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CHRISTMAS DCTIB5.- Not one new ideal Is needed to: make the world all that it ought to

".- be. The call Is for wider acceptanceot the old. We need no novel rules

-- o govern human conduct. There are.' already ed principles.

iaid down almost two thousand years;."Ago, sufficient for all time. Love of

fellow roan as a cure for the".jjvils that beset us is not on trial, it

tias not fallen short of sane expecta-- "'

vion in a single particular, it is .noti failure. The obvious remedyimnlr has not had a fair trial. Fail--

'.lire lies at the doors of those who- Jiave refused to accept it. So long

' - "'."fes we continue to cry for a new spe-. ,;mc, wniie we continue 10 wuun 'o

- .' Sid. we exhibit our incompetence to. orn.lrl'0 MqI nOAll If 1ft

. - iseless to nope ior neip worm. L . I V. 1 r, . n olcrVlf rf- w irgjil til uc wuv wu.uiij .e..v" - ' . .

'ne present, sovereign soiven ui.very temporal evil while they pur-

- . ijUQ I IlC UUI CUll L J , TV.I.U uoiuuti owm.

Cior body, vaguely embodied in two."IneaninKless words.

- . I . t r i 1 i 1 - I . .. tiiot self-lov- e. The spirit of the sea

'j.-- ' pon now on us is the spirit of doingif or others, not of consideration for

- . .ourselves. It is well to mention giv--' " M. . V T Af vlfrhtaniionaGS

. .. n times like these, but it is not the- .ulVlIlK UL J . VI Ui Kwua. WMlio

'hat la mnant- - There is the eift ofiervice which all alike can make,n1 frivinc r.t trio llAflrt flx Well nfi

'.u Loerformance of the hand. The' mite is the emblem of the

" ' 'f ight kind of giving because it rep- -- . if. n

."' . Ennobles service. The measure of,' is not the dollar, but the

of him who performs it. Duty.l - s relative. No man has done his

- less than he can., j.5 The present is a time for self- -

Examination, for appraisement of out' T jwn blessings, for scrutiny of desires

A - .. 1 . k U .Vessimism. It is true that others

'"Jnave passed through a crucible, and.i 'ltiat we ourselves have not escaped

. v" Unscathed. There are" those amongy...Mt who have been face to face with

. Jife strggedies. All know that ther otai nas not oeen atiainea, yet are

Trot tiiKllfiAit In Kiinnntunp- thnt nnirogresis is being made. We are not.

. xs we miKm nave Deen. ana as oiners- 'ire, helpless before calamity. While

ia a w 1 ra ti 1 a unn:l-- n r.m n i noi n us, there is at hand the material

v a wua ittu&ia li vix iiu naj iusa in fr: T ma lvo 1 n 1 i oa tVirtiiD-T- t crtvfno

Vy nd doing, and with both oppor--I jtmitv an1 e a ra ttw fe Ihnca n-- a a

.' 1 Infinitely blessed.' t 5 The colossal tragedy of war is fol- -

- owed by not much less heart-brea-

vns iraeeuiea 01 peace, it is iuuiei,' "o discuss the issue .whether we

scaned the full conseauences of thei -. iirninr ,ra nn i n r nivn nann.

-- vTsaom, or cnance, or Dy the favora Providence as inscrutable as it

.' "'s all.seeinr. but it is useful tn rnn.raider what we are doing to temper

, j tj ivi luuan jcoo iui luuaia murifva This is the test. We solve no

. j' urnn 0m nv PAmn nln thnt lit.' '.11-t-ll VIAttAW tn PIl.lBlln. I .J 1

..". "han it was two thousand years ago,"".iiut we bring one measurably nearer

" to solution if we adopt those idealsV?is our own. We shall never

the spirit of revenge, or drive' l liate from the world, or heal dlssen--liioa until we nave accepted the

,." thristmas spirit as our own. TheV nath nf rlut.v ia hAad nnri nlnin

1 Those of the older generation who

h'ery material aspect life in America,,. easier than it was when they were; fuuBB- - jl.ua.ui ids ot nail a ceniury

- J' 4?o have become the accepted and

v. Science has made amazing progress.. . . iducation strides forward, nuhll andi. hrivate benevolences are conducted' "n a princely scale. There probably

.fro do fewer true missionaries nowman in xormer nays, - tnougn they

, . (abor ln a different field. Our soil, ... as aa xeruie, our inausines as pros-- "

' perous, we are as far removed from, ine perns oi ramine as ever ln our

livhe blessings that are ours, 'but we,Sihall nullify them if we neglect toiVtore them with a world that needs

..- ; ath moral and material unbiiilrllna- -

- ,4nd whose future depends ln no.mall measure on the course thatye elect to take.

."., Response to the moving appeal ofMnsriA millions of sufferinsr littla nnoa

. mrinrl and ewneroilH- - ia nnn nf lh.-- incourairfng sterns of the time. Tin.

;5Tiaubtedly there still are Americans'. ... pot imbued with sense of isolation,.Vvho cannot view this picture of

lesoiauou uuiuuveu, aim wno realize, ... (hat our task was not completed

t S hen the armistice was signed. Butt is pertinent, too, to inquire whether

- jms response nas Deen as generous. tnd as general as it ought to have

and whether everything hasi reen that could have been done to

'.. distress in every other form...' Much has been done, but much re- -,

; iialns to be done that will be accomplished only when individual responsibility is fully understood.

URon our conduct now may de-e- nd

the character and the ideals,io less than the material welfare,f generations to come. There is no

Jetter example that we can set forur ueigiiuurg. sti uas mo sea tnanjhat of self-deni- al in the midst ofamparative plenty, and no more ef- -:

active Influence in character-buildin- g

on our own children than accept-- ,ince of the mission that la ours. The

- host case-harden- ed sinner of us all.Nf think, must cherish in his secret

V,

heart the wish ' that his Bons anddaughters may grow up morallysound and strong. Precept Is but afeeble candle beside the revealinglight of example. The present generation rests under a dual obligation, to itself and to those who willcarry the torch when they are gone:

WASTE TIME.The administration at Washington

is a left-ove- r, a survival of anotherera, and the interval between November 2, 1920, and March 4, 1921four lopg montha is lost time.

Congress is concerning itself withmatters whfth it knows are

at the White House.For example, it is expected that thepresident will veto the bill revivingthe war finance corporation and itis certain that he will disanrjroveany high tariff bill on agricultural employers ior injuries to tneir ts.

Why are they passed ? P'oyes was governed? In a goodThey or are be. nassed many encyclopedias, by no meanscause congress regards the great andsolemn referendum as a commissionto enact legislation which it is knownthat President Wilson does not want,Vet the president four vears aeo. atanother referendum, both great andsolemn, received a verdict of indorse- -ment both for him and his nolicles.and a commission to direct nationalaffairs until March 4, 1921. Therewas a new judgment by the peoplein 1918 and 1920, but it could notbecome effective as to the presidentuntil the end of his constitutionalterm.

jNow here is an anomaly whichleads to futility and loss. It shouldbe corrected. Representative Mc- -Artnur has offered a bill for a con- -stltutional amendment which . willmake the term of the new congressbegin on the first Monday In Decern- -ber after the quadrennial election,and of the new president the secondMonday.

xne stage-coac- h days are over.Time was, in Oregon, when a member of congress was elected In Juneof the even year, and he did not takehis seat until December of the fol- -lowing year, unless there was a spe- -cial session. The long delay wasJustifiable and even necessary, be- -lore the railroad, or the telegraph,or tne teiepnone came; but not now.

When the people, in regular constitutional form, decree a change.there should be a change.

ABOUT A WAR REFERENDUM.One of the curiosities of politics

is that both Colonel George Harveyand W. J. Bryan declare for a popular referendum on a declaration ofwar by each nation, except when attacked, and for an internationalagreement to that effect. The em-barrassing point Is: What are theother nations to do with a nationwhich breaks the pledge? Let itproceed uninterrupted with its nefarious design until all of them gotnrougn tne slow motions of a referendum.

Then how are we to distinguishbetween an aggressive and a defensive war? In 1870 Germany maneuvered France into the position ofaggressor, and in 1914 Germany professed to have declared war in self- -defense against Russian mobilization.

mow are the nations to assurethemselves that a government whichcontemplates an aggressive war putsthe issue squarely before the peoplefor their vote, and does not misrepresent an aggressive as a defensivewar, as Germany did in 1914?

It also happens that a war begunin self-defen- se develops into a warfor This is evi- -dent from contemplation of what theallies have done to their enemies.Would the proponents of the referendum have the people vote oncontinuation of the war when thepurpose of defense had been accomplished, and who is to determinewhen the transition from defense tooffense takes place.

While the belligerents are engagedin satisfying their consciences onthis point, is a truce of God to prevail? Would the original offender.seeing a chance to gain the upperhand while bis enemy is hesitating.observe such a truce 7

After this little questionnaire hasbeen answered to their satisfaction.the people may be willing to considerthe war referendum seriously. Untilthen they may regard It as a deviceto betray the innocent, conscientiousand confiding into the hands of theruthless, relentless and remorseless.

8AXVA?3E- -

It is possible that the InterchurchWorld Movement, which was a fail- -ure ln the respect that it did notraise the great fund that it set outto procure for the advancement ofevangelical interests, may yet bearfruit through other agencies of co- -operation. The conference of na--tional protestant organizations whichmet in New York the other day togive counsel as to its affairs, resolvedthat " the Interchurch World Move-ment might wisely adjust and conclude its activities," but it is evenmore important that the conference I

recommended development and co- -relation of existing agencies for co- -operative work." This was. if anything was, the truly valuable phaseof the original movement, and ifexisting agencies profit by the mistakes of the greater body there islikely to be a good deal of salvageof worth-whil- e material.

The organized movement yieldedamong other things a number ofsurveys dealing with the state of thechurch and the religious needs ofpeople throughout the world. Thevalue of these surveys is still in dis-pute; there is much to be said insupport of the argument that insteadof the stone ot statistical investiga-tion people wanted the bread ofreligion; but It is fair also to pre-sume that if the movement had notcollapsed when it did it would havereaped a decided ' advantage frombeing organized along modern lines.The data thus obtained, not all ofwhich are Incomplete, will be turnedover to whatever agencies show-- !

capacity for using them, and thusa partial return will be obtained forthe large sums expended.

One thing the Interchurch WorldMovement undoubtedly did was showhow greatly the Idea that competi-tion is the life of trade can be over-done in church work. Allowing forfundamental doctrinal differencesand the personal factors that makecertain denominational divisions desirable, it was shown in an impres-sive number of cases that duplication

"overchurching" of ruralcommunities and the like hadreached the proportions of a realevil. The "surveys" which consumedso much of the preliminary fundsat least emphasized, if they did notreveal for the first time, the extentto which this practice had .beencarried on. There is evidence thatthe tendency has been checked, and

all probability church extensionin the future will be governed by

THE MORNING OltEGONIAJf, -- SATURDAY, DECEMBER 25, 1920

policy based on Information thusgained.

It is even possible, indeed, that thenew movement which la practicallycertain to succeed the old will beeven broader in its relation to allthe churches than was the original.Having resolved that each shall go1U own way in respect of doctrinalmatters, the churches 6hould findno obstacle to the broadest possible

in the many fields ofhuman activity which the movement

are. to be- -

once proposed to cover. If this resultalone can be traced to the recentcampaign, the latter will be worthall that it cost. t

THE MODERN FELLOW 8ERTAHT,Is there in all the fabric of the

civil law a more discredited doctrinethan the fellow servant rule by whichonly a few years ago" the liability of

I out of date in other respects, willI De 'ound the exposition of the theorytnal Those wno are employed by acommon master lh the promotion ofa common enterprise" shall share tnCDmol,n tne nazaras arising iromone another's acts. True, this wassubject to certain modifications, aswnen tne courts began to rule thatsuperintendents were not the fellowservants of employes under them.

I and. for another example, that theI seamen of one ocean vessel were notfellow servants of those on another.though the vessels were owned by thesame person. But even these conces-sions are of but recent date. Rejectlon of the general rule, with all itsseverity in application, is well withinthe "memory of the generation nowliving,

Now a high New Tork tribunal hasunanimously affirmed the principlethat a workman Is entitled to corn- -pensatlon for injury received as theresult of horse-pla- y by fellow em-ployes. The claimant was a work-man in a silk mill. He was struckby an apple playfully thrown by afellow worker and lost the sight ofone eye. The question whether thisconstituted an accident "arisin outof and in the course of employ- -ment" was raised. The court said:

Tha claimant's presence In a factory inassociation with other workmen involvedexposure to the risk of Injury from thecareless acts of those about him. . . ..Whatever men and boys will do. whengathered together In such surroundings,at all events Is something reasonably tobe expected and was one of the perils ofhis service. .... The claimant wasInjured not merely while he was in a fac-tory, but because he was In a factory. Intouch with associations and conditions in-separable from factory Ufa.

In other words, where it is necessary in the course of employmentthat the worker shall associate withother workers, this association, alongwith unprotected machinery, fire andother perils, is a hazard of employment. Not merely while he was ina factory, but because he was in afactory," compresses the essence ofa new dispensation into a newaphorism. '

Less than thirty years ago a legislator was regarded as exceptionallydaring who proposed that the rule offellow servant be restricted in itsapplication to those of equal rank.Now that last outpost has beenstormed and taken. The court in itsdecision mentions "the broader conception of employment and its inci-dents to which the court is now com- -mitted. ' Broader conception isright. The incident will be partlcularly instructive to those who havehad a notion that the law cannot behumanized by evolution that onlybv bloody revolution can justice beobtained.

LAST OF THE FONT EXPRESS RIDERS.The death In Los Angeles of Wil

liam Gooding, said to have been, thelast of the pony express riders, is areminder that no adequate historyhas been written of this romanticphase of the development of com-munication between east and west.The precursor of the electric telegraph was the pony express, estab-lished in the fifties, and maintainedby the personal heroism of a peculiarly hardy and death-defyin- g

army of young men to whom theachievement was the better part ofthe reward. When these mer suc-ceeded in cutting down the timerequired by a dispatch to crois thecontinent from twenty-on- e to tenf?ays- - their CUP r happiness was full."'was a Ieat ln that day by coni- -Prison wun wmcn tne wirelessteiegrapn oi tne present is incapableof civlner fl thrill

On May 10, 1861. The Oregoniansaid in allusion to certain imDrove--ments in its news service then justput into effect: "In the last tenyears the transmission of news fromocean to ocean has occupied fromtwenty-fiv- e to fifty days. One yearago, on April 16, the pony shortenedthe distance to, ten days. But wedid not get the full benefit of thepony express until the mail line fromhere to San Francisco went Into joperation." At that time the west-ern limit of the- telegraph was FortKearney, Neb. Thence dispatcheswere carried, beginning in 1860, bypony riders across plain and mountain and desert, to the western coasttt was witn reason regarded as atriumph of newspaper enterprise, forexample, when The Oregonian print-ed on the morning of April 15, 1862.as the "latest from the east," dis--patches to April 3, and on April 21gave its readers an account of theprogress of the battle at PittsburgLanding and Shiloh to April 8. Newsof the death of General Albert Sidney Johnston, which occurred onApril 6, was contained in The Oregonian April 26. The latter was newsof particularly intimate interest tothe Pacific coast, because GeneralJohnston had been in command ofthe department of California andhis name had been associated withplans for the Pacific Republic, whichnever culminated, and for secessionof the west as part of the conspiracyto destroy the union.

Twelve, thirteen, twenty daysmeasured the distance between Port-land and the national capital. Yetto reduce the gap to this interval oftime involved exertion nearly super-human. The express riders wereveritably men of blood and iron.Alexander Mayors, of Russell, Mayors& Waddell, who in the fifties wererunning a stage line between theMissouri river and Salt Lake City,tells In his "Seventy Years on theFrontier" how the northern pony ex-press owed its inception to sectionalpolitics. An express line known asthe Butterfleld route, by way of LosAngeles, El Paso and Fort Gibson,was then ln existence but was un-satisfactory to Californians. A short-er central route was opposed by fac-tionalism ln congress on the osten.slble ground that the mountains wereimpassable during the wintermonths. Northern congressmen wereaverse to giving the whole prestige ofsuch a thoroughfare to the extremesouth, and It became necessary todemonstrate that a northern route

could be made practicable. Thisdone, said Senator Gwln of Cali-fornia, he would support a subsidyfor a line between the thirty-nint-h

and fifty-fir- st parallels. ."

The record established by the But-terfie- ld

line was twenty-on- e days fora dispatch from San Francisco toNew York. The new pony expressreduced this to ten days. , But theriders for the Butterfleld linehad founded a tradition to whichthe new line owed much."-Th- e ponyrider was an aristocrat of ' a specialsort, fully conscious of the maximnoblesse oblige. It. was a point ofhonor that no man should falterwhile the spark of life remained inhim. Thus a record established in18S3 by F. X. Aubery, a CanadianFrenchman, who traveled the dis-tance of 800 miles between SantaFe N. M., and Independence, Mo., infour days and thirteen hours, was,as Mr. Majors says, in some respectsthe most remarkable ride ever made,and doubtless the record stands tothis day. all conditions considered.Aubery rode the entire distance without stopping to resthavlng a changeof horses only every 100 or 200 miles.He kept a led' horse by his sideduring most of the time, so that whenthe horse he was riding gave outfrom exhaustion he changed saddlesand went on at full speed. Ruthlessas this seems from the viewpoint ofthose who value horses, the grit ofthe rider provokes admiration. Aubery's ride was made through a region infested by hostile Indians, sothat the adventure 'was stirring inmore ways than one. Majors saysit was made on a bet that Aubery,who had previously covered the dis-

tance in ten days, could do it ineight. He did it in a little morethan half the time."-

Two important events occurredduring the life of the pony service.President Buchanan's last messageto congress, in December, 1860, wascarried from the Missouri river toSacramento,., about 2000 miles, ineight days and a few hours. President Lincoln's inaugural message, ofMarch 4, 1861, was conveyed overthe same route in seven days andseventeen hours, and this probablywarrants' MrMajors' assertion that,taking all conditions into account,it was the most amazing feat of dispat-

ch-carrying ever performed fnthis or any other country. So faras we know, the record still stands.

For a short while dispatches wererelayed from San Francisco to Port-land by steamer or by infrequentstage. The telegraph line to Yreka,Cal., antedated the overland wire.There was a pony express line be-tween Yreka and Jacksonville, Or.,to which historians have failed todo justice, and a stage line from thelatter point to Portland. The firsttelegraph news was received in Port-land in 1863, over a line built byJ. E. Strong from Portland to Eu-gene. The first through telegraphdispatch from California was printedin The Oregonian on March 5, 1864.

All the changes, from bard-drive- n

horses with steel-sinew- men astrideof them, to palace cars and a literalnet work of telegraph wires, fromsix-hor- stage to gasoline-propelle- d

automobile, were spanned by a singlelife. Mr. Gooding witnessed themall, being particularly fitted by experlence to comprehend the prcgres:that had been made. So have othersobserved them, albeit perhaps withduller eyes for contrasts.- News isflashed across the continent now in

a ma?V "econds as it then took days.automobilist of today who

would essay the journey that Aubery made in 1858, over the samsroute, would find it no easy matterto equal the record that the ponyrider made.

Revelations regarding manipula-"flbns of the coal supply by govern-ment officials for their own profitshould be borne ln mind by thosepeople whose remedy for every economic ill is fo.the government eitherto engage directly ln the business inquestion or to assume a large measure of control. At the best, there ismuch Interference by men chosenfor political reasons, - not becausethey know much about the businessin question. At the worst, power isgiven to dishonest men, who use it toaggravate profiteering and to compelthe profiteers to divide with them,Even the honest efforts of Attnrnpv.General Palmer to stop and punishprofiteering by the coal men haveaccomplished nothing. The govern-ment can best prdtect the peoplefrom extortion by enforcing the lawto kees competition alive.

Those friendly Canadians who writethat they'll drink your health onChristmas must know that Americans who used to appreciate suchcourtesies would at present a gooddeal rather drink their own health,

The United States army has in- -vente(j a new i sneezin? eras morepowerful than anything used In thelate war. Lucky they didn t have itin Washington's - time; we mightnever have heard of snuff.

Sale of common stock in the Har-rim- an

lines to employes means thatmany partners to stop the leaks andput in the ginger. Some differencewhen It's "rny road."

A man who carries $500 or,.pttierlarge sum does not, of course, deserve to lose it; but he is very careless. Banks are formed to holdman's five hundred.

Eleven thousand people were married inVancouver during a two-ye- ar

period. Portland divorce statisticsare not at hand, but will averagewell.

The success of the Chicago actresswho had her bowlegs broken and re-set to grow straight will hearten allhef pigeon-toe- d sisters.

The man with the most grandchil-dren Is the luckiest person today,except, perhaps, their grandmother.

'Did. you'.-han- up the baby's stock-ing? Perhaps you have no baby,eh! How come?

The man whose moonshine wasseized yesterday has a differentChristmas today.

Alas, poor Tom, and alack, poorJerry; you're a long way off frommaking merry.

Well, anyway, Signor Caruso isgetting plenty of publicity ou,t of it

Got a friend sick and shut in today? Bend a bunch of flowers.

Tomorrow may be yowltide for theneglected. Your fault? '

Let nobody be forgotten.

IXDEPEA DE T OF . EVERYTHlXd

Advantages of Balldlna- - Hospital oaMountain Top Heclted.

PORTLAND, Dec 23. (To the Edi-tor.) The county commissioners hav-ing failed to step forward and makea statement in defense of erecting thehospital on the mountain top, I wishto make a statement in their behalf,'setting forth a few of the many ad-vantages: ' '

In the first place the altitude Is sogreat, and so unprotected from theeast wind, that the patients will, livebut a very short time, thus savingthe taxpayers for board and keeping.

Again, one of those inexpensiveroad surveys, can be utilized for astreet railway line, which would notcost vto exceed $1,500,000, and if itproduced sufficient revenue, it couldeasily be made a good dividend-payin- g

investment. ' v

It will also have the advantage ofowning its own sewer systemj-- A goodsewer could be constructed from thetop of the hill to the river for a figurenot to exceed $896,000, and in tniamanner the county will avoid payingexorbitant sewer assessments to thecity of Portland. -

It will construct Its own privateheat and power plant, at a cost of notmore than 400,000, and be entirelyindependent ot our public heat, lightand Dower companies, which makesuch excessive charges for service.

But one of the most important savings to the taxpayers, and the oneDrinoiDal Idea in erecting the hospitalin that location is the elimination ofburial charges, which will be taKencare of by the saw-bon- es next door.

It is also a factthat in order to keep nurses from

out at nlirhts. a hospital should,by" all means, be located in an isolateddistrict. When nurses once realizethat if they wander away from theirline of duty after darK. tney win taxchances on being killed by Indians ordevoured by ferocious beasts, tnisdifficulty will be entirely eliminated

In view of these facts, I would sug-gest, instead of instituting a recallagainst the commissioners, that inrecognition of their valuable servicesand wonderful business acumen, theybe awarded a Nobel prize.

GEORGE ALLEN.

MUST ENTERTAIN NO "ALARM

Earth Contains Old-Ti- Movements,. Rot withstanding Contrary Reports. .

PORTLAND, Dec. 24. To the Ed-

itor.) In The Oregonian Tuesdaythere appeared on the front page un-

der 4he caption "Shortest Day IsHere," an article atte. pting to describe the cause of the winter sol-

stice In Which the situation, as itactually Is. seems to' be reversed.

Does not the -- north pole appear toturn toward the sun instead of away,and the sun appear to travel northinstead of south after December 21?

Please throw some new light on thesubject. LAYMAN.

The Oregonian is obllgedMo admitthat in its news columns an ambitiousastrological communist did attempt toRussianize our most intimate partic-ipation in the movement of the solarsystem. There has in fact been no

revolution in the movements of theearth except its well-know- n dallyrevolution on its axis.

HAPPY DAYS.How good the little children are!

Those anxious days are hereWhen Santa Claus from near of far

Is likely to appear;And everywhere with eager eye

The children peK aboutFor fear that he may somewhere b

And their real goodness doubt.

An urchin jumped.' 'Up close to meWith eyes, gay.

And spoke thus confidentiallyTo me the other day:

"I want to write to Santa Claus,I don't know his address."

And then with a reflected pause"He stays with God, I guess,

"Cause he's so good to little boysAnd don't forget the poor.

Last year he brought some dandytoys;

He'll come again, I'm sure.But" I'd just like to write to him.

Because I want a sled.And when I asked our Uncle Jim

He said be might be dead!"

And then the little fellow wentTo mingle with the crowd

Where children played in full contentwith voices ringing loud,

Until the school bell rang again.The recess being o'er.

They marched along ln single train. In through the schoolhouse door;

Each one quite conscious of the factThat Christmas was real near,

And each one using special tactTo "excellent" appear.

From gulf to coast, from east to westThey're all of just one mind.

And that they'll ba by. Santa blestIf they are good and kind.

Since early dawn of Christmas graceYuletide has rung with cheer, ,

And all should wear a happy faceAt this time oi tne year.

So let us see no children sad.And that not one we miss.

But let us make each hearthstoneglad-H- elp

Santa to do this.. MILTON C ARMSTRONG.

Aviation Schools In Portland.NEMA, Wash., Dec. 22. (To the Ed

itor.) 1. Please let. me know: thenames ot aeroplane schools or anyplace where you can learn to be anaviator. 2. Does the state train itsown airmen for the fire patrol or hireonly trained aviators? D. W.

1. There are three aviation schoolsnow operating in Portland, the Dud-r- e

y School of Aeronautics, the schoolof the Oregon-Washingt- and IdahoAirplane v company and the AdcoxAuto and Aviation school. 2. Themen who have been used ln the forestpatrol work bo far have all been ex-perienced aviators, the majority ofthem having war experience.

Omaha Livestock Market.INDEPENDENCE. Or., Deo. 22.-

(To the Editor.) In order to settledispute, please inform me tnrougnthe colurads of The Oregonian thehighest price paid for hogs on theOmaha (Neb.) market during theyears 1884 aad 183S7 tjuasuiUiih.lt.

Write to Omaha Livestock Exchange.

Bede's Anatomical Chart.Cottage Grove Sentinel. '

The appendix is removed because Itis useless. If all unused parts or thehuman anatomy were to be removedsome folks wpuld have nothing leftbut a mouth and a gall bladder.

Motorist Is Pnaaled." . Boston Transcript. 'Pa,' what is .a sine qua non?" "Don't

ask me. I haven t naa tne car longenough to understand all those tech-nical names yet."

.Nickel A Co.Cathlamet Bun.

Mavbe this thing called "normalcy"means the time when a nickel cantravel without a penny or two for anescort.

' Selllahness Is Rebuked. I

Toledo (Ohio) Blade."I can't imagine what's the matter

with me. doctor. I'm continually j

thinking; about myself," "Tut. tu.Ton must stop worrying over trifles."

ft

Those, Who Come and' Go.

If It's prunes or walnuts or anykind of orchard produce you wouldknow about, C. E. Wilson of Salemis the man to dole out the informa-tion. He is spending the holidays intown. Mr. Wilson, having sojournedin that city several years as city edi-

tor of the Capital Journal, went toEugene for a while, but couldn't getused to being away from tho neighborhood of state officials. He cameback ln the spring and served as as-

sistant manager of the commercialclub until ln November, when theOregon Prune Growers'association began looking around forsomeone to direct the "Mlstianapublicity. They didn't have to lookvery far, for ..Mr. Wilson just naturally was there ready to write upanything good to eat from the Wil-lamette valley. "Some folks raisedan awful howl over our new label.said Mr. Wilson yesterday. "Theythought people would associate itwith the rain and it would give tnefruit a black eye. Most of them seemto have got over the feeling now,especially when they found out thename hasn t in terferred with the saleof prunes."

"There should be a law requiringeveryone driving an auto to cometo a dejd stop before crossing a rail-road track," declared Jack Magladry.Lane county lumberman, who is lnPortland to spend the holiday seasonwith his family. "I caw an accidentat Creswell when I was coming here.An automobile was coming along theFaciflo highway parallel to the rail-road track and the driver took asharp turn and crossed the track.The driver never looked to see ifthere was a train in sight and thelocomotive caught the rear wheel ofthe fliver and tossed the machineand its two occupants Into the air.One of the occupants didn't even geta scratch and the driver was onlycut in a couple of places from goingthrough his windshield. There aremany suoh accidents, resulting In fa-talities, due to the fact that manydrivers do not stop, look and listenbefore crossing a railroad track.There should be a law compellingthem to pause."

"There used to be more wheatraised ln tbe valley ln one year thanis now raised in ten years," says I. L.Patterson of Eola, Benton county."Eola was ambitious at one time andwanted to be the state capital. Therewere two large general stores, twoblacksmith shops, two saloons, ashoe-maki- place and an activepopulation. I can remember as asmall boy seeing thousands and thousands of bushels of wheqt stacked upalong the river bank and quite aways back, waiting for the fleet ofWillamette river boats to take thegrain downstream. Now thera isn'teven a trace of the old town ot Eola."

Once upon a time Dr. M. G. Adams,now of Clatskanle, Or., 'who is lntown looking at the shopping crowds.bought a hospital in the interior ofAlaska, in a new camp which hadjust opened up. The doctor waabroke at the time, but borrowed $200and mushed ln 90 miles to the newcamp, where he bought the hospitalbuilding on time. After a year hewas able to sell out and eventuallyleft Alaska for the more attractivesurroundings of Oregon.

Stelhead salmon are at the heightof their run In the coast streams otTillamook county, is the wordbrought by George Russell, deputygame warden for that section. Mr.Russell Is regaling friends with histales of fish and ducks and crabs andto demonstrate his veracity broughtsome of the last ln as Christmas gifts.Roads are not bad around Tillamookhe says. He drove in as far as Yamhill.

'I'm playing no favorites," observed an hotel manager,who was In Portland yesterday. 'Tvejust bought a pair of silk stockingsfor every woman employed In thehotel, from the cashiers and waitresses and telephone girls to themaids. I paid the same price for everypair, except one. There's one veryfat girl and I had to pay 81 extra toget stockings large enough for her.

Garibaldi and northward along thecoast among the beach resorts, thereis a prospect of extensive buildingoperations in the coming, year. It isestimated that there will be between50 and 100 cottages erected, a considerable percentage ef these being located in the vicinity of the big saw-mill at Garibaldi. T. W. Talmedgeof Garibaldi is an Imperial arrival.

C. L. Hawley will not ask the leg-islature to Increase the salary of statefood and dairy commissioner, whichoffice be will occupy in a short time.The salary of the office was raisedat the last session. Mc. Hawley .wasin town from- McCoy yesterday, Justlooking around.

E. J. Adams, formerly a memberof the state highway commission,who was succeeded by R. A Boothrepresenting the southern district ofthe state, is ln Portland from Eugene.Mr. Adams contemplates establishinghimself in this city. t

P. L. Sinclair of Ilwaco registeredat the Hotel Portland yesterday onbis way home from Olympla. Wash.,where he attended a conference. Ac-companying him to the beach is ThsdSweek of Seattle.

Charles F. Stone, erstwhile member of the state game commission, isIn the city on legal business and Isregistered at the Imperial fromKlamath Falls.

F. Barnhouse, city treasurer ofEdmundson, Canada, is registered atthe Imperial.' He brought with him alarge amount or bonds or bis municipality to deliver here.

George H. Durham, formerly ln thsbanking business in Portland, butnow a resident or Grants Pass, isregistered at the Imperial.

George Fry. a garage man of Burns,Is at the Perkins. Even snow doesnot interfere with the autos In Harneycounty until it gets about nub-dee- p.

W. C. Williams, a stockman of lone,and Thomas Barber, a stockman ofPendleton, are registered at the Perkins.

Alex Barnhouse of Lafayette, a retired farmer, is at the Perkins for thehdliday. ' .

C. N. Bishop of the woolen mill atPendleton, la registered at the HotelPortland. '

p. H. Robinson the town recorderfor lone. Or., is doing a bit of shopping in Portland. '

Christmas Flight of Many.PORTLAND, Dec. 24. (To the Ed-

itor.) After reading the letter signed"Happy Mother," will say there areothers wondering what extras are lnstore for their children on Christmasmorn. When the struggle for a mereexistence is intense rent $26, fuel.shoes, clothing, rood and other expenses, for seven little ones, six lnschool, one home all to be done onthe irregular wage of dad.

There are many families of theDoor respeotabla who never divulgetheir struggles to the world; who dis- -like the very word eharity; so gocheerfully without what they cannotget.ANOTHER HAPPY MOTHER OF

SEVEN. . ,

John Burroughs NatureNotes.

Can Yon Answrr These Qurst toast1. How .does winter bring us in

closer touch with wild animals?. I. Are new nests ever built on top6f the last year's nest?

3. Is farm life as picturesque asformerly?

Answers in . tomorrow's NatureNotes.

Answers to Previous Questions.1. Where does the bobolink build

Its nest?The bobolink selects the most mo-

notonous and uniform place she canfind amid the daisies or the timothyand clover, and places her simplestructure upon the ground In themidst of It. There is no concealment,except as the great conceals the little,as the desert conceals the pebble, asthe myriad conceals the unit.

J. Are the black fox and the silver-gra-yfox distinct species?

Old fox hunters will tell you, on theevidence of their own eyes, that thereis a black fox and a silver-gra- y fox,two speoies, but there are not. Theblack fox Is black when comingtoward you or running from you. andsilver-gra-y at point-blan- k view whenthe eye penetrates the fur. Each sep-arate hair Is gray the first half andblack the last.

3. How was maple sugar made?In my sugar-makin- g days the sap

was carried to tbe boiling place Inpalls by the aid of a neck yoke andstored in hogsheads, and boiled orevaporated in Immense kettles or cal-drons set ln huge stone arches. Nowthe hogshead goes to the trees hauledupon a sled by a team, and the sapis evaporated In broad, shallow, sheetIron pans a great saving of fuel andof labor.(Rights reserved by Houghton-Miffli- n Co.)

EACH HAS SPECIAL FIWCTIOX

cxnionor unposea Consolidation ofSlate Fair and Livestock Exposition.OSWEGO, Or., Dec 24 (To tbe Ed

Itor.) Recently in The Oregonian Inoticea a paragraph sent from Salurnsaying that a bill waa being framedin Portland to be presented at thenext session of the leaMslatur. nro.posing the uniting of the State Fair atSalem and the Pacific InternationalLivestock exposition of Portland, thejoint rair to be held in PortlandSurely this report must be the prod- -uti i Hearsay. nether it Is or notevery eirort must be made, If the billis introduced, to kill it. Oregon haswio greatest state fair In the northwest. It also has the greatest live-stock exposition on the coast andequal to the greatest shows of thenation in the Paclflo International.For number of fairs, Oregon Is al-ready short without doubling up. Tocombine these two Kreat fairs orshows would cripple both very materially, me state Fa r should remain at baiem, the state capUal andheart of western Orecon. The dateot mat rair Is more suitable for showlng farm products than the PacificInternational date. The date of thelatter show la more suitable for afinal great livestock show as th enilof tbe circuit where tbe winners andchampions of other shows can finallycome to compete aim ins t enrh nthurwe show our Jerscva at ihinternational and never show andperhaps never will show at the Ore-go- n

State Fair simply because we donot like to take our test cows ao farfrom home and do not desire to havethem away from home for a longerlength of time than for one fair.There are others In the adjoiningcounties to Salem who enhlblt only atthe State Fair. This does not meanthat any exhibitors do not favor bothfairs. Many, and the livestock menIn particular, have seriously criti-cised the Btate fair even to the pointof threats to cease exhibiting live-stock If changes were not made asregards the vile concessions that havebeen growing in numbers and rot-tenness each season there. This doesnot mean. Dy any means, that we havelost faith in the State Fair, for whave hopes that the new managementwill be able to bring In new thoughtand fin a means of financing theoumo rair wunout tne nagrant dis-play Of immorality befora nnr hn.and girls. D. BROOKS HOG AN.

Requirement of Marine Engineer.PORTLAND, Dec. 23. (To the Ed-itor.) Can a man take out a marin.engineer's license without nrevion.experience on the water? If so towhom should I apply? READER.Six months' experience at sea is the

minimum requirement for a marineengineer's license. Application shouldbe made to the United States steam- -boat Inspectors, Oanco bulldlns;.

More Truth Than Poetry.By Jsaaes J. Montasn.

TIIM tit" ILTT COXSCIEXCE.Everybody's gone to bed

An' I can't hear a single soundExcept the buzzln In my bead

That keeps a goln' round and round.My reg'lar bedtime's long went by;

1 been awake six hours, I b'llsvs;I never knew the reason why

But I can't sleep on Chrlfinaa Evo!

I've been an' listened down ths stairsA hundred times, or pretty near.

He mum be close around somewhere!.But I am sure that he ain't here.

They say he has an X-r- ay sightThat goes right through the thick-

est wall.An' If you haven't acted right

He never comes around at all.

I wonder did he see me when1 hooked that sppls off lbs store.

If he was snoopin' round there then .I s'pose It mad him kinds sore.

An when I broke the baby's cart.That's got me awful scarf, some-

how;I wonder would ha have the heart' To hold that up against me now?

I dassn't try to co down stairs:That board that's loose would meb- -

be crack.Or I would stumble on the chain

An he would take tbe presentsback.

That Is ot course If he was hereAn' had a lot o' things tor me.

Oh Gosh! This night seems moit ayear.Suppose he Isn't comln'I Geel

sNot Safe to Take Any Chancre.

Meat was still high enough to makeIt advisable for Santa Claua to luavehis reindeer at home.

Don't Forgrt Illm.The"- - postman who staggers up toyour door with 200 pounds of Christ-ma- a

mall w ill-n- be bothered by theadded burden of the dollar bill youare going to give him.

It Always llnppens.Many a small boy will b dlr..pointed this morning when he flndethat father broke his eleetrlo loco-

motive playing with It last night.

In Other Days.

Twenty. FlYe Years Ago.From The Oregonian of December 23. 101.

Washington. General Miles recent-ly paid a visit to the coast section todetermine whether or not ths cltltcnof the coast are really ready for de-fense.

r.eeent stormi on Tugrt sound hatsurpassed any In late yean.

Tickets will be advanced In priceto f 15 and 7.i0. according to a recentannouncement of the Southern PadHa,which runs to can i ran el sco.

I Fifty Vears Ago.From Ths Oregonian of December III, HTH.

London. It has be-- announcedthat troops are pouring Into Cherbourg for the defense of the port.

Only two or three Jury rs.es re.main on the circuit court docket.

The bark Almatla will he readyto sail about the first of next weekwith a cargo of produce.

Renjamln Freeiuml, a penslonelsoldier of the war of 1S12, resides atAlbany.

TRl'CKU.XE REGULATOR NtKUKI)

Farmer Mould Put Them Somewhaton Itallroad Deals.

NEWBERO. Or., Deo. !J. (To theEditor.) As a. farmer ln C'hehalsmvalley, four miles from any railroad,but rather often using trucks andauto transportation, what I have tosay should be free from bias.

A railroad builds and maintains listrack. Its stations and rest rooms andIs generally responsible financiallyas a carrier of freight and passen-gers. Aulo buses or trucks for hireobserve none of these things, butjust as soon as a paved road Is builtanywhere they Jump onto It. wear It,out. overload and sometimes emsshpeople and things without recourse.

Wby can't our legislators Invest thestate highway commission with au-thority to rent out the privilege ofusing for hire our paved roads, estsb-lis- h

schedules of rates, specify timetables, fix shipping stations and re-quire bonds to secure safety of freightand passengers and use revenue there-from to repair said roads?

JOHN It. SMITH.

Greatest Asset of City Is Now GuardedIt used to ba that school children either progressed, or they did

not, and no one questioned why. But it's different today. Do WittHarry, in a special Sunday article, tells how the children of Portlandschools are helped along the path to knowledge by tbe correction ofphysical defects, including: the evil of malnutrition which, by theway, may afflict the rich little girl as seriously as it sometimes doesthe children, of the poor. A good story of sensible dminiatration,well told and illustrated.

Picturesque Revival of the Mission Play San Gabriel, in south-ern California, is destined to become a shrine of American art tndhistory through the recent revival of the Mission Play. Therein arotold the incidents that form the warp and woof of civilization on thewestern shore of the continent of the conquest achieved by valiantmen and women, so long ago that the haze of olden romance dustersabout tlje story. And because the renaissance of the Mission Playis a matter of moment to all of us, Sara Black has written thsnarrative for the Sunday paper. Youll find it in the 'magazine,section, illustrated.

He Gives More Than lie Gets Pew men there are of which thismay be said. Stephen T. Mather, director of national parks, is oneof them. The fir trees talked to him, the mountains, streams andlakes called compellingly. He harkened and agreed, and thereuponsacrificed his own interests to serve the national Thestory of Mather's service is one of the interesting human documentsin the Sunday issue, where It is related by DonaldAVilhelm.

It's Never Too Late to Marry What are years, Indeed, when thewee god of eternal spring brings vernal beauty Into the witheredheart or something of that sort? This story, told In ths Sundayissue, is the compilation of several romances in which centenariansand other sprightly old folk jested at their age and took theirmarriage vows. Sakes alive! It's so, nevertheless, as surely asJoseph II. Appelgate set it all down for readers of The SundayOregonian.

Startling Facta About Uncle Sam's Family What abous thiswidening breach in the proportions of country to city? Why is the

m slogan a far cry that falls upon unheeding ears?These be matters that vitally concern your Uncle Samuel, and Inthe late census he sought to cast light upon them. Some of hismore pertinent findings are sot forth in the Sunday magatinasection, in a special article by Leo-Ra-e Axtell. Are statistics dryTYoull eat these.

Talks With T. R By what identification are people to be classi-fied as "well-meanin- g fools." Perhaps each of us would choose tomeasure merit or demerit with his own yard-stic- k. But It Is interest-ing, or should be, to discover the tests by which Colonel Rooseveltsorted folly from common-sens- e. Told In the Sunday issue, throughthe personal diaries ef John J. Leary, Jr.

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All the News of All the World

THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN