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Lord of the Flies
William Goldings Masterpiece
By Lina ELL
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Title Translation
represents the devil insideBeelzebub a Hebrew word forLUCIFER
However, the literal translation of Beelzebubinto English is LORD OF THE FLIES
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Summary
a group of English schoolboys marooned on a tropical island after theirplane is shot down during a war.
its exploration of the idea of human evil is at least partly based onGoldings experience with the real-life violence and brutality of World
War II. Free from the rules and structures of civilization and society, the boys
on the island inLord of the Flies descend into savagery.
In his portrayal of the small world of the island, Golding paints abroader portrait of the fundamental human struggle between thecivilizing instinctthe impulse to obey rules, behave morally, and actlawfullyand the savage instinctthe impulse to seek brute powerover others, act selfishly, scorn moral rules, and indulge in violence.
Island is a microcosm of society, politics, and human psychology
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Do you know of any other
stories of children makingtheir own society?
Peter Pan was originally conceived of as the villain of the story - can be
thoughtlessly ruthless, and although he's an effective leader, he's not a wise
one. One key difference is that Barrie's boys, while tending toward savagery
on their own, also strongly wantto be civilized by someone: they want a
mother.
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FEAR AND CHAOS
What are common reactions to fear?
Describe a situation when you were afraid
(especially of the unknown).
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Through LOTF, Golding is making the
statement that we cannot escape oursavage, violent tendencies
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Ralph
Ralph has charisma.
chosen as leader - many positive qualities
conflict with Jack
Wants to keep order and civilization.
Ralph and Piggy together represent the
struggle for order and democracy.
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Piggy
short and overweight, wears glasses
represents order and democracy
tries very hard to cling to civilization, and tries
his best to keep peace smartest boy on the island, but he lacks any social
skills - has trouble communicating or fitting inwith the othersrepresent science and thought
His glasses are a very important part of the book,as they are used over and over to start fires.Piggy's constant polishing of them shows hisdesire for clear-sightedness and civilization.
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Jack
about Ralph's age, a skinnier build and red
hair
emotions of anger and savagery.
At first, he is the leader of his choir group,
who become hunters as the book progresses.
He eventually overtakes Ralph aschief/leader.
Wears a cape with a snake clasp - evil
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Simon
younger than the three previous boys, but older
than other littluns
He is very good and pure, and has the mostpositive outlook
Simon often travels into his tranquil spot in the
jungle, but also tries to help out when it is needed.
Meditateslikes nature; has a spiritual; goodness
He meets up with a pig's head skewered on a stick
which leads him to an epileptic episode.
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Character Analysis
Roger ~ Silentand sadistic
Targets the littluns
The only one to
premeditate murder
Kills without
conscience
Pure evil
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Character Analysis Sam and Eric (Samneric)~ Twins
Described as barely havingenough skin to cover both,bullet-headed, and theyfinish each otherssentencesThe last to remain loyal toRalphRepresent the tug-of-warwithin us to remain good
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Character Analysis
Littluns ~ The younger
kids
Represent the common
folk, who easily follow the
lead of others into
savagery when there is no
enforced structure insociety
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LOTF Symbols(Objects, characters, figures, or colors that represent ideas or concepts)
Piggys Glasses= The lastsurviving evidence of thelawful, structured world
Conch Shell= Newdemocracy on the island
Snake= Evilreference tothe serpent in the garden ofEden
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Important ImagesThe Beast = The
imaginary evil that isprojected onto the islandby the boys paranoia
Lord of the Flies = A
pigs head on a stick thatbecomes the physicalacceptance of evil on theisland
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Themes
society holds everyone together, and without rulesand order the basic concept of right and wrong arelost.
People will abuse power when it's not earned.When given a chance, people often single out
another to degrade to improve their own security.
Inner savagery can only be suppressed for so long
before it breaks out, given the right situation.The fear of the unknown can be a powerful force,
which can turn you to either insight or hysteria.
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Allegory
A work of fiction carrying two levels of
meaning:
- 1) a surface plot/narrative (literal)
- 2) symbolic/metaphorical meaning in
which everything in story symbolizes
something greater
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A Freudian Allegory
Ralph, Jack, and Piggy Id
The part of the personality reflecting unorganized, instinctualimpulses. If unbridled, it seeks immediate gratification of primitiveneeds.
Ego
The part of the personality corresponding most nearly to theperceived self, the controlling self that holds back the impulsiveness ofthe id in the effort to delay gratification until it can be found insocially approved ways.
Superego
The part of the personality corresponding most nearly to conscience,
superego is said to be the punishing conscience. Unconscious
Memories, impulses and desires that are not available toconsciousness, sometimes controlled or repressed.
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Social Influence
1. Compliance
The person at whom the influence is directed (the target) publiclyconforms to the wishes of the influencing source but does notchange his or her private beliefs or attitudes. (The child eats thespinach but continues to dislike it.)
2. Internalization
The target changes his or her beliefs, attitudes, or behaviorsbecause of a genuine belief in the validity of the positionadvocated by the influencing source. (A middle-aged man gives upsmoking after readingand believingthe surgeon general'swarnings that smoking causes cancer.)
3. Identification
The target changes his or her beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors inorder to resemble an influencing source that is respected oradmired. (A high school girl takes up smoking in order to be like agroup of older girls she admires.)
Deindividuationsense of self diminished when in a crowd (mobmentality)
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Political Allegory
The world was divided into two camps, thefree world and the Soviet Union, much like
the camps of Ralph and Jack. In addition,the postwar Cold War Era suffered fromfears of atomic destruction. Lord of theFlies shows the world at the brink of atomic
destruction. The novel serves as a warningto the leaders of the world.
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Religious Allegory
Garden of Eden: It was a perfect islandwith good food, good weather, and good
water. The beastie is the snake in theGarden that lures (tricks) the others torefuse their duty. The parachutist and Piggyrepresent the fall of mankind. Jack and
Ralph are very much like Cain and Able.Simon is a Christ figure who sacrificeshimself to save them.
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