NatyashastraName : Ravi Bhaliya
Roll No : 24
Paper : (7) Literary Theory and Criticism
M.A : Sem -2
Enrolment No : 14101004
Year : 2014-15
Email : [email protected]
Submitted To : Smt. S.B Gardi Department of English Maharajakrishnakumarsinhji
• Bhavnagar University
Bharatiya Natyashastra is an encyclopedia of Sanskrit literature, is the earliest work on Dramaturgy available at present.
Bharatmuni and Ancient indian musicologist has authored the theoretical treatise.
There are 36 thousands ‘sutras ’(couplet) and 6 thousands ‘ shlokas ’ through which Bharatmuni talks about performing Art, Theatre, dance , and Music.
Natyashastra: introduction
Bharatmuni himself identified the four kinds of bhava responsible
for the various Rasas, they are known as a state of mind or state of
being they are
Sthayibhava
Anubhava
Sattvikabhava
Vyabhichribhava
What is Rasa ?
According to Bharatmuni..
“Vibhavaanubhavavyabhicharisamyoghtrasanishpattihi”
Vibhava – DeterminateAnubhava – Consequences Vyabhichari- Transitory state or feelings
According to Markand..
“Rasa in Bharatmuni, is nothing but the exposition of the
structure of human experience”
According to V.S. Seturaman
“ A Blending of various bhava arise certain emotion, accomplished by thrill and a sense
of joy is Rasa ”
Anubhava
Anubhava (gesture expressive of what is going on in the heart of mind or main character) are the physical changes due to the rise of an emotion. In actual life they are known as effect of emotion. These changes are voluntary as they can be produced by an effort of the will. They are called Anubhavas because
1. They communicate to the basic emotion to the characters, present on the stage.
2. They make the spectator experience an identical emotion.
Vibhava
Vibhava has two elements
1. Alamban: Alamban (supportive cause) it is the means of expression of
feelings through which feeling reaches to the viewer. They are the character of the literary work and performer of the drama.
2. Udipan: They are the events happens in the drama and the stage
decoration as well as the atmosphere created by music, light effect on the stage and depiction of the atmosphere through words in text.
Vyabhichribhava
It is known as Transitory state of mind. They are like waves, which raise from the ocean of the basic mental state and subside into the same though they are mental states, they appear as it were embodied. These supporting feelings are short lived and they can enter into alliance with a number of Sthayibhava
SthayibhavaIt is known as a dominant state of mind .
love
Humor
sorrow
Anger
energy
terror
disgust
wonder
Sentiments Meaning God Color
1)Shringara attractiveness Vishnu Light green
2)Hasya Mirth/comedy pramatha white
3)Rudra Furg Rudra Red
4)Karun yam Compassion/tragedy
Yama Gray
5)Bibhatsam Disgust/aversion Shiva Blue
6)Bhayanakam Horror/Terror Kala Black
7)Vira Heroic mood Indra Yellowish
8)Adbhutam Wonder/Amazement
Brahma Yellow
9)Shantam Peace - White
To Sum Up
There are references and quotations are found in certain works of Kalidasa,Anandvardhana and Mammata,Bana shows Natyashastra is work anterior to the fifth century C.E.The terminology used in the Natyashastra for acting,music,Dance,Gesture and musical instruments also indicate the date of the work.
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