Molecules Gas Laws LiquidsPhase
ChangesAcids/ Bases
Acids/ Bases
$200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200
$400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400
$600 $600 $600 $600 $600 $600
$800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800
$1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000 $1000
TitrationsThermochemistry
Rates Equilibrium Redox Potpouri
$400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400
$800 $800 $800 $800 $800 $800
$1200 $1200 $1200 $1200 $1200 $1200
$1600 $1600 $1600 $1600 $1600 $1600
$2000 $2000 $2000 $2000 $2000 $2000
Final Jeopardy
Freezing Point Depression
Final Jeopardy
25g/58.5g/mol = .43 mol
.43 mol/.250Kg = 1.7 m
∆T = 1.86oC/m x 1.7m x (2) = -6.3oC
What is the freezing point of a solution made by dissolving 25
grams of NaCl in 250 mL of water?
$200
Kinetic Molecular Theory
This theory discusses the movement of molecules in
their various states
$400
Boyles Law
The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related
$600
The atmosphere
What is the SI unit for pressure?
$800
The pressure will also increase
Gay-Lussac would say as the temperature of a gas increases
at constant volume
$1000
Combined Gas Law
PV = PV
T T
$200
Evaporation
Process by which liquids change into a gas
$400
Sublimation
Phase change from a solid directly to a liquid
$600
Gas
In which state do the molecules have the greatest
kinetic energy?
$800
Temperature remains constant
What happens to temperature during a phase change
$1000
Triple Point
Point at which all three states of matter can co-exist
$200
Sand
Sand, alloys, soda, which is not homogeneous?
$400
Electrolyte
A solution capable of conducting electricity
$600
Compounds that are similar chemically dissolve other compounds that are alike
What does “likes dissolve likes” refer to?
$800
2 Molar
4 moles of a solute is dissolved in 2 Liters of
solution, what is the Molarity
$1000
PbCl2 Pb2+(aq) + 2 Cl-(aq)
Write the equation for the dissolution of PbCl2(s) in
water
$200
supersaturated
A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved
$400
FP depression and BP elevation
Name two colligative properties
$600
Change in temp., molal constant, molality
Using the equation ΔT = kf x m Explain the symbols
$800
1 molal NaCl b/c it is an electrolyte and gives you two particles per mole
Which would boil at a higher temperature and why?
1 molal glucose or 1 molal NaCl
$1000
5 M, (.5 moles/.100L)
Math Question: What is the molarity of 20 grams of
NaOH dissolved in 100 mL of water
$200
Base
pH greater than 7
$400
Acid
[H+ ] > [OH-]
$600
pH = - log [H+]
What does pH equal
$800
Sulfuric Acid
What is the name of H2SO4
$1000
1 x 10-7
Math Question: If pH = 7, then what is the [OH-]
$200
Arrhenius Definition
Bases produce OH- in water solutions
$400
Whose definiton states that Acids are proton donors
$600
8.7
What is pOH if pH = 5.3
$800
pH = 10
[H+] = 1 x 10-10
What is the pH?
$1000
pH = 9
[H+] = 1 x 10-9 so pH = 9
If [OH-] = 1 x 10-5
What is the pH?
$400
Temperature
Average kinetic energy of the molecules =
$800
Specific Heat
Amount of heat required to raise 1 gram of a substance
1oC
$1200
Is equal to heat lost by the material
In calorimetry experiments the heat gained by water
$1600
J = 25g x 8 oC x 4.18 J/goC
How much heat is required to raise 25 grams of water from
22oC to 30oC?
Specific Heat of water = 4.18 J/goC
$2000
Products should be higher than reactants
Come to the board and draw a reaction that is endothermic
$400
Low energy and high entropy
In nature reactions tend to go towards what 2 directions?
$800
Randomness or disorder
What does entropy mean?
$1200
Reaction mechanism
A multistep process for a chemical reaction is called
$1600
Activation energy
The energy hump a reaction needs to overcome is called
$2000
Temperature, surface area, catalyst, nature of reactants
Name three (3) factors that affect reaction rate.
$400
Rate of the Forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
Define chemical equilibrium
$800
Ka = [CH3COO-] [H3O+]
[CH3COOH]
Write the equilibrium expression for the following;
CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) CH3COO-(aq) + H3O(aq)
$1200
A large Ka value
A strong acid will have what kind of value for it’s Ka ?
$1600
Left
N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2 NH3(g) + 92 kJ
If heat is added the reaction will shift?
$2000
Left, more gas
N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2 NH3(g) + 92 kJ
If the volume is increased the reaction will shift
$400
Ionization Energy
$800
Molecules need to come in contact in order to react
What is the collision Theory?
$1200
Activated complex
The temporary structure at the top of the energy diagram
(yellow/green)
$1600
PbCl2 has a larger Ksp
Which salt would be the most soluble?
PbCl2 Ksp = 1.7 x 10-5
Ag2S Ksp = 6.0 x 10-51
$400
Loss of electrons= oxidation
Gain of electrons = reduction
What does LEO goes GER mean?
$800
Reduction
Fe+3 + 3e- Fe
Is this an oxidation or a reduction?
$1200
+ 7
What is the oxidation number of Mn in MnO4
- ?
$1600
O, it goes from 0 to -2
What is getting reduced in the equation below?
4 Cu + O2 2 Cu2O
$2000
1.06 Volts
Given the information on the board, calculate the cell
potential for the following cell;
Ag+/Ag // Ni/Ni+2
$400
At the cathode
In a voltaic cell where does reduction occur?
$800
1 x 10-14
What is the ionization constant for water?
$1200
O2 since it is getting reduced
Who is the oxidizing agent in the reaction below?
Fe + O2 Fe2O3
$1600
Endpoint
In a titration this is the point when you see a color change
$2000
.030 Molar
Suppose that 10.1 mL of HNO3 is neutralized by 71.4 mL of a .0042 M
solution of KOH in a titration. Calculate the molarity of the HNO3.
Daily Double
[OH-] > [H+]
In a basic solution what is the relationship between [H+] and
[OH-]
Daily Double
If a stress is applied to a system at equilibrium the system will adjust to relieve the stress and establish a new equilibrium
State Le Chatelier’s Principle and give an example
Daily Double
Ksp = 4.3 x 10-11
For the equilibrium CaF2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2 F-(aq). Write the equilibrium expression and then calculate the Ksp
value given the following information:[Ca2+] = 2.2 x 10-4 M and [F-] = 4.4 x 10-4 M
The Jeopardy champion!