MIDDLES AGES
• WHEN DID THE MIDDLE AGES BEGIN?• WHEN DID THE MIDDLES AGES END?• WHAT EVENT MARKS THE BEGINNING OF THE MIDDLE
AGES?• WHAT EVENT MARKS THE END OF THE MIDDLE AGES?• WHAT CIVILISATIONS EXISTED IN SPAIN IN THE MIDDLE
AGES?• WHAT RELIGIONS EXISTED IN SPAIN IN THE MIDDLE
AGES?
Caliph of Damascus
In a.d. 929: Abd al-Rahman III…
INDEPENDENT
He proclaimed himself Caliph and established the Caliphate of Córdoba
THE RECONQUEST. 1º Stage In AD 722, don Pelayo, ruler of the Kingdom of Asturias defeated the Muslim army at the Battle of Covadonga.
Don Pelayo
THE RECONQUEST. 2º Stage
In the 11th century, Al-Andalus was divided
into small states called taifas (they where always in conflict).
Taifas‘ states
Christians were also divided in different kingdoms.
In 1085, Alfonso VI, King of Castilla, conquered Toledo.
THE RECONQUEST. 3º Stage
The kingdoms of Aragon, Castilla, Navarra and Portugal defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa.
1º. Soon, Fernando III (king of Castilla) conquered Sevilla, and Cordoba.
2º. At the same time, Jaime I (king of Aragón) conquered Valencia and Balearic Islands.
THE RECONQUEST. 4º Stage
In 1469, king Fernando II of Aragón and queen Isabel I of Castilla married and united their two kingdoms creating an Powerful Christian kingdom.
In 1492, the Christians finally conquered the Kingdom of Granada.
Catholic monarchs (Reyes Católicos)
FEUDALISM
FIEF
Clergy (religious people): priest, monks, nuns. They lived in monateries and
convents
MEDIEVAL CITIESTown hall: is a bulding used for carrying on town’s business
Fortified gateways: entrances or places used for entering or leaving the city
Main square: market and fairs took place
-Streets were narrow
-Wooden houses (fire expansion/spread)
-No running water-No sewage system
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