LSD
SITUATION & ACTIVITIES
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
MINISTRY OF FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK
PENDIK VETERINARY CONTROL INSTITUTE
1960
Libya, Tunus,
Algeria, Morocco
FREE
Entering infected
animals to
EGYPT!!!
2006
Israel
2007
Israel 2012
SITUATION & ACTIVITIES
LSD control strategy
• 5996 Law on Veterinary Services, Plant Health, Food and Feed
• Regulation for LSD (Council Directive 92/119/EEC)
Except slaughter rules
• The Notification of the disease is compulsory
• The disease is wide spread throughout Anatolia (2014)
SITUATION & ACTIVITIES • LSD control strategy
(2014)
• Routine control measures in case of disease outbreak
• Restriction, Quarantine, Ring Vaccination, Sampling, Diagnosis
• Control of animal movements
• Cleaning and Disinfection on outbreak areas
• Insect control
• Ring vaccination in susceptible animals localized within and around outbreak areas
• Neighbourhood vaccination of outbreaks
• Vaccination will be continued on outbreak areas in 2015.
• NRI is Pendik VCI , SGP vaccine that produced by PVCI is used for LSD
SITUATION & ACTIVITIES
Payment of compensation
• Eradication of the disease and may occur as a result of loss compensation
in 2014 was added to the list of compensation diseases.
• Positive laboratory result and clinically symptomatic animals in outberak
zone compensated to the owners (%50 of the animal value)
SITUATION & ACTIVITIES
PROTECTION ZONE
Declaration of an infected zone of 3 km radius from the foci of infection.
SURVEILLANCE ZONE
Control zone of 10 km radius from the perimeter of the infected zone.
Conduction of intensive surveys in holdings located within the surveillance zone.
K.Maraş
01.08.2013
Batman
01.09.2013
Mersin
05.05.2014
Malatya
05.10.2013
Hakkari
13.09.2013
Kayseri
05.05.2014
Şırnak
16.05.2014 Osmaniye
10.12.2013 Adana
11.02.2014 Şanlıurfa
27.05.2014
Hatay
10.12.2013
Adıyaman
22.11.2013
Sivas
14.01.2014
Niğde Konya
Nevşehir
LSD Outbreaks 2013 – 2014 August
Yozgat
Van
Ağrı
Diyarbakır
Elazığ
Tunceli
Erzurum
Erzincan
Samsun
Afyon
Tokat
Ordu
LSD Outbreaks & Years 2010-2014 AUG 22
18
348
0
100
200
300
400
2013 2014 AUG 22
Provinces Outbreaks
(2013-2014)
Provinces Outbreaks
(2013-2014)
Adana 45 Kayseri 42
Adıyaman 2 Konya 9
Afyon 6 Malatya 9
Ağrı 1 Mersin 7
Aksaray 1 Nevşehir 1
Batman 2 Niğde 12
Bitlis 1 Ordu 1
Diyarbakır 1 Osmaniye 92
Elazığ 2 Samsun 1
Erzincan 1 Sivas 24
Erzurum 27 Şanlıurfa 2
G. Antep 4 Tokat 7
Giresun 1 Tunceli 1
Hakkâri 1 Van 2
Hatay 8 Yozgat 1
K. Maraş 34 TOTAL 348
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2013-2014 LSD Outbreaks
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
January2014
February2014
March2014
April2014
May2014
June2014
July 2014 August2014
2014 LSD Outbreaks
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
August 2013 September2013
October 2013 November2013
December 2013
2013 LSD Outbreaks
Vaccination Zone
Number of animals vaccinated
until now:
1.590.757
Programme:
Total 43 Provinces
Allowed to Animal Movement:
ending disease and vaccination after
15 days
LSD Outbreaks & Years 2013-2014
18
784
0
200
400
600
800
1000
2013 Agurt-Dec 2014
Why didnt stop Outbreaks???
• Vaccinaton program was late
• Vaccination began to appear outbreaks in the provinces
• Weather conditions were very suitable for spreading of the disease due to
vector activity
• Animal movement;
– Sick animal movements
– Subclinical animals that these animals transferred virus to new areas
• Vaccination was applied only outbreak areas and neigbour provinces
Temperature Changes in 2013
• Spring %3.1
• Summer %1
• Autumn %2.4
• Winter %0.6
• !!!Spring well above normal temperatures in 2014
Outbreaks graph of Turkey
***Kasım 17 Son mihrak
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Ağustos2013
Eylül2013
Ekim2013
Kasım2013
Aralık2013
Ocak2014
Şubat2014
Mart2014
Nisan2014
Mayıs2014
Haziran2014
Temmuz2014
Ağustos2014
Eylül2014
Ekim2014
Kasım2014
Türkiye Geneli LSD Mihrakları
Encountred Problems • Infected animals after vaccination
• Animals in the incubation period of disease
– Biological properties (Lactation, pregnancy, weak body condition);
predispose factors
– The intencity of the outbreaks in region
• Subcilinical infected animals (After the quarantina period (30 days) the
animals are allowed to move movement from the outbreaks areas)
– Subclinical infected animals infecting new provinces
– Climatic changes,
long summers
late coming winter
warmer winter
windy weather (sand storm)
Bakırköy sheep and goat pox vaccine (65 passaged)
! ! ! No Side Effects ( anaflaxia, abortion, local reaction)
• A vaccine efficacy study about 739 animals in Yahyalı town of Kayseri
province,
• 49 sick animals
• 20 animals unvaccinated
• 29 animals become ill after vaccination,
– 16 animals become ill within 30 days after vaccination
– 13 animals become ill after next 30 days or more after vaccination
• % 1,75 animals become ill after vaccination
• % 6,11 animals become ill without vaccination
• But we need more information about the vaccine that we used against
the LSD virus.
Our Strategy for 2015
• Restriction, Quarantine, Ring Vaccination, Sampling, Diagnosis, Vector
control
• Vaccination will be applied all cattle in the country (older than 3 months and
under 9 month pregnant)
• Vaccinations will determined by each local authority
• !! Vaccination will begin before the vector activities
• All infected and subclinical animals culled
• %100 compensation for culled and died animals
• Animal movements will be strictly controlled (very important point for
disease control)
– Vaccinated animals will be allowed after 30 days of vaccination
– Only smaller than 3 months animals will be allowed unvaccinated
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