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INTRODUCTION
• LTE Advanced is a mobile communication 4G standard approved by International Telecommunications Union (ITU) in Jan 2012 [1].
• Standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as a major enhancement of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard.
• It incorporates many enhancements including the aggregation of multiple radio channels, advanced antenna techniques, advanced network topology and others.
LTE-Advanced Features • Peak data rates: downlink - 1 Gbps; uplink - 500 Mbps.
• Spectrum efficiency: 3 times greater than LTE.
• Peak spectrum efficiency: downlink - 30 bps/Hz; uplink - 15 bps/Hz.
• Spectrum use: the ability to support scalable bandwidth use and spectrum aggregation where non-contiguous spectrum needs to be used. the lower and upper bandwidths limits are 40 MHz and 100 MHz.
• Latency: from Idle to Connected in less than 50 ms and then shorter than 5 ms one way for individual packet transmission.
• Cell edge user throughput to be twice that of LTE.
• Average user throughput to be 3 times that of LTE.
• Compatibility: LTE Advanced shall be capable of interworking with LTE and 3GPP legacy systems.
Principal technologies
• SON ( Self-Optimizing Networks).
• Carrier aggregation of contiguous and non-contiguous spectrum allocations.
• Range expansion with Interference management and suppression
• CoMP (Coordinated Multipoint transmission & reception).
• Relaying.
• Higher order MIMO.
• Heterogeneous network support.
• all-IP Flat Architecture.
• Self-Optimizing Networks
Self configuration Self optimization Self healing
Source of Figure: [4]
• Coordinated Multipoint transmission & reception
• Joint processing:
• Coordinated scheduling or beamforming:
Source of Figure: [3]
CONCLUSION • Industry-supported field trials are already demonstrating the
viability of many of the technical concepts in LTE-Advanced.
• LTE-Advanced meets all 4G requirements and ITU officially certified it as 4G.
• Nevertheless, the timing of LTE-Advanced deployment is difficult to predict and will be dependent on industry demand and the success of today’s Release 8 and 9 LTE rollouts.
REFERENCES
1. "IMT-Advanced standards for mobile broadband communications," ITU NEWS, www.itunews.itu.in , Jan 2012.
2. "Introducing LTE-advanced,“ Agilent Technologies, www.agilent.com/finnd/LTE, Application Note, Nov 2010.
3. "4G Mobile Broadband Evolution: 3GPP Release 10 and Beyond," 4G Americas, www.4gamericas.org, White Paper, Feb 2011.
4. "Self-Optimizing Network: The benefits of SON in LTE," 4G Americas, www.4gamericas.org, White Paper, July 2011.
5. "LTE Advanced: Heterogeneous Networks,“ Qualcomm, http://www.qualcomm.com/solutions/wireless-networks/technologies/lte-advanced, White Paper, Jan 2011.
3GPP Organizational Partners
Market Representation Partners • IMS Forum • TD-Forum • GSA • GSM Association • IPV6 Forum • UMTS Forum • 4G Americas • TD SCDMA Industry Alliance • InfoCommunication Union • Femto Forum • CDMA Development Group • Cellular Operators Association of India
(COAI) • NGMN Alliance
• Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) Japan
• Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS) USA
• China Communications Standards Association (CCSA) China
• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Europe
• Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) Korea
• Telecommunication Technology Committee (TTC) Japan
Specific requirements of the IMT-Advanced report included:
• all-Internet Protocol (IP) packet switched network.
• Interoperability with existing wireless standards.
• A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s at high speeds and 1 Gbit/s in fixed positions.
• Dynamically share and use the network resources to support more simultaneous users per cell.
• Scalable channel bandwidth 5–20 MHz, optionally up to 40 MHz.
• Peak link spectral efficiency of 15 bit/s/Hz in the downlink, and 6.75 bit/s/Hz in the uplink (meaning that 1 Gbit/s in the downlink should be possible over less than 67 MHz bandwidth).
• System spectral efficiency of up to 3 bit/s/Hz/cell in the downlink and 2.25 bit/s/Hz/cell for indoor usage
• Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple networks with smooth handovers[.
• Ability to offer high quality of service for multimedia support.
SON ARCHITECTURE
• Base Station Self-Configuration
• Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR)
• Tracking Area Planning
• PCI Planning
• Load Balancing
• Mobility Robustness / Handover Optimization
• RACH (Random access channel) Optimization
• Inter Cell Interference Coordination
• Energy Savings
• Celloutage Detection And Compensation
• Coverage And Capacity Optimization
Common LTE FDD & TDD Chipset Platform
• MODEMS & DATA CARDS
• SMARTPHONES & TABLETS
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