Mobile Services – Towards SemanticsWeb Service Technologies Lecture
at University of InnsbruckD A V ZhdDr Anna V. Zhdanova
ftw. Telecommunications Research Center [email protected]@
www.sti-innsbruck.at© Copyright 2008 STI INNSBRUCK www.sti-innsbruck.at
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
219/04/2009
Mobile Service - Definition• “A radiocommunication service between mobile and land
stations or between mobile stations ” traditional shortstations, or between mobile stations. – traditional, short
“Radiocommunications services between ships aircraft• “Radiocommunications services between ships, aircraft, road vehicles, or hand-held terminal stations for use while in motion or between such stations and fixed points onin motion or between such stations and fixed points on land.” – official, by WTO
• “Any service that can be operated on a mobile device, such as both voice and data services, for example, roaming, SMS and MMS, video streaming, location-based services, etc.” – technically oriented
www.sti-innsbruck.at 3
Mobile Services vs. Web ServicesServices• Many Web Services and APIs were originally developed
with server to server or server to browser in mind notwith server to server or server to browser in mind, not mobile applications
• Mobile platforms have their own set of challenges given:Mobile platforms have their own set of challenges given:– Bandwidth– Memory and CPU Availability
S C i
Web Service
– Storage Capacity– Connectivity Options and Issues– Securityy– User Interaction and Display
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Making Mobile Services WidespreadWidespread
Mobile services have not (yet) reached the success of Web
• If mobile services are to repeat the success of the Web they• If mobile services are to repeat the success of the Web they have to be:
• simple to use• simple to use,• simple to find,• simple to trust• simple to trust,• simple to create/set up.
• These are the design goals of numerous projects, such as “SMS: Simple Mobile Services” OPUCE m:Ciudad
www.sti-innsbruck.at19/04/2009 NGMAST 2008 Page 5
SMS: Simple Mobile Services , OPUCE, m:Ciudad.
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
619/04/2009
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
719/04/2009
Networks - OverviewChallenge: Addressing ubiquity and capacity bottlenecks through co-operative networksp
Wide Area Network (WAN)- Large coverage- High cost Personal Area Network (PAN)
or
Vehicle
( )- Cable replacement- Ad-hoc connectivity- Low cost
Out
doo
Walk
2G ce
Local Area
Broadband Fixed Wireless Access
Stationary
WalkWLAN
(Hi LAN/2)
3Gcellular
ellular
Local Area Network (LAN)- Hot Spots/SOHO - High speed
Indo
or
Stationary/Desktop
Walk (HiperLAN/2)
LANBluetooth
- Moderate cost
www.sti-innsbruck.at
10001 10 1000,1
Desktop
User Bitrates (Mbps) Source: EC
Heterogeneity in Networks
Services and
g y
Services and Applications
New air interface
IP based core network
WirelinexDSL
DABDVB
Download channel
IMT-2000UMTS
WLANcellular
GSMReturn channel:Eg Hyperlan
UMTS
other
short rangeconnectivity
otherentities
There is a need for interoperation
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Bluetooth, IR, UWBSource: EC
for interoperationand convergence.
Protocol Issues
2.5G/3G Services B3G Services
Challenge: Convergence of multitude of protocols
GSM/GPRS
3G AccessNetwork
PSTN IP
Content
uniform serviceAPI (Internet+)
servicef t
2.5G/3G Radio
GPRS NetworkSecurity QoS VPN Content
Delivery
genericnetwork API
featuremodules
Low-tier services Mobile ServiceMiddleware
WLAN Services
Generic Radio Access Network
Unified IP-based mobile network
incl supportfor multihop,
IP
Ethernet
IP
3G/4G WLAN WPAN/low-
WPAN networklayer (e.g. Bluetooth)
Generic Radio Access Network
uniformradio API’s
p,mcast, etc,
WPAN radio 802.11 Radio Radio radio tier radio
Radio-specific vertically integrated systems withcomplex intetworking gateways
Radio Independent modular system architecturefor heterogeneous networks
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Today’s Wireless Systems The Futurefor heterogeneous networks
Source: EC
Evolution to IMS –How did we get there?How did we get there?
IMS is a state of the art industrial solution for supporting modern mobile services.
PSTN
3G WirelessWireless
3G wireless + IP ++
Standard Services
IPIMS
Internet W-CDMAPSTN
Circuit switched Analog
Circuit switched
Analog
– Standard Services Platform
– Converged Applications &
Internet
– VoIP
– Instant Messaging
W CDMA
GPRS/UMTS
Digital SS7 ISDN
Analog
Digital
2G (GSM
pp &Content
– Access Independence
– Web Applications
& CDMAANSI-41)
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Source: Telcordia Technologies
IMS ConceptIMS Concept What is IMS?
• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a Service Delivery Architecture
• Standardized architecture to provide Internet Protocol (IP)-based mobile and fixed multimedia
iservices• IMS architecture has evolved over the past few years• Today, IMS could allow operators who own different
types of networks with varying architectures to offer the same services to all of their customersthe same services to all of their customers
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Source: Telcordia Technologies
IMS Example: CNAM Call FlowInitiate SIP Invite1
Retrieve Subscriber Profile (if needed) 2
3 A l S i L i
7 Apply Service Logic to access IM-SSF AS
F d INVITE t CLD P t9
8 IM-SSF queries a GSM-SCF if inter-working with PLMN needed
3 Apply Service Logic
Retrieve Address of CLD Party Home Network4
Identify Registrar of CLD Party and Forward INVITE5
Retrie e S bscriber Profile6
Forward INVITE to CLD Party9
SDP Negotiation / Resource Reservation Control10
Ringing / Alerting11
Answer / Connect12
Control
Bearer
Calling PartyHome Network HSS HSSENUM
2
Retrieve Subscriber Profile6 13 Session Active
Called PartyHome Network
8SCF
LIDB/CNAM
S-CSCFSIP
Diameter
AS S-CSCF SIP IM-SSFI-CSCF
Diameter2
34
6
9
7
5
Called PartyVisited Network
Calling Party Visited Network P-CSCF
SIP
P-CSCF
SIP9
11
UE1 UE2
BackbonePacket
NetworkRANBackbone
PacketNetwork RAN
1 12
RTP Stream
10
11
RTP Stream
13
www.sti-innsbruck.at
13
Source: Telcordia TechnologiesIMS is protocol oriented and focused mainly on voice services.
Enabling Infrastructures -Industry OverviewIndustry OverviewTrends
App D
App D
Business Process Consulting Business Process Consulting and Application Developmentand Application DevelopmentIT Services and ApplicationsIT Services and Applications SS D
evD
evIT Services and ApplicationsIT Services and Applications
IT InfrastructureIT InfrastructureSI’sSI’s
OO
Communications ApplicationsCommunications ApplicationsCommunication Services Integration Communication Services Integration
and Managementand Management
CC
OEM
sO
EMs
and Managementand ManagementSecure Application OptimizationSecure Application Optimization
N t kiN t ki
CLEC
CLEC
Carriers
Carriers
NetworkingNetworkingLegacy Core ServicesLegacy Core Services
Cs
Csss
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Industry is converging in parallel with technologyIndustry is converging in parallel with technologySource: Verizon, 2007
Telecommunications Landscape Industry EvolutionLandscape Industry Evolution
Source: Verizon, 2007„Layering“ in telecommunications industries
oice
oice
trex
trex Vo
ice
Voic
e
00
VoIPVoIPHostingHosting Call CenterCall CenterServicesServicesStovepipedStovepiped ModularModular
LD V
oLD
Vo
Cen
tC
ent
Loca
l VLo
cal V 8080 SecuritySecurity
VoicemailVoicemail
StorageStorage
PresencePresence
MessagingMessagingVerticalVerticalLow ValueLow Value
HorizontalHorizontalHighHigh--valuevalue
CDMACDMAIPIP TDTDMM
NetworkNetwork
ee LimitedLimited NumerousNumerous
WiFiWiFi
IPIP
MPLSMPLSIMSIMSFram
eFr
ame
ATM
ATM
TDM
TDM RegulatedRegulated
DisparateDisparateNonNon--regulatedregulatedConvergedConverged
WirelessWireless WiredWired
DeviceDeviceDesk phone/Desk phone/ MobileMobileSIP PhoneSIP Phone
LimitedLimited NumerousNumerous
www.sti-innsbruck.at
ppTerminalTerminal
PDAPDAPCPCLimited Limited
Single functionSingle functionNumerous Numerous MultiMulti--functionfunction
RFID Technology –IntroductionIntroduction• Radio Frequency Identification - means to
efficiently and quickly auto-identify objects, people, etc.
• Real time tracking of inventory in the• Real-time tracking of inventory in the supply chain
• RFID tag – tiny computer chip with very g y p p ysmall antenna – passive/active
• The chip contain Electronic product code (EPC) i l id tif th bj t(EPC) – uniquely identify the object
• The antenna transmits EPC to RFID reader – within a certain RF rangereader within a certain RF range, without requiring line-of-site
www.sti-innsbruck.at 16
RFID Technology - Properties
• Advantages:rough conditions– rough conditions,
– long read ranges,portable databases– portable databases,
– multiple tag read/write,t ki it i l ti– tracking items in real-time
• Results:– quick scanning of products in large bulks,– automated supply chain management– significant savings– accuracy of shipment sent and received,
www.sti-innsbruck.at
– check on product theft, counterfeiting, product recall, ...17
Mobile RFID technology• Vision of automatic identification and ubiquitous
computing Internet of things“computing – „Internet of things– highly connected network
dispersed devices objects items can communicate– dispersed devices, objects, items can communicate each other
– real-time information about objects location– real-time information about objects, location, contents, destination, ambient conditions
– efficient and easy M2M identification communicationefficient and easy M2M identification, communication and decision-making
• Handheld portable devices – mobile phones, PDAs –p p ,behaves as RFID readers and tags– conventional RFID closer to common user
www.sti-innsbruck.at 18
Smartphone Operating Systems LandscapeSystems Landscape
iPhone OS (Apple) BlackBerry OS (RIM)Window Mobile
(Microsoft) Android (Google) Symbian (Nokia)
Platform • Closed • Closed • Open • Open • Open
Source Code • Closed • Closed • Closed • Open • Open (in future)
Q2 WW Market Share (G t )
• 2.8% (1) • 17.4% • 12.0% • n/a • 57.1%Share (Gartner)
Smartphone traffic share (AdMob)
• WW: 4%• US: 16%
• WW: 11%• US: 31%
• WW: 13%• US: 29%
• n/a • WW: 64%• US: 2%
Pros • Early momentum • Strong reach • Manufacturer / • Manufacturer / • Massive global • Data hungry early adopters
• Powerful distribution channel
(particularly in US) carrier agnostic carrier agnostic• Open source innovation
reach• Open source innovation
channel
Issues • Apple dependant • BB dependent • Distribution
• Distribution • Late to market• Uncertain consumer demand
• Limited reach in US• Distribution
Application ecosystem
• >3K apps (~20% free)
• More than 1M installs in only a few months
• Fewer free apps• BB Application Center being developed for Storm
• >18K apps• Skymarket to launch in 2009
• Android Market announced
• $3.8MM awarded in Developer Challenge
• >10K apps• Claims >90MM installs over last 2 years
www.sti-innsbruck.at
few months Storm Challenge
19
Notes: 1. Artificially low given the wait for the 3G iPhone (5.3% market share in Q1)Source: Shasta Ventures, 2008
Types of Mobile Services (Software)(Software)
• Information and entertainment services & Traditional WAP/SMS/MMS Services
•Peer to peer communicationsP2P SMS/MMS
Premium Rate Services
applications•Example: ringtones, pictures, wallpapers, logos, news, weather, sport, games, finance, directory, horoscopes
•Not regulated
•Peer to peer communications•Not regulated
•Voice or facsimile calls to the 190x number rangeRegulated by: TISSC Self Regulatory Scheme
•SMS and MMS calls to the 19x number range (e.g.
Premium Rate Services Not regulated
•Music, video, TV services, games, lifestyle, sport, news and info, guide and directories, user generated
Portal/Walled Garden and 3Gg ( g
competition entries and voting for interactive TV) -Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
• Telephone sex services –Regulated by: Part 9A of TCPSSA 1999
user generated•Age restricted services e.g. Planet 3’s “Premier”•Example: mobisodes, video clips, BigBrother live footage, music videos
•Regulated by:Regulated by: Part 9A of TCPSSA 1999
Ch t i ( F t Fli ti PInteractive Communications Services
Regulated by:Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
•Stored contentMobile Internet
•Chat services (e.g. Fast Flirting, Power Chat), Instant messaging (e.g. MSN, Yahoo!)Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA)
Stored contentSchedule 5 BSA and IIA Code. Flagged in convergent devices review
•Ephemeral/live content – e.g. streaming videoNot Regulated (BigBrother)
Mobile TV
www.sti-innsbruck.atTelstra in confidence
20
•Location Based Services (Sensis mobile); Push to talkFlagged for regulation in convergent devices review.
•Regulated by: Mobile Premium Services Determination (ACMA) and BSA
Mobile TV
Waves of ApplicationsM lti di
yMobile Multimedia:• Instant Interactive multimedia• Video Messaging / Streaming
MultimediaM
atur
ity
Personalized Services:
• Video Messaging / Streaming• Enriched Personalized Services
ervi
ce M • Instant Messaging/MMS
• Infotainment• Location Based Services• m Commerce
Dat
a Se Enhanced Mobile Browsing:
•Internet •Intranet/Extranet
UMTS is Perceivedas a continuum from
2.5G
UMTS is Perceivedas a continuum from
2.5G
Mob
ile
SimpleText Messaging (SMS)Internet Browsing (WAP)
2.5G -Richer Content
-Better User Experience
2.5G -Richer Content
-Better User Experience
GPRSGSM
Internet Browsing (WAP)
UMTS
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Source: Nortel networks
Terminals Diversityy
• Open apps to terminals model• Diversity to suit all market segments• New Capabilities
Learn from WAP and GPRS Errors!• Learn from WAP and GPRS Errors!
Panasonic-SGH T100 WAP
Motorola T720Email, EMSWAP, Colour Screen
T100 WAP, Colour Screen, 87 gram
Mit bi hi M dHiptop16MbMitsbishi –Mondo
Mobile phone & PDA, Windows CE applicationsSize 130 x 90 x 23mmWeight 200g
Palm- Treo $ 29916Mb memoryEmail, calendar…
16Mb memoryEmail, calendar, camera optional
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Value Add comes from Content and ApplicationsTerminals are just the mediatorSource: Nortel networks
Trend: Data Applications MarketData Applications Market
• Key to successful data offering:– Appropriate Applications to Terminals Pairing– Culture, evolution of past user experiences– Business Model : Content players need to be motivated
to join the value chain (Open APIs, revenue sharing, etc )etc.)
– Applications diversity - New service capabilities in order to enrich the offer: MMS & Location based Services
– Aggressive offering critical to take off
Need : Open Systems (e.g. J2ME), Attractive Pricing, Customised & Terminal Variety
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Source: Nortel networks
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
2419/04/2009
End-User Empowerment in Converging Service Platforms (1)Converging Service Platforms (1)• Redefining the role of Telco: from access to service providerg p
– Enabling new business models (e.g. «prosumers» vs. consumers)
• Inter domain aspects: service provisioning inter working• Inter-domain aspects: service provisioning, inter-working
Integration with the (Semantic) teg at o t t e (Se a t c)Web is inevitable for having a
common large information pool
• Make services intelligent and easier to use (assist users)Semantically enabled smart user interfaces
www.sti-innsbruck.at 2519/04/2009
End-User Empowerment in Converging Service Platforms (2)Converging Service Platforms (2)• Hiding complexity and heterogeneity
T ki b fit f i ti i t f i t k d– Taking benefit of existing variety of services, networks and devices
• Opening platform capabilities to 3rd partiesOpening platform capabilities to 3rd parties• Support multi-vendor, multi-technology middleware platforms
Ontology technology is built to handle heterogeneity and variety
• Provide services timely: accelerate creation & delivery of services
Creation, discovery, composition of enablers andy
– Fast service creation– Reduce time-to-marketfor new services
composition of enablers and services is accelerated on the basis of shared ontologies &
semantic techniques
www.sti-innsbruck.at
for new services
2619/04/2009
semantic techniques
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
2719/04/2009
Mobile Ontology Vocabulary
project
22 organisa-tions
ca. 12M Euro budget
www.sti-innsbruck.at 2819/04/2009
Mobile Ontology Initiative
• The initiative: http://ontology.ist-spice.org – for the whole SPICE project and beyond, partially
standardised by Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)
www.sti-innsbruck.at
standardised by Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)• Used ontology languages: RDF/S, OWL
2919/04/2009
Service Platform ArchitectureSPICESPICE
Layering on the service platform layer, includes IMS.
Exposure LayerExposure Layer
3rd Party Service Execution EnvironmentTerminal Pl tf
Exposure LayerExposure Layer
3rd Party Service Execution EnvironmentTerminal Pl tf Exposure LayerPlatform
Value added services layerValue added services layerSPICE Service Execution Environment
Exposure LayerPlatform
Value added services layerValue added services layerSPICE Service Execution Environment
yComposite components and orchestration
Knowledge layerBrokers, Mediators, Reasoners
Knowledge layerKnowledge sources
y yComposite components and orchestration
Knowledge layerBrokers, Mediators, Reasoners
Knowledge layerKnowledge sources
y
Capabilities & Enablers
Component service layerSPICE components and component support
Capabilities & Enablers
Component service layerSPICE components
Capabilities & Enablers
Component service layerSPICE components and component support
Capabilities & Enablers
Component service layerSPICE components
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS clientBrowser
Basic OS supportThird partycomponents
Various repositories, including profiles, credentials, ACLs,
SLA
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS System
Legacy systems
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS clientBrowser
Basic OS supportThird partycomponents
Various repositories, including profiles, credentials, ACLs,
SLA
Capabilities & Enablers
IMS System
Legacy systems
www.sti-innsbruck.at
SLAsSLAs
3019/04/2009
Mobile Ontology –How People ContributedHow People Contributed
100 ontology initiators
8090
100
sub ontology
506070
sub-ontologyinitiators
304050 independent
ontologycontributors
102030
ontologycontributors
i i i t0
participants in specific
requiring assistance
ontology users andminor contributors
www.sti-innsbruck.at
roles, in % minor contributors
19/04/2009
31
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
3219/04/2009
Example for Policies
www.sti-innsbruck.at 33
Motivation: Why Edit Policies?End User Perspective • Personal data and identity managment y g
– „Who is watching me?“, e.g., choose to whom you want to reveal your location and presence and to y pwhom not
• Policy awareness, acceptance/rejection– „What is going on?“, „Why?“, e.g., learn about
government, finance, legal, business procedures
Organizational Perspective• Policy management
– „Define, set, communicate, share policies“, e.g.,
www.sti-innsbruck.at
conditions of selling a service at a WWW marketplace
34
Policy Acquisition Tool: ArchitectureArchitecture
www.sti-innsbruck.at 35
Eshop Policy Modelling ExampleExample
“We might receive information about you from other sources and add it to our account information “add it to our account information.
Maria a :Customer.
Eshop a :Eshop.
External_Information_about_Maria a :External Customer Information.:External Customer Information.
Marias_Account_at_Eshop a :Eshop_Customer_Account.
{{
Maria :has Marias_Account_at_Eshop.
Eshop :receives External_Information_about_Maria
}
=> {External_Information_about_Maria :is_added_to Marias Account at Eshop}
www.sti-innsbruck.at
Marias Account at Eshop}
36
Policy Acquisition Tool (PAT): StartingStarting
www.sti-innsbruck.at 37
PAT: Condition Editing
www.sti-innsbruck.at 38
PAT: New Sentence Added
www.sti-innsbruck.at 39
PAT: Rule Construction is CompletedPAT: Rule Construction is Completed
www.sti-innsbruck.at 40
Policy Creation - Evaluation
User‐driven policy modelingp y g
Logically correctly and completely modeled
• 2 case
p ypolicies (49%)
Logically correctly but incompletely modeled 2 case
studies• 10 test
p ypolicies (41%)
Logically incorrectly modeled policies (10%)• 10 test
subjects• more than 200 rule modeling solutions produced and checked
p ( )
• more than 200 rule modeling solutions produced and checked for correctness
• a human observer at the test-site
www.sti-innsbruck.at
a human observer at the test site • questionnaires after the tests
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
4219/04/2009
m:Ciudad - Vision
• m:Ciudad, a step forward in Mobile User-generated Content gand Services. A service infrastructure for the mobile platform for:
I h i i d Instantaneous, on-the-go service creation and provision. The mobile user as a prosumer:producer, provider and consumer of services and their associated contents.
Sensor-based(p.e.
TrafficJam Fixed-mobile service convergence in a wide
sense: one worldwide user-powered content network.
Efficient context utilization Automatic /
TrafficJam) My Likes
(p.e. CoolClub)
Authoring(p.e.
mBlog)
MobileUser-
Efficient context utilization. Automatic / manual context-aware content generation and publication.
Discovery, access and mobile-to-mobile i ti i di t ib t d l til
MyPersonal
MyAgents(p.e.
ShoppingAssistant)
MyServices,
MyGames,
etc.
GeneratedServices
communication in a very distributed, volatile platform (such as the mobile one, with the service “not-always-on” paradigm).
m:Ciudad micro services
Personal Data (p.e. MyCollecti
ons)
www.sti-innsbruck.at43
m:Ciudad micro-services
m:Ciudad –Research ChallengesResearch Challenges
Ontology template-based service creation; (inter-user service composition from worldwide available services).
Service deployment; viral service advertising; service
ServiceCreation
On-the-move
ServicePublication
ServiceDescription
sharing; service taxonomy, service usage policies.
Event-based content capturing (context-aware); Local and remote content & context tools; automatic tagging; content taxonomies
Publication
Filli
pLanguage
content taxonomies.
Semantic / fuzzy search; distributed recommendation; user-term driven service/content search. Translation from folksonomy to service ontology.
Filling Contents
& TaggingAccounting & Billing
IMS role; SIM/USIM role; seamless roaming treatment; QoS; Security.
Service execution environments; service business
User Experienc
e, incl.
Search & DiscoverContents
models; service business protection, rich user interfacing.
Business models, privacy, identification, dynamic billing.
Access & Connect
,trust
www.sti-innsbruck.at44
m:Ciudad – Underlying Magic
N E TService
hUser
managementN E TW O R K
warehouse
Knowledgewarehouse
management
Oper
Execu Srating S
y
tion Envi
Services
ServiceCapabilities
T E RM I
N A L
ystem
ironment CapabilitiesManagement
N A L
www.sti-innsbruck.at45
t Management
„What is a microservice?“
• Logic• Metadata• „Meta-metadata“• Content
(Parameters, I t ti ti )Instantiation)
• Presentation
„Exposable“ parts d ll dare modelled
semantically
www.sti-innsbruck.at46
Microservices: Architectural Building BlocksBuilding Blocks
mCiudad Framework / PlatformFramework / Platform
Authentication, (policy-based) access control
Group mgmt
Authoring/ composition toolkit
Service Exec Env (Browser ?)
Notification Service
AccountingRule / Policy controller
Service publisher +
access control
My Service M t li
KnowWare
Media storage
persistant
controller
Serv lifecycle / State Mgr
publisher +Metadata creation ServWare
and components access rights/certifcates
pre-condition/policy enforcement Service Search &
di
Metropolis (registry ?)
Search engine
Ontology parsing engine
DB
asynchronous push/pull
SDL conformance user # limitation
service state (active/busy/comm) sleep/resume, TTL event log
discovery
Data Context & fil
GPS
CapabilitiesService availability tracker
Recommender / relevance ranking
Messagingy p p
P2P pipe/flow/syndication notification mgmt
Flow Mgr
profile managersensors
www.sti-innsbruck.at47
g
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
4819/04/2009
Policies: Dilbert Example
www.sti-innsbruck.at 49
Policies: Eshop Example
Policy Acquisition
Tool
Marialikes to shop,likes special offers,
Ehop managerworks for a Eshop,creates Eshop policies and
i hp
does not like to disclose her personal data
communicates them to customers,applies Eshop policies for userprofile management
www.sti-innsbruck.at 50
Microservices Scenario: Traffic Jam KillerMotivation:
Traffic Jam Killer
Share knowledge about the fluidity of about the fluidity of the traffic and presence of mobile presence of mobile radars with friends.
www.sti-innsbruck.at51
Microservices Scenario: Friends LocatorMotivation:
Friends LocatorMotivation:
Locate friends, position them position them and show on a mapmap.
www.sti-innsbruck.at52
Scenarios Combined with Current RFID Application AreasCurrent RFID Application Areas
• Transport and logisticstoll management tracking of goods– toll management, tracking of goods, …
• Security and access control– tracking people, controlling access to restricted areas
• Supply chain management– item tagging, theft-prevention, product life cycle, …
• Medical and pharmaceutical applications• Medical and pharmaceutical applications– identification and location of staff and patients, asset tracking,
counterfeit protection for drugs, …M f t i d i• Manufacturing and processing– streamlining assembly line process, …
• Agricultureg– tracking of animals, quality control, …
• Public sector, governmentt d i ’ li lib t
www.sti-innsbruck.at
– passports, driver’s licenses, library systems, …
53
Outline
• Introduction• Enabling Mobile Technologies: Network layer, IMS,
RFID, Service Platforms• Why: Support of Convergent Heterogeneous
Environments and End-User EmpowermentH E bli U D i S ti• How: Enabling User-Driven Semantics– Mobile Ontology and Knowledge Layer in Service
PlatformsPlatforms– User-Generated Policies
User Generated Mobile Microservices– User-Generated Mobile Microservices• What: Motivating Scenarios
C l i
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• Conclusions
5419/04/2009
ConclusionsThank you for the attention.
Starbucks comes from America (and there are several ones in Vienna!).
Many would agree that coffee is better in Austria than in the USin Austria than in the US. Why wait till somebody else empowers end‐users with semantic mobile services in the converging
world?world?
Questions?
www.sti-innsbruck.at 55
References (URIs)• IETF: http://www.ietf.org• IETF RFC: http://www rfc editor org/rfcsearch html• IETF RFC: http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfcsearch.html
– Link to IETF specifications relevant for IMS• 3GPP: http://www 3gpp org/specs/specs htm• 3GPP: http://www.3gpp.org/specs/specs.htm• 3GPP2: http://www.3gpp2.org/Public_ html/specs• m:Ciudad project: http:// www mciudad-fp7 orgm:Ciudad project: http:// www.mciudad fp7.org• SPICE project: http://www.ist-spice.org• FTW: http://www.ftw.atp
IETF = Internet Engineering Task Force
www.sti-innsbruck.at56
IETF Internet Engineering Task ForceRFC = Request for Comments3GPP (and further abbreviations) – see Appendix of the slides
References (Books and Papers)(Books and Papers)
C ill G G i M ti M A “Th 3G IP M lti di S b t M i th• Camarillo, G., Garcia-Martin, M.A. “The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem: Merging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds”, 381 p., John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2004).
• Villalonga, C., Strohbach, M., Snoeck, N., Sutterer, M., Belaunde, M., Kovacs, E., Zhdanova A V Goix L W Droegehorn O "Mobile Ontology: Towards aZhdanova, A.V., Goix, L.W., Droegehorn, O. Mobile Ontology: Towards a Standardized Semantic Model for the Mobile Domain". In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Telecom Service Oriented Architectures (TSOA 2007) at the 5th International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing, 17 September 2007, Vienna, Austria, Springer (2007).
• Davies, M., Gil, G., Maknavicius, L., Narganes, M., Urdiales, D., Zhdanova, A.V. "m:Ciudad: An Infrastructure for Creation and Sharing of End User Generated Microservices" In Proceedings of the Poster and Demonstration Track at the 1stMicroservices . In Proceedings of the Poster and Demonstration Track at the 1st Future Internet Symposium, 28-30 September 2008, Vienna, Austria (2008).
• Zhdanova, A.V., Zeiss, J., Dantcheva, A., Gabner, R., Bessler, S. “A Semantic Policy Management Environment for End-Users and its Empirical Study”.Policy Management Environment for End Users and its Empirical Study . Networked Knowledge - Networked Media: Integrating Knowledge Management, New Media Technologies and Semantic Systems (Eds.: Schaffert, S., Tochtermann, K., Auer, S., Pellegrini, T.), Springer Verlag (2009).
www.sti-innsbruck.at 57
Appendix: IMS White Paper AcronymsAcronyms
• 3G Third Generation• 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project• 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2• AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting, g• AMF Account Management Function• ANI Application-to-Network Interface• ANSI American National Standards Institute• API Application Programming Interfacepp g g• AS Application Server• ASN Abstract Syntax Notation• ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions• ATM Asynchronous Transfer Modey• ATP Acceptance Test Plan• AUC Authentication Center• BGCF Breakout Gateway Control Function• BT British Telecom• CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network
Enhanced Logic• CAP CAMEL Application Part• CBF Charging and Billing Function
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• CCF Charging Collection Function• CDF Charging Data Function• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
Appendix: IMS White Paper AcronymsAcronyms
• CDR Charging Data Records• CGF Charging Gateway Function• CLEC Competitive LEC• CN Core Network• COPS Common Open Policy Service• CPE Customer Premises Equipment• CS Circuit-switched• CSCF Call Session Control Function• CTIA Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association• DB Database• DHLR Distributed Home Location Register• DIAMETER AAA or HSS protocol; successor/upgrade of RADIUS• DMS Dual Mode Services• DNS Domain Name System• DSL Digital Subscriber Line• E9-1-1 Emergency Services• ECF Event Charging Function• EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution• EIA Electronics Industry Association• ENUM Telephone Number Mapping• GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node• GPRS General Packet Radio Service• GSA Global Mobile Suppliers Association
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• GSM Global System for Mobile Communication• HLR Home Location Register• HSS Home Subscriber Server
Appendix: IMS White Paper AcronymsAcronyms
• HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol• I-CSCF Interrogating Call Session Control Function
IETF I t t E i i T k F• IETF Internet Engineering Task Force• IM Instant Messaging• IM-SSF IP Multimedia Services Switching Function• IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
IMS MGW IMS M di G t F ti• IMS-MGW IMS Media Gateway Function• IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications 2000• IN Intelligent Networks• IP Internet Protocol
IP CAN IP C ti it A N t k• IP-CAN IP Connectivity Access Network• IPDR Internet Protocol Detail Record• IPsec IP Security• IPv4 IP Version 4
IPv6 IP Version 6• IPv6 IP Version 6• ISC IMS Service Control• ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network• ISG Intelligent Services Gateway
ISO International Organization for Standards• ISO International Organization for Standards• ISUP ISDN User Part• IT Information Technology• LAN Local Area Network• LEC Local Exchange Carrier
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• LEC Local Exchange Carrier• LNP Local Number Portability• MAP Mobile Application Part• MCS Multimedia Communications Server
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• MEGACO Media Gateway Control (protocol)• MGCF Media Gateway Control Function• MGF Media Gateway Function
Acronyms
• MGIF Mobile Gaming Interoperability Forum• MGW Media gateway• MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching• MRF Media Resource Function• MRFC Media Resource Function Controller• MRFP Media Resource Function Processor• MSF Multiservice Switching Forum• MSO Multi-Service Operator• MTP Message Transfer Part• NAI Network Access Identifier• NANP North American Numbering Plan• NE Network Element• NGN Next Generation Network• NNI Network Node Interface• OAM&P Operations, Administration, Maintenance and
ProvisioningOCF O li Ch i F ti• OCF Online Charging Function
• OCS Online Charging System• OMA Open Mobile Alliance• OSA Open Service Access
OSI O S t I t ti
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• OSI Open Systems Interconnection• OSS Operations Support System• PC Policy Controller• P-CSCF Proxy Call Session Control Function
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• PDA Personal Digital Assistant• PDF Policy Decision Function
Acronyms
• PDS Packet Data Subsystem• PDSN Packet Data Service Node• POTS Plain Old Telephone Service• PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network• PLMN Public land Mobile Network• QoS Quality of Service• RAN Radio Access Network• RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service• RF Rating Function• RTP Real-Time Transport Protocol• RTCP RTP Control Protocol• SBC Session Border Controller• SCCP Signaling Connection Control Part• SCF Session Charging Function • SCIM Service Capability Interaction Manager• SCP Service Control Point• S-CSCF Serving Call Session Control Function• S-CSCF Serving CSCF• SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol• SCF Service Control Function
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• SCP Service Control Point• SCS Service Capability Server• SDO Standards Development Organization• SDP Session Description Protocol
Appendix: IMS White Paper Acronyms
• SGF Signaling Gateway Function• SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
AcronymsSGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
• SGW Signaling Gateway• SIGTRAN Signaling Transport• SIP Session Initiation Protocol• SLA Service Level AgreementSLA Service Level Agreement• SLF Subscriber Locator Function• SMS Short Message Service• SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol• SOA Service Oriented ArchitectureSOA Service Oriented Architecture• SS7 Signaling System 7• SSL Secure Sockets Layer• SSF Service Switching Function• SSP Service Switching PointSSP Service Switching Point• TAS Telephony Application Serer• TBCP Talk Burst Control Protocol • TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part• TCP Transmission Control ProtocolTCP Transmission Control Protocol• TDM Time Division Multiplexing• TIA Telecommunications Industry Association• TSG-CT TSG Core Network and Terminals (3GPP)• TSG-GERAN TSG GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (3GPP)
www.sti-innsbruck.at
TSG GERAN TSG GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (3GPP)• TSG-RAN TSG Radio Access Network (3GPP)• TSG-SA TSG Service and System Aspects (3GPP)• UDP User Datagram Protocol
Appendix: IMS White Paper AcronymsAcronyms
• UE User Equipment• UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System• UNI User-to-Network Interface• URI Universal Resource Identifier• URL Uniform Resource Locator• UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access• UWB Ultra-Wideband• VCC Voice Call Continuity• VoIP Voice over IP• VPN Virtual Private Network• VSP Virtual Service Provider• WCIT World Conference on International Telecommunications• WIN Wireless Intelligent Network• WG Working Group• WiFi 802.11x wireless technology• WiMAX 802.16x wireless technology• WIN Wireless Intelligent Network• WLAN Wireless LAN• WTSC Wireless Technologies and Systems Committee (ATIS)
www.sti-innsbruck.at
• xDSL Variations of DSL
Top Related