NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 1
New Physics CP Violation in b →→ s & bs ↔ sb Transitions
September 5, 2008, Beyond 3SM @ CERN
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 2
I.
II. Consistence and 4 x 4 CKM
III. and Largeand Large
IV. AAFBFB(B K*l+l) and Other Predictions
V. Conclusion
Outline
0AAΔAπKBπKBKπ 0
0sin2ΦsB
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 3
I.
0AAΔAπKBπKBKπ 0
ICHEP 2004, Beijing
ACP(B K)ACP(B K)
ACP(K) = 0.04 0.05 0.02
275M BB New
K: 728 53
hint that ACP(K) ACP(K) ? (2.4)
Large EW penguin (Z0) ?
New Physics ?
[also seen by BaBar]
_d
d
K
u u
B sb
Sakai
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 5
PEW
Z’
Belle 2004 PRL: Seedby
“you
rs tr
uly”
Y. Chao, P. Chang et al.
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 6
Belle 2008 Nature: Simple Bean Count
AA = = AAKK AAKK == 0.1640.164 0.0370.037 4.4 4.4 0.07 0.03 vs 0.094 0.020
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 7
0πππ 0 KBKBK AAA
Experiment is Firm
A K ~ 0 expected
0.097 0.012 0.050 0.025
0.1470.147 0.0280.028 > 5> 5
Why a Puzzle ?
?
_d
d
Ku u
Bsb
Large C ?
Large EWPenguin ?
A lot of (hadronic) finesse
Need NP CPV Phase
PEW has practically no weak phase
in SM
t, ??
Baek, London, PLB653, 249 (2007)
World
Difference is Large !
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 8
My first B (and 4th gen.) paper
nondecoupling
2
Z
FF GG
2tm
dimensionsdimensions
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 9
0πππ 0 KBKBK AAA
Experiment is Firm
A K ~ 0 expected
0.097 0.012 0.050 0.025
0.1470.147 0.0280.028 > 5> 5
Why a Puzzle ?
?
_d
d
Ku u
Bsb
Large C ?
Large EWPenguin ?
A lot of (hadronic) finesse
t, ??
Baek, London, PLB653, 249 (2007)
World
Need NP CPV Phase
PEW has practically no weak phase
in SM t, t’ 4th Gen. in EWP Natural
nondecoupling
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 10
Effective b s Hamiltonian: t Effect
t
c
SM 3
and t’
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 11
t ➯ t, t ’
t, t’
}
{
],[
],[),(M
),(),(2)(
),()(2
0002
0002
12
2
'''
'
'
'
ttSttSλ
ttSλλλ
ttS
ttSttSBf
t
tccBB ss
GIM Respecting
Arhrib and WSH, EPJC’03
CPV Phase
SM 4
t, t’
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 12
_d
d
Ku u
Bsb t, t’
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05LO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen.
A 12% vs 15% (data)
NLO PQCD ⊕ 4th Gen.
A 15% S 0.11
SM3 input
vs 0.340.2x (data)
WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, PRL’07
A = AK+ AK+~ 15% and
Joining C & PEW
Both and in Right Direction !A S
sb P
EW
ion)(illustrat
GeV 030t'm
weakened
@ ICHEP
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 13
II. Consistence and 4 x 4 CKM
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 14
Consistency and b s Predictions
BR OK ACP ~ 0 far away
beyond SuperB
PDG ’06
SM3
SM3
Heavy t’ effectdecoupledfor b s
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 15
tbtsVV
btst VV
cbcsVV ubusVV
“Typical” CKM Matrix
b s
4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Z/K Constraints
tbtdVV
btdt VV
cbcdVV
ubudVV
x ~ 0.22
b d
Satisfy b d: ✓ Cannot tell trianglefrom quadrangle
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05
s b
Z bb_
d s
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 16
btst VV
tbtsVV
cbcsVV
cbcdVV-
ubudVV
ubusVV
OS
Q
b →→ d “Triangle” and b →→ s Quadrangle
b b →→ s s
b →→ s Quadrangle Area ~ ()30x b →→ d Triangle
Strength and Size of sB2sin
~ SM3
negligible
b →→ d
(almost Triangle)
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 17
On Boxes and Z Penguins
GIM , charm, K
small ’/, K (still waiting)
heavy top , sin2
Z dominance for heavy top1986 2002
Most Flavor/CPV learned from these diagrams/processes
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 18
GIM , charm, K
small ’/, K (still waiting)
heavy top , sin2
Z dominance for heavy top1986 2002
All w/ 3-generations, Just wait if there’s a 4th
D ! D !
b’, t ’ @ LHC
BBss
AAFBFB
Nondecoupling∵ ∵ Large Yukawa !
On Boxes and Z Penguins
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 19
II. and and LargeLarge
0sin2ΦsB
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 20
• Fixed rsb ➯ Narrow sb Range destructivedestructive with top• For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03, [Vcb ~ 0.04
sb Range ~ 60 ° - 70
° Finite CPVCPV
Phase
Bs Mixing Measured @ Tevatron in 4/2006
?
Large CPV in BLarge CPV in Bss Mixing Mixing
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
03.0
02.0
01.0rsb
CDF range
SM (high)
01.002.0
03.0sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
Despite mBs, B(bsll) SM-likeWSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 21
Sure thing by LHCb ca. 2009-10
Sign Predicted !
sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
Despite mBs, B(bsll) SM-like
03.0
02.0
01.0
CDF range
SM (high)
01.002.0
03.0
rsb
?
A K,
S
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
Large CPV in BLarge CPV in Bss Mixing Mixing
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
Can Large CPV in Bs Mixing Be Measured @ Tevatron ?
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 22
arXiv:0712.2397 [hep.ex]arXiv:0802.2255 [hep.ex]
Further ICHEP’08 Updates (CDF/DØ/fitters): Strengthen !
sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
arXiv:0803.0659 [hep.ph]
UTUTfitfit
IncredibleIncredible !!! !!!sin2Bs 0.64
0.16 0.14
3.73.7 ~2.5
± ?
talk by Juan Fernandez (CDF)
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 23
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07 (hep-ph/0610385)
4th Generation ?
Did not ask for this !
Tevatron can compete w/ LHCb
iff |sin2Bs|
ICHEP08 - July 31, 2008 D. Tonelli- Fermilab
ICHEP update
ICHEP update
Increased dataset still hints at larger than SM values!
Consistency with SM decreased 15% 7% (~1.8σ)
Will shrink further with PID in the whole dataset
0.28 < βs < 1.29 at 68% CL
-pi/2 < βs < -1.45 OR
-1.01 < βs < -0.57 OR
-0.13 < βs < pi/2 at 95% CLwww-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/new/bottom/080724.blessed-tagged_BsJPsiPhi_update_prelim/
Flavor/TeV George W.S. Hou (NTU) SUSY’07, 07/07 25
BBssProspect (short term)
Bs J/ analogous to Bd J/ KS
V V Angular & Vertex Resolved Analysis to disentangle CP components
• CDF/DØ : 8 fb projected
(sin 2BBss) ≃ 0.2 (?)/exp
similar • LHCb : 0.5 fb(2008 ?)
(sin 2BBss) ≃ 0.04
• ATLAS : 2.5 fb(2008 ?)
(sin 2BBss) ≃ 0.16
CMS ?
$$ Tevatron could get lucky
ifif sin 2BBss largelarge New Physics !New Physics !
€ LHCb the winner if ~ SM
sin 2BBs s in SM
Could Tevatron run beyond 2008 ?
But 2009 looks interesting !
Nakada @ fLHC 3/07
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 26
IV. AAFBFB(B K*l+l) and Other Predictions
229M386M
Ali, Mannel, Morozumi, PLB273, 505 (1991) (F(FLL and) and) AAFBFB (and A (and AII) ) favor the “opposite-sign Cfavor the “opposite-sign C77 model” model”
Fourth Generation PRD 77, 014016 (2008)
Quoted by Tsybychev at FPCP08
Eigen at FPCP08
349 fb-1
data: LHCb MC (2 fb)
a: SM; b: 4 Gen.
better
2008/07/31 ICHEP2008
J.-T. Wei
Instead flipped C7 ...
BABAR, arXiv:0804.4412
PreliminaryW.-S. Hou, A. Hovhannisyan, and N. Mahajan, PRD 77, 014016 (2008)
657M
386M
(=s/mB2=q2/mB
2)
complex wilson coefficients
SM
4th generation (SM4)
2fb-1 MC study of LHCb
(~7000 K*ll events)
BelleDeviation from SM3 Strengthened !
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 29
dbibtdt dbVV
er
cb'ub'VV
PDG06
mb’ = 230 GeV
270310
From 4 x 4 Unitarity
x = m/ ~ 1 - 3 plausible
w/ Sizable (but not huge) CPV in Mixing ~ 15%
D Mixing (Short-distance Only)
N.B. SM LD could generate y ~ 1%, x ≈ y [Falk, Grossman, Ligeti, (Nir,) Petrov]
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 30
enhanced to or even higher !!
In general larger than !!
Implication for
Rate could be enhanced up to almost two orders !!
Grossman-Nir
Current E391A U.L.
Very hard to measure
SM 3
∵ Large CPV Phase
CPV for BAU George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 4, 2008 31
VI. Conclusion
~~ 10 101515 Gain Gain
10101313GeV 300 tb m ,mGeV 600~ 10101515
Even if O (1)Enough CPV for B.A.U.
Maybe there is a 4th Generation !
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 32
V. Conclusion
~~ 10 101515 Gain Gain
10101313GeV 300 tb m ,mGeV 600~ 10101515
Even if O (1)Enough CPV for B.A.U.
I.
II. Consistence and 4 x 4 CKM
III. and Largeand Large
IV. AAFBFB(B K*l+l) and Other Predictions
0AAΔAπKBπKBKπ 0
0sin2ΦsB
D mixing, KL
CDF/D0
LHCb
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 33
Backup
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 34
sin2Bs ~ 0.5 - 0.7
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’07
arXiv:0712.2397 [hep.ex]arXiv:0802.2255 [hep.ex]
sin2Bs 0.640.16 0.14
arXiv:0803.0659 [hep.ph]
UTUTfitfit
IncredibleIncredible !!! !!!
3.73.7
Added 4/2008
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 35
103.02.0 10)1.5(
n
nB
WMAP
2010 KM ~
Too Small in SM
B.A.U. from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis ?
Why? Jarlskog Invariant in SM3 (need 3 generation in KM)
Normalize by T ~ 100 GeV
1033 ~ A is common (unique) area of trianglein SM
masses too small !
CPV
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 36
If shift by One Generation in SM4 (need 3 generation in KM)
103.02.0 10)1.5(
n
nB
WMAP
2010 KM ~
Too Small in SM
Only fac. 30 in CPV per se
~~ 10 101515 Gain Gain
Gain mostly in Large Yukawa Couplings !Gain mostly in Large Yukawa Couplings !
CPV
B.A.U. from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis ?
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 37
Order of Phase Transition
B.A.U. from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis ?
Too much equlibration in SM washes away B.A. at high T
Cubic term too smallExtra Heavy Bosons (usual approach)
Carena, Megevand, Quirós, Wagner, NPB’05
Upshot: relativistic d.o.f. g* become g*(), effective reheating by
F decoupling around Tc Stronger Transition
Fermion• Couple Strongly to Higgs Can “Boil” Higgs Soup• mF/T Not small Cannot use above m/T expansion Not too large Does not decouple too early
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 38
Order of Phase Transition
B.A.U. from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis ?
Upshot: relativistic d.o.f. g* become g*(), effective reheating by
F decoupling around Tc Stronger Transition
Fermion• Couple Strongly to Higgs Can “Boil” Higgs Soup• mF/T Not small Cannot use above m/T expansion Not too large Does not decouple too early
Used Higgsino/Wino Model w/ 12 d.o.f. >> 2.1
Comment that top (also 12 d.o.f.) w/ ≅ 1 is too smallCarena, Megevand, Quirós, Wagner, NPB’05
Observation: ∃∃ 4th Generation, then t < b’ < t’ ~ 300 GeV may be sufficient for ?!
If numerics of CMQW can be used
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 39
Order of Phase Transition
B.A.U. from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis ?
Can 4th Generation Restore Electroweak Baryogenesis ?
CPV
Can we use this to DemandDemand to see NP b → s CPV ?
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 40
V. Discussion and Conclusion
• 4th generation not in such great conflict with EWPrT Kribs, Plehn, Spannowsky, Tait, PRD’07
• Issue of “UV completion” for EWBG picture (vacuum stability)
• Heavy 4th generation above 600 GeV (unitarity limit) could lead to EWSB No Higgs ? Holdom, JHEP’06
• t’ & b’ can be discovered at LHC !t’ & b’ can be discovered at LHC !
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 41
I. Intro: BAU Need New Physics CPV➯
II. Hints in b →→ s
* * vs
III. New Large Yukawa Couplings: CPV in and
* kaon constraint * refinement
IV. Proof: (near) Future
* @ Tevatron & LHC(b) * BAU from Electroweak BaryogenesisElectroweak Baryogenesis
sb P
EW
s b
box Μ
sBmsBf
sB2sin
sBm
4th Generation
Conclusion on New Physics b →→ s CPV
0πππ 0 KBKBK AAA
and Largeand Large
02sin sB
and (distant) Past
Experiment is Firm
Soon !
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 42
Backup
NP b → s CPV George W.S. Hou (NTU) Beyond 3SM, Sept. 5, 2008 43
Smaller than bccs in almost all modes
Smaller than bccs in almost all modes
Naïve average of all b s modes
sin2eff = 0.56 ± 0.052.2.11 deviation (was 2.6) btwn
b sqq and b ccs
Naïve average of all b s modes
sin2eff = 0.56 ± 0.052.2.11 deviation (was 2.6) btwn
b sqq and b ccs
Theory Expect sin 21
> sin 21
s-penguin
cc(bar)s
New Physics !?
Need More Data !
SS = Ssqq Sccs < 0 “ Problem”
Probably Need Super B Factory to Resolve !
Even deviation of ~ few Even deviation of ~ few deg indicate NPdeg indicate NP Sinha, Misra, WSH, PRL 97, 131802 (2006)
RareB/CPV-BSM George W.S. Hou (NTU) KEKTC6 2/8/07 44
Box/EWP Sensitivity to 4th Gen.Box/EWP Sensitivity to 4th Gen.
nondecoupling
),(2)(),(
)(),(
0000
000
,
,)2(
)1(
'''
'
ttSttS
ttS
ttSS
ttSS
QCD penguin
EW penguin
(No New Operators)g less sensitiveg less sensitive
RareB/CPV-BSM George W.S. Hou (NTU) KEKTC6 2/8/07 45
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
ACP(K) ~ 12, ACP(K) ~ +0.04 ?
☞ ACP(K) almost independent of t’☞ ACP(K) ACP(K) > 0.1 demands
• sb ~ /2
• Large mt’ and rsb
LargeEffect
LO PQCD
New Solution for BAU George W.S. Hou (NTU) 2nd Open sBelle, 7/3/08 46
Opposie Sign
4th generation George W.S. Hou (NTU) Flavour/LHC 2/06 47
4th generation not excluded
favored
allowed
Arhrib and WSH
YanirHattori, Hasuike and Wakaizumi
Independently
4th generation George W.S. Hou (NTU) Flavour/LHC 2/06 48
and Prospects
Just Around Corner!(SM3-like)
~ to !Defintely BSMif measured !
Phase
mBs/mD/AJ/K George W.S. Hou (NTU) ICHEP’06, 7/29/06 49
4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Constraints
We need to deal with mixing matrix in detail to keep Unitarity
From b → s study
SM3
Kaon b s
b dimpose
Cross Check !
mBs/mD/AJ/K George W.S. Hou (NTU) ICHEP’06, 7/29/06 50
Constrain s d from K Physics
(J. Bijnens et al.)
(E. Pallante et al.)
Therefore….
well-satisfy !
“Standard”
No SM3 solution
(shaded)
mBs/mD/AJ/K George W.S. Hou (NTU) ICHEP’06, 7/29/06 51
well-satisfy
Hard to tell apart (non-trivial) with present precision∵ stringent s d
vs Vub ~ 0.01 e-i
Disfavored
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