRepositoryOption"screencheck"No"andpressthe"Next"button.Confirmthisdecisiononthenextscreen.
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Onthe"StorageOptionInformation"screenkeepOracleASMoptionselectedandpress"Next".
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Onthe"CreateASMDiskGroup"screenclickon"ChangeDiscoveryPath"button:
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IfusearlierusedASMLibconfiguration,thenenter"/dev/oracleasm/disks"(showninthescreenshotbelow).IfyouusedUdevconfiguration,thenenter"/dev/asm*".Press"OK":
Keep"DiskGroupName"unchanged.Select"External"redundancyoption.Check"/dev/oracleasm/disks/DISK1"or"/dev/asmdisk1"inthe"AddDisks"section.Whendone,press"Next".
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Onthe"SpecifyASMPassword"screenselect"Usesamepasswordsfortheseaccounts"optionandtypein"oracle"password,thenpress"Next".Ignorewarningsaboutpasswordweakness.
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Keepdefaultsonthe"FailureIsolationSupport"andpress"Next".
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Keepdefaultsonthe"PrivilegedOperatingSystemGroups"andpress"Next".Ignorewarningonthenextscreen.
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KeepsuggestedOraclebaseunchanged,andadjustSoftwarelocationonthe"SpecifyInstallationLocation"andpress"Next".
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Keepsuggestedpathunchangedonthe"CreateInventory"andpress"Next".
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Inthe"Rootscriptexecutionconfiguration"select"Automaticallyrunconfigurationscripts"andcheck"Userootoption",thentypepasswordoracle.Press"Next".
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Theresultsofprerequisitechecksareshownonthenextscreen.Youshouldseethreewarningsandonefailure.ThefailurewascausedbyinabilitytolookupSCANinDNSandthatshouldbeexpected.Check"IgnoreAll"boxandpress"Next".
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Press"Install"ontheSummaryscreen.
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Waitwhileinstallationtakesplace...Whenaskedtoconfirmrootscriptsexecution,answerYes.The"rootscript"stepwasthelongestone,sobepatient!
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WeexpecttheverificationphasetofailwitherrorsrelatedtolowHostRAM,SwapFilesizes,groupmismatchforDISK1,and"udevinformation".Theseerrorscanbeignored.Youcancheckerrorsopeninglogfile.Forexample,forthelogfileshownbelow"gedit/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions20130930_102544PM.log",thensearchfor"Error".
Hereistheexampleofoffendinglinesfromthelogfileforrac1node:
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INFO:INFO:ErrorMessage:PRVF7530:Sufficientphysicalmemoryisnotavailableonnode"rac1"[Requiredphysicalmemory=4GB(4194304.0KB)]INFO:INFO:Cause:Amountofphysicalmemory(RAM)founddoesnotmeetminimummemoryrequirements.INFO:INFO:Action:Addphysicalmemory(RAM)tothenodespecified.
...
INFO:INFO:ErrorMessage:PRVF7573:Sufficientswapsizeisnotavailableonnode"rac1"[Required=2.9462GB(3089292.0KB);Found=1.6602GB(1740796.0KB)]INFO:INFO:Cause:Theswapsizefounddoesnotmeettheminimumrequirement.INFO:INFO:Action:Increaseswapsizetoatleastmeettheminimumswapspacerequirement.
...
INFO:INFO:ERROR:[Result.addErrorDescription:618]PRVF9992:Groupofdevice"/dev/oracleasm/disks/DISK1"didnotmatchtheexpectedgroup.[Expected="dba";Found="oinstall"]onnodes:[rac1,rac2]
...
oracleINFO:INFO:ERROR:[Result.addErrorDescription:607]PRVF9802:Attempttogetudevinformationfromnode"rac1"failedINFO:NoUDEVrulefoundfordevice(s)specifiedINFO:
Providedthesearetheonlyerrors,itissafetoignorethemandcontinuebyclickingthe"Next"button.ClosetheConfigurationAssistantonthenextscreen.
Checkthestatusofrunningclusterware.Onrac1asrootuser:
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#.oraenvORACLE_SID=[oracle]?+ASM1TheOraclebasehasbeensetto/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstatusresourcetNameTargetStateServerStatedetailsLocalResourcesora.DATA.dgONLINEONLINErac1STABLEONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.LISTENER.lsnrONLINEONLINErac1STABLEONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.asmONLINEONLINErac1Started,STABLEONLINEONLINErac2Started,STABLEora.net1.networkONLINEONLINErac1STABLEONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.onsONLINEONLINErac1STABLEONLINEONLINErac2STABLEClusterResourcesora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr1ONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLEora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLEora.cvu1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLEora.oc4j1OFFLINEOFFLINESTABLEora.rac1.vip1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLEora.rac2.vip1ONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.scan1.vip1ONLINEONLINErac2STABLEora.scan2.vip1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLEora.scan3.vip1ONLINEONLINErac1STABLE
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#
Youshouldseevariousclusterwarecomponentsrunningonbothnodes.Iftherewereseriousproblemsduringinstallation,thecomponentsofclusterwarewouldn'tstart.Alsoyoucancheckclusterwarealertfile"gedit/u01/app/12.1.0/grid_1/log/rac1/alertrac1.log"(onrac1node,makeadjustmentsforrac2).
Thegridinfrastructureinstallationisnowcomplete!Optionally,youcansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
Checkfilesystemusage,about8.6GBareused:
$dfkFilesystem1KblocksUsedAvailableUse%Mountedon/dev/mapper/vg_rac1lv_root184204848691564879319250%/tmpfs154458464974089484443%/dev/shm/dev/sda14958447832239192217%/boot$
InstalltheDatabaseSoftwareMakesurethe"rac1"and"rac2"virtualmachinesarestarted,thenloginto"rac1"orswitchtheusertooracleandstarttheOracleinstaller.
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/database$./runInstaller
Uncheckthe"Iwishtoreceivesecurityupdates..."checkboxandpressthe"Next"button:
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Check"Skipsoftwareupdates"checkboxandpressthe"Next"button:
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Check"Installdatabasesoftwareonly"optionandpress"Next"button:
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Select"OracleRealApplicationClusterdatabaseinstallation"andthenpress"Next"button.
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Makesurebothnodesareselected.Presson"SSHConnectivity"enter"oracle"passwordandthenpress"Setup"button.AftertheSSHconnectivitysetupisfinished,press"Test"buttontotestit.ThenpressNextbutton.
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SelectLanguageonnextscreenandpressthe"Next"button.
Accept"EnterpriseEdition"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
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Acceptdefaultinstallationlocationsandpressthe"Next"button:
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Acceptdefaultgroupsin"PrivilegedOperationSystemgroups"andpressthe"Next"button:
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Waitfortheprerequisitechecktocomplete.Ifthereareanyproblems,eitherfixthem,orcheckthe"IgnoreAll"checkbox.Onthescreenshotbelow3warningsareshownwhicharesafetoignore.Clickthe"Next"button.
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Ifyouarehappywiththesummaryinformation,clickthe"Install"button.
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Waitwhiletheinstallationtakesplace.
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Executerootscriptswhenpromptedonbothnodes.
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#/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.shPerformingrootuseroperationforOracle12c
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:ORACLE_OWNER=oracleORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:Thecontentsof"dbhome"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.Thecontentsof"oraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.Thecontentsof"coraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededbyDatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreatedFinishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.Nowproductspecificrootactionswillbeperformed.#
Press"Close"buttonandtheOracleDBsoftwareisnowinstalled!Optionally,youcansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
InstalltheDatabaseStartdbcaDBConfigurationAssistant:
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$cd/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin$./dbca
Accept"CreateDatabase"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
Check"Createadatabasewithdefaultconfiguration"typein"GlobalDtabaseName"thedesirednamewehaveselectedAL32UTF8characterset,makeyourchoiceasneededalsosupplyapasswordforSYS.Wearegoingtocreateareqular(pre12ctype)database,the"CreateAsContainerDatabaseisunchecked.PressNextbutton:
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Waitfortheprerequisitechecktocomplete.Theonlyreportedproblemwasallfamilar"SwapSize".Check"IgnoreAll"checkboxandclickthe"Next"button.
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Press"Finish"buttonintheSummaryscreen:
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Clickthe"Close"buttontoexittheinstaller.
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TheRACdatabasecreationisnowcomplete!
ChecktheStatusoftheRACThereareseveralwaystocheckthestatusoftheRAC.The srvctl utilityshowsthecurrentconfigurationandstatusoftheRACdatabase.
$.oraenvORACLE_SID=[oracle]?racdbTheOraclebasehasbeensetto/u01/app/oracle
$srvctlconfigdatabasedracdbDatabaseuniquename:racdbDatabasename:racdbOraclehome:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1Oracleuser:oracleSpfile:+DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.oraPasswordfile:+DATA/racdb/orapwracdbDomain:localdomainStartoptions:openStopoptions:immediateDatabaserole:PRIMARYManagementpolicy:AUTOMATICServerpools:racdbDatabaseinstances:racdb1,racdb2DiskGroups:DATAMountpointpaths:Services:Type:RACStartconcurrency:Stopconcurrency:Databaseisadministratormanaged
$srvctlstatusdatabasedracdbInstanceracdb1isrunningonnoderac1Instanceracdb2isrunningonnoderac2$
The V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES viewcanalsodisplaythecurrentstatusoftheinstances.
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$exportORACLE_SID=racdb1[oracle@rac1Desktop]$sqlplus/assysdbaSELECTinst_nameFROMv$active_instances;
INST_NAMErac1.localdomain:racdb1rac2.localdomain:racdb2
exit$
MakingImagesoftheRACDatabaseAtanypointearlierwecouldsavetheimageofcreatedvirtualmachineandthenrestoreitatwill.HerewearegoingtosaveimagesofthenewlycreatedOracleRACsystemwhichwecanrestoreinthesamesystemorevenhandovertoanotherlocationandrestoreinamatteroffewminutes!
IfallyouneedissavingandrestoringimagesinthesameVirtualBoxsetup,youcanuseSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
TheexportofVMisastraightforwardprocessandsavingRACimageswouldbeaneasytaskifnotdealingwiththeshareddisk.Inmyviewthesimplestwaytohandlethatisbydetachingshareddiskfrombothnodesandtakingcareofthesethreeparts(twoselfcontainedVMsandoneShareddisk)separately.Intheendtherewillbethreefiles:twofilesforVMsandafilerepresentingtheshareddisk.Thesethreefilescanbefurtherzippedbyyourfavoritearchiverintoonefilewhichcanbeusedforstorageortransfer.Afterexportisdone,theshareddiskcanbeeasilyattachedbacktothenodes.SameistruefortheimportofVMsbackintoVirtualBoxalongwiththecopyofshareddisktheshareddiskisattachedtotheimportedVMsasanextrastep.Let'sperformalltheseactions.
CleanShutdownofRACButfirst,weneedtoshutdownserversinniceandcleanmannerbecausewewantsavetheminarobuststate.Shutdownthedatabase.Asoracleuserexecuteonanynode:
$.oraenvORACLE_SID=[oracle]?racdbTheOraclebasehasbeensetto/u01/app/oracle
$srvctlstopdatabasedracdb$
Shutdowntheclusterwareonthefirstnode.Asrootuserexecute:
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#.oraenvORACLE_SID=[racdb1]?+ASM1TheOraclebaseremainsunchangedwithvalue/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstopcrs...CRS4133:OracleHighAvailabilityServiceshasbeenstopped.#
Shutdowntheclusterwareonthesecondnode.Asrootuserexecute:
#.oraenvORACLE_SID=[racdb1]?+ASM2TheOraclebaseremainsunchangedwithvalue/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstopcrs...CRS4133:OracleHighAvailabilityServiceshasbeenstopped.#
Shutdownbothvirtualmachines.WaituntilallVMwindowsareclosed.
DetachSharedDiskandMakeaCopyOfItIntheVirtualBoxManageropenVirtualMediaManager:Mainmenu|File|VirtualMediaManager.ThenselectthediskusedbytheRAC(rac_shared_disk1.vdi).Notethatthisdiskshowsasattachedtorac1andrac2VMs:
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Clickon"Release"iconandthenconfirminthepopupwindow.Notethatthisdisknowshowsas"Notattached".Clickon"Copy"tostartDiskCopyingWizard.
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AcceptVirtualdisktocopyandpress"Next".
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AcceptVirtualdiskfiletypeasVDIandpress"Next".
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Select"Fixedsize"andpress"Next".
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Onthenextscreenyoucansetlocationandnameofthenewfile.Whendone,press"Next".
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OntheSummaryscreenreviewdetailsandpress"Copy"tocompletecopying.ClosetheMediaManagerwhencopyingisdone.Note.Donottrytocopy.vdifilebecausethecopywillretainsamediskUIDandVirtualBoxwillrefusetouseitbecausethereisalreadysuchdisk.WhencopyingtroughtheVirtualMediaManager,thenewUIDisassignedautomatically.
ExportVMsIntheVirtualBoxManagerselectVM,thencallApplianceExportWizard:Mainmenu|File|ExportAppliance.Exportingisgenerallyassimpleassavingafile.ExportbothVMs.
Nowyoushouldhave3filesthatcanbefurtherzippedintoasinglefilewiththesizeabout12GB.
ReattachSharedDisktotheOriginalRACSetupFixourcurrentworkingRACsetupbyreattachingshareddisktorac1andrac2VMusing"Storage"page.Don'tforgettoselectcorrectcontrollerbeforeattachingthedisk:
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Press"AddHardDisk"iconanduse"ChooseExistingDisk"toattach rac_shared_disk1.vdi .OnceShareddiskisattachedtobothVMs,theRACisreadytorun.
RestoringRACfromSavedFilesInthissectionwewillimportRACfromthesavedfilescreatingasecondRACsystem.Don'trunbothRACatthesametimebecausetheywillhavesamenetworkattributes.
OpenApplianceImportWizard:Mainmenu|File|ImportAppliance.Choosethefileandpress"Next":
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OntheApplianceImportSettingsdifferentattributesofnewVMcanbechanged.Wearegoingtoacceptsettingsunchanged.Itisinterestingtonote,thatdisksaregoingtobeimportedinVMDKformatdifferentfromtheoriginalVDIformat.
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WaituntiltheVMisimported:
ImportbothVMsandcopySharedDisk rac_shared_disk1_copy.vdi fileintotheparentdirectory(VirtualVMs).Thisdiskcouldbeattachedtobothmachines,butunfortunatelycurrentversion(4.1.18)ofVirtualBoxdoesn'tpreservetypeofthediskthenmakingacopy.AttachthisdisktotheeitherofimportedVM,thenselectitandreviewdiskinformation:
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IntheVirtualBox4.1.18,thecopieddiskhas"Normal"type.Ifyouhaveanewerversionandthetypeis"Shareable"thenthisbughasbeenfixed,andyoucanproceedtoanotherVM.Ifnot,deattachthedisk,thengototheVirtualMediaManagerandchangethedisktypeto"Shareable"ashasbeendescribedabove,thenreturntotheVirtualmachinesandattachedtheShareddisk.
StartnewVMs.Theclusterwareshouldstartautomatically.Youwillneedtobringupthedatabase.Loginastheoracleuserandexecute:
$.oraenvORACLE_SID=[oracle]?racdbTheOraclebasehasbeensetto/u01/app/oracle
$srvctlstartdatabasedracdb$
TheRACshouldbewellandrunning!
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SimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImagesThisisnotasupportedwaytosave/restoreimagesinVirtualBox,butitisverysimpleandworkedwell.TherestoreislimitedtotheVirtualBoxsetupwhereimagesweresaved.
StopbothVMs.FindthelocationwhereVBstoresimages:Mainmenu|File|Preferences|General,"DefaultMachineFolder"box.Forexample:"C:\Users\sromanenko\VirtualBoxVMs".Gotothisfolderandlocate"rac1","rac2"directoriesand"rac_shared_disk1.vdi"file.Makea.zipor.rarfilecontainingthesethreeitems.Ifyoudon'thavecompressingtoolsandthereisenoughdiskspace,youcancopythesethreeitemstoanotherlocation.Theimagesaresaved!
Inordertorestoretheseimages:
MakesureVMsarestoppedGotothe"VirtualBoxVMs"folderanddelete"rac1","rac2"directories,and"rac_shared_disk1.vdi"fileRestorethesethreeitemsfromthe.zipfileorcopyfromthelocationwheretheseitemsweresaved
TherestoredVMsarereadytorun.
That'sit!Pleasesendyourfeedbackto:
BacktotheTop.
CommentsCliffordMathewsays:January1,2014at20:24,GMT
Thankyoufortheinstructions.
DuringtheGRIDinstallation,IencounterederrorPRVF7617on"SettingUpGridInfrastructureStep8of19".Essentially,themulticasttestswerefailing.Toidentifyand"workaround"(seeCAUTIONbelow)thiserror,thefollowingstepsweretaken:
1.Executedthe"runcluvfy"commandasshownbelowfromtheshellprompt.Thiscommandfileislocatedinthesamedirectoryasthe"runInstaller".
./runcluvfy.shstageprecrsinstnrac1,rac2verbose
2.Turnedofftheipv4firewallusingthefollowingcommandsonbothRACnodes(rac1andrac2)serviceiptablesstopchkconfigiptablesoff
3.RestartbothVMs,andreexecuteStep1abovetomakesureerrorsareallclearedup
4.ContinuewithGRIDinstallasisdocumentedinthisblog.
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CAUTION:ByshuttingdowntheFirewallasIdid,Imadethesystemvulnerablefromasecuritystandpoint.Apropersolutionshouldinvolveconfiguringthe"iptables"correctlytoallowwhatOraclewants.AtthispointIdon'thavethestepstodothis"proper"solution.
Notes:======IfanyonewishestodisableIPV6,thestepsbelowworkedforme.IPV6wasNOTthecausefortheaboveissuessothisisnotarequiredstep.
vi/etc/hosts#andcommentoutreferencestoanyipv6addressesbuplacinga"#"characterinfront,andsave
vi/etc/sysconfig/network#andaddthelinesgivenbelow,andsaveNETWORKING_IPV6=noIPV6INIT=no
vi/etc/modprobe.conf#andaddthelinegivenbelow,andsave(thisfilewasnotpresent,soIcreateditbysaving)installipv6/bin/true
chkconfigip6tablesoff
Restartthemachines
SergeiRomanenkosays:January1,2014at23:52,GMT
Thankyouforthecomment.Letmeaskifyoualreadydisabledfirewall(asdescribedin"NetworkSetup"section)beforegettingPRVF7617error?
CliffordMathewsays:January2,2014at00:26,GMT
AsecondcluvfyfailureoccurredattheendofGRIDinstall(runningfromserverrac1).ThishadtodowithSCANaddressesandnslookup.ToresolvethisIinstalledBINDononeoftheservers(rac1)usinginstructionstheURLbelow:
http://www.oraclebase.com/articles/linux/dnsconfigurationforscan.php(ThispagereferstoaGUIDNSeditorIcouldnotfindthatpackage,sothatwasnotinstalled.AllrequiredDNSfileswerecreatedwhen"servicenamedstart"commandwasissued.Afterstarting"named",Ifollowedtheinstructionsandedited(orcreatedtheadditional)filesmentionedinthatarticle.Ionlyaddedthe3SCANaddressesandlocalhostintheDNSdatabase.These3SCANaddresseswerethenremovedfrom/etc/hostsbycommentingthemout.Didafinal"servicenamedrestart",thentried"nslookupracscan.localdomain"whichresolved
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thenameto3IPaddresses.
Afterthisclicked"Retry"buttontheinstallerwindow,anditsucceeded.
CliffordMathewsays:January2,2014at00:29,GMT
HelloSergei,Imighthavemissedthe"disablefirewall".Sorry.
SergeiRomanenkosays:January2,2014at02:02,GMT
Noproblem.Itisgoodyoumentionedthatdisablingfirewallisnotabestthinginanyrealworldsystem.
JohnHongsays:January1,2014at21:47,GMT
Hi,forthosepeoplewhoishavingthisissuepleaseseethelink
TOinstallguessadditionerrorinthelogthatunabletofindthesourceofyourkernel...."runkernelupdatereferthislinkhttp://oraclelabspace.blogspot.com/2012/06/settingupguestadditionsinoracle.html
SergeiRomanenkosays:January2,2014at02:09,GMT
Yes,VirtualBoxguestadditioncanbetrickyandprobablyversiondependent.So,youcommentshouldbehelpful.Thanks!
Pragneshsays:January9,2014at17:22,GMT
Hi,
Nicedocument.IinstalledVMRAC2nodeandthenIwantedtoaddanode.WhenIclonethemachineandrunclufyaftersuccessfullyinstallingtheGRIDsoftware,RAC3isnotshowingaspartoftheRACclusetr.DidImissanything?Istillwentaheadandinstalledthedatabasesoftwaresuccessfully.ThenwhenIrantheDBCAfromRAC1tocreateinstanceonRAC3,afterenteringtheSYSusernameandpasswordIgoterrormessage:serviceRAC1vip:1521:RAC1isnotavailable.Checkyourusername,passwordandmakesurethelistenerisupandavailable"Idon'tunderstandthiserror.Thescanandtheregularlistenerareupandrunning.DidIdoanythingwrong?Pleasehelp.
AkashShandilyasays:January15,2014at20:31,GMT
GreatDocument!
Justanote:Igotanotherfailedprerequisite.
PRVE0426:Thesizeofinmemoryfilesystemmountedas/dev/shmis"____"megabytes
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whichislessthantherequiredsizeof"2048"megabytesonnoderac1,rac2
Justincaseyougetthiserror,modifythesizeoftmpfsusingthefollowingsteps:
#vi/etc/fstab
Modifythetmpfslinetolooksomethinglike:tmpfs/dev/shmtmpfssize=3g00
savethefileandquit
remounttmpfs:mountoremounttmpfs
checkchanges:dfh
Runprerequisitechecksagain.Solved.
Enjoy!
Costisays:January25,2014at08:36,GMT
Hi.Ifollowedyourtutorial,stepbystepandeverytimeIhavedifferentspaceavai.ForexamplenowIhavealmostfree6GB,thereforeIwillhaveanerrorwheninstallingtheOracleDB.Doyouknowwhy?Isitpossibletobeincreased,otherwiseIwillhavetotakeitagainallover.Thankyou
SergeiRomanenkosays:January25,2014at19:37,GMT
Requireddiskspacecanfluctuateandeachnewinstallationcanbedifferent,Ididn'tkeepexactnumbers,butitwasnotverybig.ThiscanbedependentonmanythingsincludingLinuxversion,whichkeepschanging,yumonlinerepositorywhichalsogetsbiggerovertimeandyourVMwillcacheit.Bytheway,don'tforgettoreleaseyumrepositorywhenyoudon'tneeditanymore:'yumcleanall'.
Ithinkitispossibletoresize.VDIdiskusing'VBoxmanagemodifyhd'commandandthenmodifyingLinuxpartitionsby'GParted'butInevertriedthat.YoucansearchInternetfordetailsonthat.
Prakashsays:June10,2014at15:53,GMT
In"InstallGuestAdditions",SometimeGuestAdditionFailstoInstall.ItwillbesafetoExecutebelowTwoCommandsFollowedby"Reboot"forSmoothadditionofSharedFolder.
$yuminstallkernel*dkmsgcc
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$yuminstallkerneluekdevel
ThisWillEnsureyour"GuestAdditions"installationalwaysSucceeds.
SergeiRomanenko(http://kab128.com)says:June10,2014at16:15,GMT
Prakash,Thankyouforyourcomment.VirtualBoxGuestAdditionisabittricky,soyourhintshouldhelp.
Jimsays:June29,2014at01:14,GMT
Isuccessfullycreateatwonoderac12cusingoraclevirtualbox(nodeol6121rac1,ol6121rac2)systemworksfine.
NowIwanttocreateathirdnode.Itriedusingvboxtocloneanewserverol6121rac3.itclonedokandIresettheipaddressforthenewnode,.etc.
Sincethenode1andnode1areusingGridInfrastutueandASM,mynode3clonehaswhatnodeonehadinstall.HOwdoIchangenode3tobeadded.ItalreadyhastheGRIDHomeandORACLEHOME...
Billsays:July4,2014at11:14,GMT
Great.Icreaterac1andrac2.Howdoyouaddathirdnode.
Thanks
SergeiRomanenko(http://lab128.com)says:July6,2014at02:44,GMT
Jim,Bill:AlthoughIdidn'ttrythat,Iwoulddothesesteps:removeonenode,sayrac1,fromtheclusterclonerac1torac3,doingallneededchanges(MACaddresses,hostname,IPaddressesetc)describedinthearticleaddtwonewnodes(rac1,rac3)tothecluster.RemovingandaddingnodesisastandardprocedurecoveredinOracledocumentation,alsoavailableonmanywebsites.
Billsays:July6,2014at22:19,GMT
Iwasabletocreate/addathirdnoderac3toyoursetupabove.Willsendthedocs.
Thanks
AnibalLopezsays:August15,2014at09:16,GMT
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HiSergei,
TheshareddrivesarenotmountedontheLinuxenvironment.Isthereawaytocheckthis?
Doweneedtodothemountofthesharedstoragemanually?
Thx,
Anibal
SergeiRomanenko(http://www.lab128.com)says:August15,2014at17:54,GMT
No.Checkthatshareddriveisaddedandaccessible:#ls/dev/sd*
Theoutputshouldbesimilartothis:/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb/dev/sdb1
AnibalLopezsays:August15,2014at19:31,GMT
HiSergei,
TheotherproblemistheSharedFolder.Ihaveaddedthedirectoryetc.Whendoing:[root@rac1media]lslthereisnotoracle_sw.
YouknowifIcancheckthistoo?
Thx,
Anibal
SergeiRomanenko(http://www.lab128.com)says:August15,2014at20:36,GMT
InVirtualBoxManager,selectVMandthenopenSharedFolders.Checkthat"oracle_sw"isinthere.Ifnot,seethedocumentandaddit.YoumayneedtorestarttheVMifyoumadechanges.
Thenin"/media"youshouldseesf_oracle_swfolder.NotethatVBadds"sf_"prefix.
AnibalLopezsays:August16,2014at13:20,GMT
HiSergei,
Ihavedonethisbutwithoutsuccess.
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Isthereanywaytocheckwhy?
Isthereamissingoptionhere?
Thx,
Anibal
SergeiRomanenko(http://www.lab128.com)says:August16,2014at14:58,GMT
ThisfunctionalityisprovidedbyVBGuestAdditions.TrytoreinstallGuestAdditions.Ifthatdoesn'thelp,youshouldlookforhelponVirtualBoxforums.
AnibalLopezsays:August17,2014at10:32,GMT
HiSergie,
Havethingsworkingtilltheinstallofthedatabasesoftware.Igottheerror:notenoughspace.
IhaveresizedthiswiththeVBoxManagerfromwithintheWindows8OS.
IhavealsohavetodoadiskresizingintheLinuxenvironmentwhenstartinguptheracvm's.
Doyoumayhaveanyadviceorhintonthis?
Thx,
Anibal
Davidsays:August18,2014at05:01,GMT
Iamabeginner.Ifollowallyourstepsandfinishinstallwithnoproblem,thankyou.Itrytoaddanode,butIcan'tfindaddNode.shin$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/.CouldyoutellmehowtorunaddNode.sh,appreciate.
SergeiRomanenko(http://www.lab128.com)says:August18,2014at17:49,GMT
Onthefirstnode:
[oracle@rac1~]$.oraenvORACLE_SID=[grid]?+ASM1
[oracle@rac1~]$echo$ORACLE_HOME/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
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[oracle@rac1~]$ls$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/addNode.sh/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oui/bin/addNode.sh
says:September19,2014at17:49,GMT
HiSergei,Greatdocumentandnicedetailedsteps,thankyouverymuchforyoureffort:)IwasabletodotheinstallIdidruninafewissues,butnothingthatpatienceandgooglesearchcouldnotsolve.
Thankyou,Florin
says:September28,2014at12:59,GMT
Hi,
Thanksforsharing.Thisisgold!Justwanttosharesomeexperiencewhilesettingup12.1.2insteadof12.1.1.
1.Youneedalargerstorageforbothshareddiskandracvmsorelseyouwillrunintoissueswheninstallingthedatabase.iuse10gbforshareddiskand30gbforracvms.Ibelievea30%bumpwilldo(Ijustwanttobesafe)
2.Ihitanmemory_targetissuewhilestartinguptheRACvmafterthecreationofdatabase.Iresolveditbyincreasingmyvmmemoryto4gbandsettmpfsto3gb.Notsurewhatsthebestwaytoresolveitbutit'sworkingformeatm.
Thankyou,Roger
says:September28,2014at15:11,GMT
Roger,
Thankyouforthisvaluableinformation!
says:September29,2014at20:37,GMT
SergeiRomanenko,Whyyoudidn'tuseSCAN/DNSserver?
ThanksBhim
Sohansays:October11,2014at10:10,GMT
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Dowedon'tneedtodefineparameterin.bash_profileofbothnode?
syedaleemsays:October24,2014at16:26,GMT
HiSergei:
Thankyouverymuchforsharingthisdocumentandgreatlyappreciatedforyoureffort.IusedallinstructionsnicelylaidoutinthisdocumentandsetupmythetwonodeRACsuccessfully.
Thankyouagain.
SyedAleem.
Sohansays:October29,2014at07:43,GMT
HiSyed,didyousetkernelparameterfortheconfigurationin/etcsysctl.conf?
RuiXianBAOsays:December12,2014at23:49,GMT
RuiXianBAOsays:December13,2014at00:02,GMT
HelloSergeiandothers,
Sorryfortheaboveemptypostamistake:)
BTWSergei,sincethefirsttimeIhadmoreerrorsthanexpectedafterinstallingtheGrid,thenIdeletedtheoldrac1andrac2andhavedoneareinstallation,butgotthesameerrorsasbelow.Anyideawillbehighlyappreciated.
Best
RuiXian
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sdaINFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfileINFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:PermissiondeniedINFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:140733744835552INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sdbINFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfileINFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:PermissiondeniedINFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:140733744835552INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sda1INFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfileINFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:Permissiondenied
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INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:140733744835552INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sda2INFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfileINFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:PermissiondeniedINFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:140733744835552INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sdb1INFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfileINFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:PermissiondeniedINFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:140733744835552INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00316:ErroracquiringASMdiscoverystring:ORA29780:unabletoconnecttoGPnPdaemon[CLSGPNP_ERR]INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00105:Couldnotopenpfile'[email protected]'a
RuiXianBAOsays:December19,2014at14:49,GMT
HelloSergeiandothers,
FYI,IgotthesameerrorevenwhenItriedudevinsteadofASMLib.Andmyfriendalsogetstheexactsameerror.Guessthisistheresultofthecurrentsoftwarecomponents'combination.Intheend,wedecidedgoingfarwardanywaydespiteoftheerrors.Andsurprisinglyallisthegoodintheend:)Thankyouagainforyourniceinstrucitons!
Best
RuiXian
Paul(www.webgeest.nl)says:February27,2015at09:21,GMT
Hi,Perfectdescription,stepbystepworkssmooth.Except1thing:theSSHconnectivityduringInstallingDatabasestep7of13.Beforedoinganythingonthisscreen,openupaterminalonbothnodes.Checkthat:*youcansshoracle@rac2ANDsshoracle@rac1twoways*youcanalsosshtoyourself!sosshoracle@[email protected]'own'machinecomeintotheknown_hosts*makesurethattheauthorized_keyscontainsthepubkeysforBOTHhosts
Ifthisworksfine,thenONLYclicktheTestbutton.AndthenNext.DoNOTclickSetupbutton,becauseIthinkthismessesuptheconfiguration.
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Thankyouverymuchforthisexcellentpost!
Paul
rajsays:March7,2015at15:40,GMT
Hi,
Thisisanawesomepost.Ididsetupsuccessfully.Itwouldbeniceifyouwritepostsonnodeadditionandnodedeletionandstandbysetupin12c.
Thanks.
Rajansays:April7,2015at13:15,GMT
WhiletakingbackupusingRMAN,gettingbelowerrorsdueto/dev/sdb1notmountedandneedoracleuserpermissiontowriteit,
RMAN00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============RMAN00571:===========================================================RMAN03009:failureofbackupcommandonORA_DISK_1channelat04/07/201518:12:23ORA19502:writeerroronfile"/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/b_RACDB_0kq3q7jv_20_1",blocknumber11648(blocksize=8192)
Plsadvise.Thanks.
EdgarRangelsays:April13,2015at06:08,GMT
Sergei,
Thankyouverymuchforthisgreatguide!,IcreatedthelabsusingVirtualBoxinLinux(RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.5),asperothercommentpostedhereIalsoused12.1.0.2,buttogetitworkingIhadtoincreasememoryupto4gbpereachnode,andalsosettmpfsto3gb.
Vaibhavsays:June7,2015at13:10,GMT
Excellent
Dr.HussienSharaf(ite.frommasr.com)says:August13,2015at19:28,GMT
Excellenttutorial.IusedOracleLinux7for64bitandIfoundthatatthesectiontitled"UdevConfiguration"shouldbe#/usr/lib/udev/scsi_idgud/dev/sdbinsteadof:#/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/sdb
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Dr.HussienSharaf(ite.frommasr.com)says:August16,2015at14:31,GMT
InOracleLinux7,disablingFirewall:#systemctlstopfirewalld#systemctldisablefirewalld
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