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Page 1: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Igneous RocksFormed in Rift

Igneous RocksFormed Above

Subducting Plate

Course 7 – Igneous Rocks

Page 2: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Extrusive Igneous Rock

Page 3: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Page 4: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Bowen’s Reaction Series

Page 5: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Igneous Rock Classification by Composition

Page 6: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Gabbro Basalt

Mafic Rocks

Page 7: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

AndesiteDiorite

Intermediate Rocks

Page 8: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Granite Rhyolite

Felsic Rocks

Page 9: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Peridotite Komatiite

Ultramafic Rocks

Page 10: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Ternary Diagrams

Page 11: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Modal Classification of Igneous Rocks

(foid)-bearing Trachyte

(foid)-bearing Latite

(foid)-bearing Andesite/Basalt

(Foid)ites

10

60 60

35 65

10

20 20

60 60

F

A P

Q

Rhyolite Dacite

Trachyte LatiteAndesite/Basalt

Phonolite Tephrite

Quartz-richGranitoid

9090

6060

2020Alkali Fs.Quartz Syenite

QuartzSyenite

QuartzMonzonite

QuartzMonzodiorite

Syenite Monzonite Monzodiorite

(Foid)-bearingSyenite

5

10 35 65(Foid)-bearingMonzonite

(Foid)-bearingMonzodiorite

90

Alkali Fs.Syenite

(Foid)-bearingAlkali Fs. Syenite

10

(Foid)Monzosyenite

(Foid) Syenite

(Foid)Monzodiorite

(Foi

d) G

abbr

o

Qtz. Diorite/Qtz. Gabbro

5

10

Diorite/Gabbro/Anorthosite

(Foid)-bearingDiorite/Gabbro

60

(Foid)olites

Quartzolite

Granite Grano-diorite

Tonalite

Alka

li Feld

spar

Gra

nite

Q

A P

F

60Q = Quartz

A = Alkali Feldspar

F = Feldspathoids

P = Plagioclase

VolcanicPlutonic

Page 12: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Igneous Textures

Aphanitic texture - basalt Phaneritic texture - granite

Page 13: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Porphyritic texture - Granite Volcanic Glass - Obsidian

Igneous Textures

Page 14: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Volcaniclastic Rock - Pyroclastic Flows Pegmatite

Igneous Textures

Page 15: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Summary of Igneous Rock Texture and Composition

Page 16: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Continental Large Igneous Provinces

Page 17: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Geothermal Gradient

Page 18: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Melting Temperatures (Dry Igneous Rocks)

Page 19: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Melting Temperatures (Wet Igneous Rocks)

Page 20: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Decompression melting

Page 21: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

The Role of Water

Page 22: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Magmatic Differentiation and Assimilation

Page 23: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

The Andesite Line

Page 24: Modern Concepts in Earth Science Igneous Rocks Formed in Rift Igneous Rocks Formed Above Subducting Plate Course 7 – Igneous Rocks.

Modern Concepts in Earth Science

Structure of Oceanic Crust and Formation of Ophiolites

pillow basalt

sheeted diabase dike swarms

gabbro

layered gabbro

mantle peridotite, dunite,

lherzolite, or hartzbergite.