Matter is made of atoms
Brainpop-Atoms
Models
• In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small . Atoms are so small, it would take about 1,000,000 lined up in a row to equal the thickness of a human hair.
• Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally.
Atomic Structure
Discovery Education Video Clip-Click Here
Atoms of the same element are all alike, but are different from atoms of other elements.
Click Here to watch a fun song of all the elements
Molecule
2 or more atoms join together chemically
Molecules are groups of atoms
Water is a molecule. It’s chemical formula is H2O. That means that one water molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Here is a model of a molecule. It is sugar. C6H12O6
Click Here to hear the MEET THE ELEMENTS song
Heat• When molecules of any kind of atoms get more energy in
them than they had before, they move faster, and we call that "heat". When the molecules move faster, they hit against each other and bounce apart, and so they end up further apart from each other than they were before.
• Things are hot if their molecules are moving quickly, and cold if their molecules are moving more slowly. Temperature is a way of measuring how fast the molecules are moving.
Click Here to watch the Ball and Ring Heat Demonstration
Brainpop-temperature
To melt means to change a substance from a solid to a liquid state by heating it to the melting point. Different substances melt at different temperatures. Water melts at 0°C or 32°F.
Melting
Rock melts at about 625 degrees Celsius
Chocolate melts at about 34 degrees Celsius
To freeze means to change a substance from a liquid to a solid state by cooling it to the freezing point.
Freezing
The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a vapor or gas. Again this is a different temperature for different substances. For water the boiling point is 100°C or 212°F.
Boiling Point
What is the boiling point of rubbing alcohol?
• Pour 100 mL of isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O) into a beaker.
• Put in a thermometer• Heat until boiling and read
the temperature
It should be about 84o
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