MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC
COMPOSITE MATERIALS
GROUP MEMBERS
MUHAMMAD BILAL 142714 MUHAMMAD RAMZAN 142715 CLASS BS MECHANICAL
Definition Importance of composite materials Types of composite Advantages of composite Disadvantages of composite Application of composite
Definition: A composite material can be defined
as a combination of two or more materials that results in better properties than those of the individual components alone. In contrast to metallic alloys, each material retains its separate chemical, physical, and mechanical properties.The main advantages of composite materials are their high strength and stiffness, combined with low density.
Importance of composite:Composites can be very strong and stiff, yet very
light in weight, so ratios of strength‑to‑weight and stiffness‑to‑weight are several times greater than steel or aluminum
Fatigue properties are generally better than for common engineering metals
Toughness is often greater too Composites can be designed that do not corrode
like steel Possible to achieve combinations of properties not
attainable with metals, ceramics, or polymers alone
Types of composite: Natural composite Natural composites exist in both animals and
plants. Wood is a composite – it is made from long cellulose fibres (a polymer) held together by a much weaker substance called lignin. Cellulose is also found in cotton, but without the lignin to bind it together it is much weaker. The two weak substances – lignin and cellulose – together form a much stronger one.
Early composites People have been making composites for
many thousands of years. One early example is mud bricks. Mud can be dried out into a brick shape to give a building material.
Particulate Composites
The particulate composites are designed to produce unusual combinations of properties rather than to improve strength. The particulate composites contain large amounts of coarse particles that do not block slip effectively.
Cast Metal Particulate Composites Aluminum castings containing dispersed SiC
particles for automotive applications, including pistons and connecting rods, represent an important commercial application for particulate composites
Advantages of composite A higher performance for a give weight loads to
fuel saving. Excellent strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios can be achieved by composite materials.
Laminate patterns and ply build up in a part can be tailored to give the required. mechanical properties in various directions.
It is easier to achieve smooth aerodynamic profiles for drag reduction.
Production cost is reduce. Composite offer excellent resistance to
corrosion,chemical attack, and outdoor weathering.
Disadvantages of compositeProperties of many important composites are
anisotropic ‑ the properties differ depending on the direction in which they are measured – this may be an advantage or a disadvantage
Many of the polymer‑based composites are subject to attack by chemicals or solvents, just as the polymers themselves are susceptible to attack
Composite materials are generally expensiveManufacturing methods for shaping
composite materials are often slow and costly
Application of composite
Aerospace industry Sporting Goods Industry Automotive Industry Home Appliance IndustrySports and recreation Transportations Constructions
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