Mendel’s Laws of Mendel’s Laws of HeredityHeredity
Why we look the way Why we look the way we look...we look...
Mendel used Mendel used peas...peas...
They reproduce They reproduce sexuallysexuallyThey have two distinct, They have two distinct,
malemale and and femalefemale, sex cells , sex cells called called gametesgametes
Their Their traitstraits are easy to are easy to isolateisolate
Mendel Mendel crossedcrossed them them
FertilizationFertilization - the uniting - the uniting of male and female of male and female gametesgametes
CrossCross - combining - combining gametes from parents gametes from parents with different traitswith different traits
What Did Mendel What Did Mendel Find?Find?
He discovered different He discovered different lawslaws and and rulesrules that that explain factors affecting explain factors affecting heredityheredity..
Rule of DominanceRule of Dominance
The trait that The trait that is observedis observed in the offspring is the in the offspring is the dominant trait dominant trait (uppercase)(uppercase)
The trait that The trait that disappears disappears in the offspring is the in the offspring is the recessive trait recessive trait (lowercase)(lowercase)
Law of SegregationLaw of Segregation Genes appear in pairs on Genes appear in pairs on
homologous chromosomeshomologous chromosomes SEPARATEDSEPARATED when gametes are when gametes are
formedformed Recombine during fertilizationRecombine during fertilization
Law of Independent Law of Independent AssortmentAssortment The genes for different traits are The genes for different traits are
inherited independentlyinherited independently of each of each other.other.
Homologous chromosomes move Homologous chromosomes move randomlyrandomly to gametes to gametes
Explains why siblings look differentExplains why siblings look different
Monohybrid Vs Monohybrid Vs DihybridDihybrid
Monohybrid CrossMonohybrid Cross - crossing - crossing parents who differ in only parents who differ in only one trait one trait ((AAAA with with aaaa))
Dihybrid CrossDihybrid Cross - crossing - crossing parents who differ in parents who differ in two two traits traits ((AAEEAAEE with with aaeeaaee))
Bozeman Tutorial
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1PCwxUDTl8
Incomplete Dominance - Incomplete Dominance - BlendBlend
Codominance - Both showCodominance - Both show
Sex-LinkedSex-Linked
Sex-LinkedSex-Linked
Multiple Alleles - Blood Multiple Alleles - Blood TypeType
Multiple Alleles - Blood Multiple Alleles - Blood TypeType
Dihybrid Cross - 2 traitsDihybrid Cross - 2 traits
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