Öresund transport infrastructure governance
Baltic Sea Region High Level Work-Shop on Cross-Border Integration
Malmö 31 March 2014
Björn Hasselgren, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Focus
Governance of present and planned transport infrastructure assets and projects
-Ownership-Financing-Management-(Function)
Institutional level and change (Williamson, 2000)
INFORMAL INSTITUTIONS – Language, Culture, Customs Spontaneous 100- 1000 y
Social theory
INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT – Property rights, legal systems Get the institutional setting right 10 - 100 y
Economics of property rights/political theory
GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE - Governance, contract Get the governance structures right 1-10 y
Transaction cost theory
RESOURCE ALLOCATION – Prices, incentives Get the marginal conditions right Continuous
Neo-classical theory
The three connections
Öresund Bridge
HH-connection
Metro-extension
Governance forms
Infrastructurecorporations, ArlandabananÖresundsbron
National roads and railroads
Harbours, local roads
Public transportation
and infrastructure
Private/business-sector, fees
Centralized
Regional/local
Public sector/taxes
Transport in the Öresund region
Coexistence Communication CooperationCo-ordination
Integration
informal formal
Type of relation
Formality of the relation
Character of the relation
Infra-structure
(Modified from Institute of Policy Studies 2008:14)
Collaboration
Copen-hagen
Malmö Port
Passengers
Car-drivers
Air transport
Capacity
There seems to be enough capacity to meet reasonable and forseeable demand for both passenger and freight transport at least until 2030/40
Long term planning is important due to long lead times
Why new capacity and links?
For transportation – possibly not
For regional development – perhaps
Different priorities
Sweden (and particularly Skåne and in specific Malmö) values the Öresund-concept highly and would like cooperation to be devloped
Denmark (and particularly Sealand and in specific Copenhagen) can see some advantages in a strengthening of the Copenhagen region
Resembles a one-sided love-affair…
The function of transportation
A business-project in order to
meet demand with profitability
A tool for regional development
These are difficult to combine!
Conclusions
Governance is important but…
How to overcome the differences between Denmark and Sweden? National vs Regional
How to reconcile the different priorities?
Decide whether transport infrastructure is business or politics – or try to find the balance
What to do?
Focus on the present situation!
Use the Öresund Bridge as far as possible – include some stronger regional influence/impact
Develop Helsingborg/Helsinore cooperation based on modern martime transportation/shuttles
HH – is a regional project – not a national
The metro-line should probably not be constructed before 2040 if there is still need for extra capacity
Ways ahead?
EU Now
Cross border private or mixed
organizationsNational private or
mixed organizations
Government/centrali-zed coordination
NationalSupra-national
Spontaneous coordination
Björn Hasselgren, PhDKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyUrban Planning and [email protected]@HasselgrenB
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