METALS
Types, Properties and Production
FFD 301 Furniture Design By Ertan Demirkan 2012
Manufacturing Processes
All manufacturing processes can be classified into seven types:
1. Casting and Molding 2. Forming and Shearing 3. Machining (material removal) Chip-making Chipless Heat cutting 4. Heat treating 5. Finishing 6. Assembly 7. Inspection
Manufacturing Methods
Types of Metals
Metals
Ferrous Nonferrous Powdered Metallurgy
Cast Iron Teapot
Forged Iron Table Forged Iron Chair
Steel Coffe Table Tool Steel (hi-alloy) Swords
Steel Armchair
Aluminium Table (sheet top, cast foot)
Aluminium Folding Chair (tube structure) Aluminium accessories (cast)
Gold cabinet(sheet top, cast foot)
Gold Plated Mirror
Silver Urns
Silver Embossed Chest
Silver Ring
Chrome plated water tap Chrome plated furniture parts
Chrome plated car
Nickel plated gun
Platinum diamond ring
Titanium plated watches Tin boxes
How to Form Metal
Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding
Casting: -A mold is prepared with the pattern (model of the object) - Melted metal is poured into the mold. - When it gets cold, object is taken off and finishings are made. Molding: -A mold is prepared (usually from a harder and temperature resistant metal -steel-) - Metal granules or heated metal (not melted-fluid) is injected and pressured into the mold. - Heat treatment under pressure is applied to the mold. - When it gets cold, object is taken off and finishings are made.
Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding
Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding
Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding
Furniture accessories (legs, handles, knobs, etc.)
Furniture parts
Liquid State Forming - Casting and Molding
Furniture produced by Casting
Plastic State Forming
Plastic State Forming is a forming operation on a solid bar of metal, at elevated temperature, but below critical or melting temperature. The aim of this operation is not only to shape the material, but also to control the grain structure, so the strength of the formed part is enhanced.
Plastic State Forming - Rolling
Plastic State Forming – Forging (Drop forging)
Plastic State Forming – Forging
Plastic State Forming – Drawn Wire
Plastic State Forming – Direct Extrusion
Plastic State Forming – Direct Extrusion
Plastic State Forming – Direct Extrusion
Extruded (aluminium) profiles
Plastic State Forming – Direct Extrusion
Extruded (aluminium) parts in furniture
Plastic State Forming – Extrusion
Extruded (aluminium) parts in furniture
Plastic State Forming – Impact Extrusion
Solid State Forming
Solid State Forming – Wire and Tube Bending
Solid State Forming – Wire and Tube Bending
Eames, Eiffel Chair Harry Bertoia, Wire Chair
Solid State Forming – Wire and Tube Bending
Solid State Forming – Wire and Tube Bending
Solid State Forming – Roll Bending (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Roll Bending (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Die Bending (Press Brake - sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Spinning (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Spinning (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Drawing and Deep Drawing (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Punching (sheet metal)
Solid State Forming – Shearing (sheet metal)
Chip Forming Cutting - Machining
Chip Forming Cutting - Machining
Chip Forming Cutting – Flame and Lazer cutting
Chip Forming Cutting – Flame and Lazer cutting
Metal Joining
Metal Joining - Soldering
Metal Joining – Gas Welding
Metal Joining – Arc Welding
Metal Joining – Arc Welding
Metal Joining – Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Metal Joining – Resistance Welding
Metal Joining – Adhesive Joining
Metal Joining – Mechanical
Metal Joining – Mechanical
Metal Joining – Mechanical
Metal Joining – Mechanical (Pop Riveting)
Metal Joining – Mechanical
Appearance Finishing and Coating
RESOURCES:
1. Industrial Design, Materials and Manufacturing Guide, Jim Lesco, 2008, 2nd ed.,John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey
2. Materials and Processes in Manufacturing, E. Paul DeGarmo, 1969, 3rd ed., The Macmillan Company, Canada
3. Internet resources; Youtube, Wikipedia, Design Websites. (by keyword research)
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