Mr Jamie Ranse: Research Coordinator, Intensive Care Unit Chief Nursing Officer, St John Ambulance Australia
Dr Nick Taylor: Registrar, Emergency Department
Mountain Biking Events:
Presentation Characteristics and
Medical Needs
Overview
• Background
• Objectives
• Method
• Results
• Discussion
Background
• Mountain biking increasing in popularity
• North American and European studies
– Incidence of injury
– Gender
– Injury type
Objectives
• Evaluate injury type and frequency, and factors influencing these, in Australian mountain bike riders.
• Evaluate the adequacy of health service provision
• Hypothesis: – Ambient temperature affects injury frequency,
– Track congestion affects injury frequency,
– Gender affects injury frequency.
Method
• Setting
• Population and sample
• Data collection
• Validity and Reliability
• Data Analysis
– Presentations frequency (presentations per kilometre ridden)
– Ambient temperature
– Track congestion • (meters per ridder = track length / number of riders on track)
– Gender
• Ethics
8 years
14777 riders
673 presented to St John Ambulance Australia
Results
Results
0
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
07
00
-0
80
0
08
00
-0
90
0
09
00
-1
00
0
10
00
-1
10
0
11
00
-1
20
0
12
00
-1
30
0
13
00
-1
40
0
14
00
-1
50
0
15
00
-1
60
0
16
00
-1
70
0
17
00
-1
80
0
18
00
-1
90
0
19
00
-2
00
0
20
00
-2
10
0
21
00
-2
20
0
22
00
-2
30
0
23
00
-2
40
0
00
00
-0
10
0
01
00
-0
20
0
02
00
-0
30
0
03
00
-0
40
0
04
00
-0
50
0
05
00
-0
60
0
06
00
-0
70
0
07
00
-0
80
0
08
00
-0
90
0
09
00
-1
00
0
10
00
-1
10
0
11
00
-1
20
0
12
00
-1
30
0
13
00
-1
40
0
14
00
-1
50
0
15
00
-1
60
0
ResultsAustralian 24 hour mountain bike championships: Riders entered
and presentation frequencies per year.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
En
tere
d r
iders
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Km
rid
den
per
pre
sen
tati
on
Female riders
Male riders
Presentation frequency
Injury rate of females was different to males (p=0.032)
Results
Results
Results
• 0.25% referred to hospital (1 every 1990km ridden)
• 0.06% referred to hospital by ambulance (1 every 36000km)
Results
Congestion vs Presentation Frequency
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
0 50 100 150
Metres available to each rider
(congestion)
km
rid
den
/pre
sen
tati
on
km ridden/injury vs
congestion
Linear (km ridden/injury
vs congestion)
R=0.889
p=0.003
Results
Presentation Frequency vs Average Temperature
(8hours)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
km/presentation
Avera
ge t
em
pera
ture
over
8 h
ou
rs
(deg
rees C
)
Temperature:
R=0.78
p=<0.001
Humidity:
R=0.53
p=0.02
Limitations
• No data was collected regarding rider skill level or mechanism
of injury
• High injury frequency in the first 8 hours may be due to a
number of unmeasured factors
• Difficult to separate individual strength of effect - the hottest
part of the race was also the most congested
Discussion
• Mountain biking is a safe sport
• Findings:
– Gender differences
– Types of presentations
– Track congestion
– Weather
• Recommendations
– Riding Practice
– Medical needs
– Research
This research was funded by a
St John Ambulance Australia
research grant.
Mr Jamie RanseResearch Coordinator
Intensive Care Unit
The Canberra Hospital
Chief Nursing Officer
St John Ambulance Australia
Dr Nicholas TaylorEmergency Registrar
The Canberra Hospital
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