Microsoft® Official Course
Module 2
Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services
Module Overview
Overview of AD DS
Overview of Domain Controllers• Installing a Domain Controller
Lesson 1: Overview of AD DS
Overview of AD DS
What Are AD DS Domains?
What Are OUs?
What Is an AD DS Forest?•What Is the AD DS Schema?
Overview of AD DS
Physical components Logical components
• Data store
• Domain controllers
• Global catalog server
• RODC
• Partitions
• Schema
• Domains
• Domain trees
• Forests
• Sites
• OUs
AD DS is composed of both physical and logical components
What Are AD DS Domains?
• AD DS requires one or more domain controllers
• All domain controllers hold a copy of the domain database which is continually synchronized
• The domain is the context within which user, group, and computer accounts are created
• The domain is a replication boundary
• An administrative center for configuring and managing objects
• Any domain controller can authenticate any logon in the domain
What Are OUs?
Organizational Units• Containers that can be used
to group objects within a domain
• Create OUs to:• Delegate administrative
permissions• Apply Group Policy
What Is an AD DS Forest?
adatum.com
Tree Root Domain
Forest Root Domain
atl.adatum.com
fabrikam.com
What Is the AD DS Schema?
The Active Directory schema acts as a blueprint for AD DS by defining the attributes and object classes such as:• Attributes• objectSID• sAMAccountName• location• manager• department
• Classes• User• Group• Computer• Site
Lesson 2: Overview of Domain Controllers
What Is a Domain Controller?
What Is the Global Catalog?
The AD DS Logon Process
Demonstration: Viewing the SRV Records in DNS•What Are Operations Masters?
What Is a Domain Controller?
Domain Controllers
• Servers that host the Active Directory database (NTDS.DIT) and SYSVOL
• Kerberos authentication service and KDC services perform authentication
• Best practices:• Availability: At least two domain controllers
in a domain• Security: RODC and BitLocker
What Is the Global Catalog?
Domain BDomain B
Domain ADomain A
ConfigurationConfiguration
SchemaSchema
Domain ADomain A
ConfigurationConfiguration
SchemaSchema
Domain BDomain B
ConfigurationConfiguration
SchemaSchema
Domain BDomain B
ConfigurationConfiguration
SchemaSchema
Global catalog:Hosts a partial attribute set for other domains in the forestSupports queries for objects throughout the forest
Global catalog server
The AD DS Logon Process
DC1
SVR1WKS1
The AD DS logon process:
1.User Account is authenticated to DC1
2.DC1 returns TGT back to client
3.Client uses TGT to apply for access to WKS1
4.DC1 grants access to WKS1
5.Client uses TGT to apply for access to SVR1
6.DC1 returns access to SVR1
Demonstration: Viewing the SRV Records in DNS
• In this demonstration, you will see how to use DNS Manager to view SRV records
What Are Operations Masters?
In any multimaster replication topology, some operations must be single master
Many terms are used for single master operations inAD DS, including the following:• Operations master (or operations master roles)
• Single master roles• FSMOs
Roles• Forest:
• Domain naming master
• Schema master
• Domain:• RID master• Infrastructure master
• PDC Emulator master
Lesson 3: Installing a Domain Controller
Installing a Domain Controller from Server Manager
Installing a Domain Controller on a Server Core Installation of Windows Server 2012
Upgrading a Domain Controller• Installing a Domain Controller by Using Install from Media
Installing a Domain Controller from Server Manager
Installing a Domain Controller on a Server Core Installation of Windows Server 2012
Use the dcpromo /unattend:”D:\answerfile.txt” command to perform the unattended installation. The following is an example of text from the answer file:[DCINSTALL]UserName=<The administrative account in the domain of the new domain controller>UserDomain=<The name of the domain of the new domain controller> Password=<The password for the UserName account> SiteName=<The name of the AD DS site in which this domain controller will reside> This site must be created in advance in the Dssites.msc snap-in.ReplicaOrNewDomain=replica ReplicaDomainDNSName=<The fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the domain in which you want to add an additional domain controller>DatabasePath="<The path of a folder on a local volume>" LogPath="<The path of a folder on a local volume>" SYSVOLPath="<The path of a folder on a local volume>" InstallDNS=yes ConfirmGC=yes SafeModeAdminPassword=<The password for an offline administrator account> RebootOnCompletion=yes
Upgrading a Domain Controller
Options to upgrade AD DS to Windows Server 2012:
• In place upgrade (from Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2)• Benefit: Except for the prerequisite checks, all the files
and programs stay in-place and there is no additional work required
• Watch for: May leave legacy files and DLLs
• Introduce a new Windows Server 2012 server into the domain and promote it to be a domain controller• This option is the usually the preferred choice• Benefit: Result is a new server with no accumulated
files and settings• Watch for: May need additional work to migrate users’
file settings
Installing a Domain Controller by Using Install from Media
Lab: Installing Domain Controllers
Exercise 1: Installing a Domain Controller•Exercise 2: Installing a Domain Controller by
Using IFM
Logon InformationVirtual machines 20410B‑LON‑DC1 (start first)
20410B‑LON‑SVR120410B‑LON‑RTR20410B‑LON‑SVR2
User name Adatum\Administrator
Password Pa$$w0rdEstimated Time: 45 minutes
Lab Scenario
A. Datum Corporation is a global engineering and manufacturing company with a head office based in London, England. An IT office and a data center are located in London to support the London location and other locations. A. Datum has recently deployed a Windows Server 2012 infrastructure with Windows 8 clients.
You have been asked by your manager to install a new domain controller in the data center to improve logon performance. You have been asked also to create a new domain controller for a branch office by using IFM.
Lab Review
Why did you use Server Manager and not dcpromo.exe when you promoted a server to be a domain controller?
What are the three operations masters found in each domain?
What are the two operations masters that are present in a forest?•What is the benefit of performing an Install From Media (IFM) install of a domain controller?
Module Review and Takeaways
•Review Questions
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