Download - Litigator Spring 2012

Transcript
  • Page One

    TheLitigatorFeds Lock Up One Million Acres of Energy Land

    MINERS SUE OBAMA ADMININSTRATION A117-year-oldnonprofit,non-partisanminingtradeassociationwiththousandsofmem-bersfiledalawsuitinArizonafederaldistrictcourtagainsttheObamaAdminis-trationforitslock-upofamillionacresoffederallandinnorth-ernArizona.TheNorthwestMiningAssociation(NWMA)ofSpokane,Wash-ington,representedbyMSLF,assertsinitscomplaintthatU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorSecre-taryKenSalazarsJanuary2012orderwithdrawingthelandfromentryundertheGeneralMineralLaw,whichwillblockaccesstohundredsofmillionsofpoundsofthehighest-gradeuraniumoreinthecountry,violatesahostoffederallaws. TheNWMAassertsthattheorder,whichincludeslandsmanagedbyboththeU.S.ForestServiceandtheBureauofLandManagement(BLM)intheAr-izonaStrip,violatestheFederalLandPolicyandManagementAct(FLPMA),theNationalForestManagementAct(NFMA),andtheNationalEnvironmen-talPolicyAct(NEPA).ThelawsuitalsocomplainsthattheFLPMAsprovi-sionpermittingtheSecretarytomakewithdrawalsinexcessof5,000acresisunconstitutionalbecauseitislinkedinextricablytoFLPMAslegislativevetoprovision,whichunconstitutionallypermitsCongresstovetoSecretarialwithdrawalordersover5,000acres. AccordingtotheU.S.GeologicalSurvey,anagencywithintheDepart-mentoftheInterior,thelandswith-

    drawnbySecretarySalazarsordercontainuraniumthat,ifminedtocapac-

    ity,wouldgenerateenoughelectricitytopowerLosAngelesfor154years. ExpertsbelievetheUnitedStatesmustdevelopdomesticsourcesofuraniuminthefaceofhigherpricesandincreasedglobaldemand.Americaisover90%dependent

    onforeignsourcesofuraniumtofuelthe104nuclearreactorsthatprovidepowerfor1in5Americanhomesandbusinesses.AmajorsourceofU.S.im-portsisuraniumfromdismantledRus-sianwarheads;however,theagreementunderwhichtheU.S.pur-chasesthaturaniumexpiresin2013.Thereiscurrentlyaglobalsupplyshortfallofabout40millionpoundsofuraniumperyear,whichcomesfromexistingstock-piles.Withnuclearpowergenerationaroundtheworldprojectedtoincreasesubstan-tiallyevenafterFukushimatheseshortfallswillincreaseandstockpileswilldwindle.Thereare435nuclearreactorsoperatingworldwide,but,ac-cordingtotheNuclearEnergyInstitute,thereare65reactorsunderconstructionand491reactorsplannedorproposedaroundtheworld.TheWorldNuclearAssociationestimatesthattherewillbebetween602and1,350reactorsintheworldby2030,a38%to210%increase.Asaresult,worldwidecompetitionforuraniumwillincreasedramatically.

    Spring 2012The Litigatoris published quarterly byMountain States Legal Foundation, a nonprofit, public-interest legal foundationdedicated to individual liberty, the right to own and use property, limited and ethical government, and the free enterprise system.

    MOUNTAINSTATESLEGALFOUNDATION

    ExecutiveOffices:2596SouthLewisWayLakewood,Colorado80227

    303-292-2021Fax303-292-1980

    www.mountainstateslegal.org

    TheArizonaStrip,whichliesnorthoftheColoradoRiverinnorthernAri-

    zona,isborderedtothesouthbythenorthernrimofGrandCanyonNationalPark.Inthe1984ArizonaWildernessAct,Congressdesignated250,000acresoffederallandonorneartheArizonaStripaswildernessandreleased600,000acresoflandinthesameareaformul-tipleuse,includinguranium

    mining,asaresultofanhistoriccom-promiseamongenvironmentalgroups,uraniummininginterests,thelivestockindustry,andothers. InJuly2009,SecretarySalazarpro-posedtowithdrawfromoperationoftheGeneralMiningLaw633,547acresofBLMlandsand360,002acresofNation-alForestlandsintheArizonaStripforupto20yearspurportedlytoprotecttheGrandCanyonwatershedfromadverseeffectsoflocatablehardrockmineralexplorationandmining.

  • Page Two

    OBAMACARE ARGUED AND SUBMITTED

    DOUBLE YOUR MSLF GIFT! TELL THE BOSS

    WEB PAGE POLL VisitorstoMSLFswebsiteatwww.mountainstateslegal.orgrespondedtothefollowingquestion:Thefederalgovernmentsaysthatitislikenootherlandowner,inthatitcanaltertherulesandneednotadheretoanylegalrequire-ments.Isthatright?Onehundredpercent(100%)said,No:InMSLFsdefenseofGeorge, Hull, and McMaster,theUSAmustbetreatedlikeanyotherlandowner.Zeropercent(0%)said,Yes:TheU.S.governmentisspecial;itholdslandforthepublicandmustresistanyattackonitstitle. VoteonthenewquestionatMSLFswebsitetoday! Remember,thebestwaytokeepabreastofMSLFsprecedent-setting,nation-ally-significantlitigationistocheckMSLFshighlyacclaimedwebsite.MSLFswebsiteisupdatedatleasteveryweekandoftendaily.Inparticular,checkforupdatesonMSLFsLegalCasesandPressReleases.

    Didyouknowthatyoumightbeabletodoubleyourgiftforfree?Thousandsofcompaniesmatchtheiremployeescharitablecontributions.Matchinggiftsplayakeyroleinhelp-ingMSLFfightitscourtbattles.Pleaseaskifyouremployerhasamatching

    giftprogram.Contactyourhumanre-sourcesorpersonneldepartmenttoseeifyourcompanywillmatchyourgifttoMSLF.Then,eachtimeyoumailyourgift,pleaseincludeamatchinggiftformfromyouremployer.MSLFwilldotherest!

    PENDLEYS VIEW TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisalandownerlikenoother;sadly,fed-eralcourtsagree!ConsiderMSLFscasesfromcoasttocoast! TheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheTenthCircuitinDenverrecentlyagreedwiththeU.S.ForestServicethat,whentheagencysoldlandinNewMexicotoAnnieGeorgespredecessor-in-interestandpre-servedanundefinedeasement,theagencycoulddefinethateasementasbroadlyasanyauthoritysetforthintheCodeofFederalRegulations.Thus,landownerswhosechainoftitleincludesthefederalgovernmentareonnotice,notmerelyofdocu-mentsconveyedatclosing,butofallrulespublishedindecadespast. TheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheNinthCircuitinSanFranciscoisbeingtoldbyfederallawyersbat-tlingalawsuitbyKenMcMaster,whoownsa20-acreplacerclaim,intheTrinityAlpsWildernessArea,45milesnorthwestofRedding,Califor-nia,thattheBureauofLandMan-agement(BLM)canrefusetoconveypropertytowhichMr.McMasterwasentitledunderfederallawasaresultofhis1992applicationandcanseizehisprivatepropertybecausetheBLMslongstandinginterpreta-tionoftheWildernessActchangedin1998. Finally,theU.S.CourtofAp-pealsfortheThirdCircuitinPhiladelphiaisabouttogetacaseinvolvingadirtroadthatbisectsaNewJerseyfarmownedbyMat-thewandMichelleHullandMattsbrotherAaroninsidetheDelawareWaterGapNationalRecreationArea(NRA),runbytheNationalParkService(NPS).TheNPSclaimstheroadeventhough,20yearsago,itrefusedtoaccepttheroadwhenthelocaltownshiptriedtogiveitaway.Afederaldistrictcourtruledthat,asamatterofequity,theNPSshouldgettheroad. Nowonderpeoplebelievethereisawaragainstprivateproperty.

    2010 by National Review, Inc. Reprinted by permission.

    WhethertheindividualmandateofthePatientProtectionandAffordableCareAct,orObamaCare,isunconsti-tutionalisnowbeforetheSu-premeCourtoftheUnitedStatesfollowinganunprecedentedthreedaysoforalargumentsinlateMarch.BeforeeachoftheninejusticesinthestandingroomonlycrowdinthehistoricCourtroomwasthebrieffiledbyMSLF. MSLFsroleindecidingtheissuesbeforetheCourtwasnotlimitedtoitshard-hittingfriendofthecourtbrief.TheU.S.CourtofAp-pealsfortheEleventhCircuit,whichupheldtheholdingbyaFloridafederaldistrictcourtthatthemandateisunconstitutional,reliedonavictorybyMSLF(Mountain States Legal Foundation v. Glickman)indecidingthecriticalissueofwhethertheStatesandotherplaintiffshavethestanding,orconstitutionalright,to

    filetheirlandmarklawsuit.AfterObamaCarebecamelawinMarch2010,severallawsuitschallengeditscon-stitutionality;mostnotablewerethelawsuitbytwentysevenStatesandotherplain-tiffs,ledbyFlorida,andthe

    lawsuitbyVirginia.MSLFforitsmembersacrossthecountryarguedinamicus curiaebriefsfiledinfederaldistrictcourtsandcourtsofappealsthattheindividual

    mandate,whichrequiresallAmericanstopurchasehealth

    careinsuranceorpayafine,isunconstitutional. MSLFarguesthatAmericasembraceoflimitedgovernmentofspecificenumeratedpowersbeganinthepre-Revolutionary

    Days,continuedthroughtheDeclara-tionofIndependence,theConstitution,andtheBillofRights,andhasbeenupheldbythefederaljudiciary,includ-ingtheU.S.SupremeCourt.

  • AUniversityofIdaholawstudent,whooftencampsinNevada,prevailedinhislawsuitagainsttheStateofNevadachallengingNevadasbanonpossessionanddischargeofafirearmforself-defenseinstateparks.AlBaker,aNRA-certifiedHomeFirearmsSafety&BasicPistolInstructorwithalicensetocarryaconcealedhandguninIdaho,Utah,andOregonandanavidoutdoorsmenwhocampsinnorthernNevada,hourssouthofhisresidenceinBoise,wonafterNevadaamendeditscodetoconformwiththe2010rulingoftheU.S.SupremeCourtregardingSecondAmendmentrights.OneofthecampingareashehasvisitedandintendstovisitinthefutureistheWild

    HorseStateRecreationAreainElko;however,hewasadvisedbyNevada

    thathecouldnotpossessafunctionalfirearminthepark.WithMSLFashisattorney,Mr.BakerfiledhislawsuitinJuly2010.TheNevadaDivisionofStateParksprohibited

    possessionoffirearmsinstateparks,withtwo

    narrowexceptionsthatis,anunloadedfirearminside

    avehicleandaconcealedhandguncarriedbyapersonlicensedpursuanttoNevadalawandprohibitedthedis-chargeoffirearms,withnoself-defenseexception. Nevadasbanonfirearmshadpro-hibitedpossessingafunctionalfirearmwhencampinginNevadaStateParksorface6monthimprisonment,ora$1,000fine,orboth.

    Page Three

    NEVADA WILL OBEY SECOND AMENDMENT TIMBER CASE OVER!

    WOLVES TO STAY OFF SPECIES ACT LIST

    TwoMontananscelebratedthede-cisionbytheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheNinthCircuitaffirmingaJuly2011rulingbyaMontanafederaldistrictcourtthattheU.S.ForestServicemayconductaforesthealthprojectinanareaatriskfordangerousfiresthusendingathreeyearbattlebyenvironmentalgroupstokilltheplan.WithMSLFastheirattorney,JanetandRonaldHart-man,wholiveyear-roundnorthofWil-sall,urgedapprovaloftheprojectintheGallatinNationalForesttwentymilesnortheastofBozemanandparallelef-fortsbylandownersandgroupsthatarekeytocurtailingcatastrophicfireslikelytodestroyforestresources,homes,andbuildingsandendangerthelivesofresidents,visitors,andfirefighters. InSeptember2010,theNinthCir-cuitupheldanOctober2009rulingbythedistrictcourtauthorizingtheagencytoimplementtheproject,butheldtheForestServicefailedtomeetelkcoverrequirements.InMarch2011,theForestServicesatisfiedthoserequirements.Earlier,theNinthCircuit,overtheHartmansobjections,stayedthedistrictcourtsruling. InMay2005,theForestServicefin-ishedtheShieldsRiverWatershedRiskAssessmenttoevaluatetheriskofwild-fireandinsectlosstosome44,000acresintheSmithCreek/ShieldsRiverarea.InDecember2007,theForestServiceaftercommentsfromadjacentprivatehomeownersandState,county,andlocalofficialsandgroupsapprovedtheSmithCreekVegetationTreatmentProjecttoaddressdangerousfuelbuild-upsandmitigatetheriskofcatastrophicwildfire.TheProjectwillreducefuelloadson1,110acres,in10separateunits.Alocal,quasi-governmentalgroupwasformedtoprovidegrantstolocallandownerstoconductfuelsreductionprojectsonprivatelands. InJuly2008,environmentalgroupschallengedtheplan.TheHartmansintervened.InOctober2008,theMon-tanafederaldistrictcourtruledfortheForestServiceandtheHartmansonallbutoneclaim;howeverenvironmentalgroupsappealed.

    WhenCongressorderedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService(FWS)toremovethenorthernRockyMountaingraywolffromtheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA)listinIdahoandMontana,itamendedthefederallawconsistentwithitsconstitutionalpower,ruledathree-judgepaneloftheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheNinthCircuit.TherulingwasconsistentwithabrieffiledbyMSLFonbehalfofitselfanditsclients,theMontanaFarmBureauFederationandtheIdahoFarmBureauFederation. InJune2009whensev-eralenvironmentalgroupssuedtoinvalidateanApril2009decisionbytheFWStoremovethegraywolffromtheESAlistinIdahoandMon-tana,MSLFanditsclientsintervenedtodefendtheFWSdecision.Nonetheless,inJuly2009,aMontanafederaldistrictcourtstruckdowntheFWSdecisionandorderedthewolfbackontheESAlist.

    Subsequently,CongresspassedandPresidentObamasignedalawthatre-quiredthewolfsdelistingandremovedtheissuefromfuturejudicialreview.Theenvironmentalgroupschallengedthelawsconstitutionalitybutthedistrictcourtupheldthelawandthegroups

    appealed.ThepanelruledthatCongressamendedtheESAbyrequiringthewolfsdelisting,whichtheSupremeCourthasheldCongressmaydo. Thegraywolf(Canis lupus)onceroamedthenorthernRockyMountainregion;however,duetotheirpredationonlive-

    stock,thefederalgovernmentpermittedtheirkilling;by1930,wolveshadbeenalmosteliminatedintheregion.In1973,theFWSputtheNorthernRockyMoun-tainWolf(Canis lupus irremotus)ontheESAlist.In1994,theFWScapturedwolvesinCanadaandreleasedtheminMontana,Idaho,andWyoming.

  • Page Four

    INjustIcebyJ.ChristianAdams

    RegneryPublishing,Inc.;ISBN:1596982772

    Hardcover-256pages(October2011)

    eXPOseD: Lawlessness and Racialism Run Rampant in Obamas justice Department AsAmericaspremierfederallawenforcementagency,theU.S.DepartmentofJustice(DOJ)issup-posedtobecolor-blindandimmunefrompartypolitics.

    Not so in the Obama Justice Department,sayswhistleblowerandformerDOJlawyerJ.Chris-tianAdamsinhisshockingnewexpos, Injustice: exposing the Racial Agenda of the Obama justice Department.

    AdamswhoblewthewhistleontheJusticeDepartmentshandlingoftheinfamousNewBlackPantherPartyvoterintimidationcasewitnessedfirst-handtheDOJsaggressiveradicalagenda,andisnowrevealingthetruthaboutthemostlawlessJusticeDepartmentever.

    Divulgingnever-before-publisheddetailsonseveralimportantcasesincludingtheBlackPanthercaseInjusticeexposeshowtheverygovernmentdepartmentresponsibleforenforc-ingequalprotectionhasbeenoverrunbyradi-calsbentonfurtheringafringepoliticalagenda.

    Thelate Andrew Breitbart said,Injustice isanexplosiveexpose.AndMichelle Mal-kin praisesAdamsbooksaying,If you care about justice for all, Injustice is hands-down the most important book youll read all year.

    WitheverythingfromcivilrightslawstoAmericasvotingsystematrisk,Injusticeshinesalightonthecorruption,racialism,andradicalismthatisrunningrampantintheObamaJusticeDepartment.

    J. Christian AdamsservedforfiveyearsasanattorneyintheVotingSectionoftheDOJCivilRightsDivision,wherehebroughtcasestoprotectavarietyofracialminorities,includingblacksandHispanics;healsobroughtthefirstapplicationoftheVotingRightsActtoprotectwhitevoters.OnceageneralcounseltotheSouthCarolinaSecre-taryofState,heisnowapracticingattorneyandacontributingwritertoPajamasMedia.

    Injustice is FREE with a $50.00 contribution to MSLF; see the COUPON on page 5. Autographed copies are alsoavailable for gift giving.

  • Page Five

    Mountain States Legal Foundation (MSLF) Is A Nonprofit, Public-Interest Legal Foundation, That Is A 501(c)(3) Organization,Since Its 1977 Founding.

    Therefore, Your GenerousContributions to MSLF Are Tax Deductible!

    MSLF CANNOT REST; ITS ROLE ESSENTIAL TO REMAINING FREE In2012,MSLFwillhavebeengoingtocourtfor35years,fightingtocompelcompliancewiththecommandsoftheConstitutionandfederallawtoensurethatAmericaremainsanationoflaws.AtnotimeduringthesethreeplusdecadeshastheneedforMSLFtogotocourtonbehalfofthosewhocouldnotaffordlegalrepresentationbeenless-ened.Infact,asthefederalbureaucracyhasgrownandasfederallawshavebecomemorefar-reachingandintrusive,MSLFscaseloadhasincreaseddramati-cally.ThatisobviousfromareviewofthescoresofMSLFcases.

    Your Support Is Vital IfthereisonelessonMSLFhaslearnedoverthepast35years,itisthat,regardlessofwhichpartyoccupiestheWhiteHouseorcontrolsCongress,thethreattolibertyremainsandMSLFmustbeready,willing,andabletogotocourttodefendfreedom.AsThomasJeffer-sononcesaid,Eternalvigilanceisthepriceofliberty.OneofthepricesthatmustbepaidforMSLFtoremainvigi-lantisthepricethattensofthousandsofAmericanspayannuallybymakingtheirtax-deductiblecontributionstoMSLFanditslitigation. ThesupportofMSLFbytensofthousandsofAmericanscommittedtofreedomcouldnotbemoreimportant.YoursupportwillensurethatMSLFremainsINTHECOURTSFORGOOD!

    MSLFreceivesnogovernmentfunds(exceptwhenitwinsincourtandthejudgeordersthefederalgovernmenttopayattorneysfeesandexpenses).

    MSLFssolesourceofsupportisthetax-deductiblecontributionsofthosewhosupportitsaggressivelitigationprogram.

    MSLFisanonprofit,public-interestI.R.C.501(c)(3)corporation,whichmakesthecontributionsitreceivestaxdeductible.

    MSLFiscommittedtothevisionoftheFoundingFathers:individualliberty,therighttoownanduseproperty,limitedandethicalgovernment,andthefreeenterprisesystem.

    MSLFscommitmenttotheConstitutionensuresthatAmericaremainsanationoflawsandnotofmenandthattherichlibertylegacyofthisnationcontinues.

    MSLFdoesonlyonething:itgoestocourtindefenseoftheConstitution,strictadherencetothelawsoftheland,andthosewhocannotaffordtohirelegalcounseltoprotecttheirrights.

    OnlyYOUcanensurethatMSLFmaycontinueitsvitalwork.

    Federal,state,andlocaltaxestakeanever-increasingshareofonesincome.

    Giftgivingdecreasestaxeswhileadvancingcharitablegoals.

    Atatimewhenmanymechanismsforlegallyloweringtaxeshavebeeneliminated,theopportunitiesforreducingtaxesbyplannedcharitablegivinghavebeenincreased!

    Income TaxEachyearapersonmaydeductasmuchas50percentofhisorheradjustedgrossincome(AGI)forgiftsofcashtoaqualifiedcharity;thatlimitisonly30percentforgiftsofappreciatedproperty.

    Estate TaxApersonwhodiedin2011isentitledtoanexclusionofupto$5,000,000;however,estatesinexcessofthatamountmaydeductcharitablegifts,bywillortrust.Becausefederalestatetaxesover$5,000,000rangefrom37percentto50percent,foreverycharitablegiftof$1,000,theestatesavesupto$500intaxes.Pleaseconsultyourtaxadviser.

    ContributionsofstockcanbemadeelectronicallytoMSLFsbrokerageaccountDTC0164.Whentransferringstock,indicateacct.#7080-3528,CharlesSchwab&Co.,51817thSt.,Suite100;Denver,CO80202.

    (AdamJ.Rehmer303-260-5916;Fax:303-260-5095).Please notify MSLF BEFORE mak-ing the transfer; there is no way to identify a stock donor without prior notification.

    Problem u

    Solution u

    Reason u

    The Means u

    Stock uTransferInformation

    GIFT: $ ____________ o$1000 o$500 o$250 o$100 o$50 o$25o CheckPayabletoMountainStatesLegalFoundation(MSLF)o CreditCard ___MC ___Visa ___Discover ___AmEx CreditCard# _________________________________________________________________

    CVV#(3digitcodeonbackofcard) ______________________________________________

    Exp.Date _____________________________________________________________________

    Signature _____________________________________________________________________

    NAME(Pleaseprint) _______________________________________________________________

    ADDRESS ________________________________________________________________________

    CITY ______________________________________STATE ____________ ZIP _______________

    PHONE __________________________________________________________________________

    EMAIL ___________________________________________________________________________oYes,IwanttohelpMSLFinitsbattles,includingitsfightagainsttheCivilRightsDivision.o Imademycontributionintheamountof$50,ormore.PleasesendmeInjustice.o IhaveADDED$10tomy$50contribution;sendmeanautographedcopyofInjustice.

    MSLFisa501(c)(3)nonprofitlegalfoundation;contributionsaretax-deductiblepursuanttolaw.

  • Page Six

    FEDS BREACH CONTRACT; FAMILY SUES!

    U.S. SUPREME COURT VOIDS LAND GRAB!

    AUtahfamilythatformanyyearsoperatedacommercialoutfittingandguestranchbusinessintheAshleyNationalForestineasternUtahneartheWyomingandColo-radoborders,filedafederallawsuitcharg-ingthattheU.S.ForestServicebreacheditscontractwiththefami-ly.EdandSherryBaltzownedandoperatedRockyMountainRec-reationofUtah,Inc.,whichformerlydidbusinessastheU-BarWildernessRanch.TheRanch,underaseriesofowners,operatedpursuanttoForestServicespecialusepermitsforover75years.InAugust2002,theRanchreneweditsbusinesspermitthrough2022,apermitthatincludedabaseareaof4.3-acreswheretheRanchmaintainedfiveguestcabinsandamainlodge,abathhouse,wranglerscabin,andcorrals,whichwereupdatedinJune2007,andincludedelectricityandrunningwater.InJune

    2004,theRanchreneweditsoutfitter(forhuntingandfishingexpeditions)permit.In2007,theForestServiceeffectivelyvacatedbothpermits.MSLF,whichrep-

    resentsthefamily,filedthelawsuitintheU.S.CourtofFederalClaimsinWashington,D.C. InMay2005,amudslideonU.S.ForestServicelandenteredtheRanchpermitareaanddamagedaguestcabin.

    AlthoughtheForestServicetookrespon-sibilityfortheincidentandassertedthatitwouldcleanupthedamagedarea,itdidnot.Inthespringof2007,theRanchcomplainedtotheForestServicethatithadfailedtokeepadrainagechannelandculvertfreeofdebris.InJuly2007,afteraminordebrisflow,whichresultedfromaccumulateddebrisinthechannelandculvert,theForestServiceissuedaSpecialClosureOrderagainsttheRanchand,inAugust2007,suspendedboththebusinessandoutfitterpermits.

    InaunanimousrulingandconsistentwithafriendofthecourtbrieffiledbyMSLF,theSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesreversedarulingoftheMontanaSupremeCourtthathadresultedinanunprecedentedseizureofprivateprop-erty.MSLF,withdecadesofexperienceinconstitutionalandpropertyrightsissuesbeforetheCourt,foritselfandtheUtahFarmBureauFederation,hadurgedtheCourttooverturntheMontanacourtsde-terminationofnavigabilityonthebasisofpresentdayuseandwithoutperformingasectionbysectionanalysisoftherivers. AtissuewastheMontanacourts2010rulingthatupheldalowercourtdecisionthatPPLMontana,LLC,whichreplacedtheMontanaPowerCompanyandpur-chaseditshydroelectricfacilitiesandland,owedMontana$40millionforuseofitsriverbeds.JusticeKennedy,writingfortheCourt,declaredthattheMontanarulingwasbasedonaninfirmlegaltheory. In2003,twoMontanacitizenssuedPPLMontanaandtwootherhydroelectric

    companiesinfederalcourtseekingcom-pensationforMontanaforthecompaniesuseofriverbedsundertwofederallyli-censedhydroelectricfacilitiesandarguingundertheEqualFootingDoctrinethattheriverbedsarepartofitsschooltrustandthattheyowedhundredsofmillionsinunpaidrenttoMontana.AfterMon-tanaintervened,thecourtdismissedthecasein2005. PPLandtheotherhydroelectriccompaniesthensuedinMontanastatecourtseekingadeclarationthatfed-erallawprecludesorpreemptsanyclaimforcompensation.Montanafiledacoun-terclaimdemandingbackrent.Aftertheothercompaniessettled,Montanamovedforpartialsummaryjudgment,arguingthattheMissouri,Madison,andClarkForkRiverswerenavigablein1889,whenMontanawasadmittedtotheUnion.

    MSLF IS VINDICATED AunanimousSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesruledinfavorofanIdahofamilyinitsbattlewiththeEnvi-ronmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)andthusvindicatedMSLFsfightforaNewMexicomanwhosoughttochallengetheEPAsdeterminationthathisaridlandswerewatersoftheUnitedStates.MSLFurgedtheSupremeCourttooverturnarulingthatMichaelandChantrellSackettofPriestLake,IdahocouldnotsuetheEPAtochallengeitsclaimthatuseoftheirlandviolatedtheCleanWaterAct(CWA). Inthesummerof2007,theSackettsmoveddirtontheirpropertytobuildahouseonlandwithasewerhookup,inadevelopedareazonedforresidentialconstruction.ThatNovember,theEPAissuedacomplianceorderdeclaringtheSackettpropertytobeawetlandundertheCWA,barringtheSackettsfrombuild-ingahouse,andmandatingthattheSack-ettsrestoretheirlandtoitspreviousstateorpaycivilpenaltiesofupto$32,500perday.TheSackettsweredeniedahearingandtheirlawsuitinIdahofederaldistrictcourtwasdismissedwhenthecourtheldtheCWAbarsjudicialreviewofcompli-anceorderspriortoanyEPAenforcementaction.InSeptember2010,theNinthCircuitupheldthedistrictcourtsdeci-sion,rulingthattheCWAbarsjudicialreviewofadministrativeaction,whichdoesnotviolatetheSackettsdueprocessrights.InFebruary2011,theSacketts

    soughtSupremeCourtreview;theyarerepresentedbyPacificLegalFoundation.

    MSLFbroughtacaselikeSackett onbehalfofaveterinarian,rancher,andentrepreneurnamedLarry

    SquiresofHobbs,NewMexico.TheNewMexicofederaldistrictcourtheld,asdidtheIdahofederaldistrictcourtinSackett, thatDr.SquirescouldnotchallengetheauthorityoftheEPA.TheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheTenthCircuit,asdidtheNinthCircuitinSackett,upheldthelowercourtsruling.TheSupremeCourtlaterdeniedcertiorari.

  • Page Seven

    LEGAL

    ACTION

    NOTABLE

    QUOTES

    n AColoradostatedistrictcourtaward-edcoststoMSLFforitsvictoryoveranattempttoimposeclimatechangeregulations.

    n ANewMexicowomanbarredbytheU.S.ForestServicefromfencingherpropertylostherappealbeforetheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheTenthCircuitinDenver.

    n CaliforniaminersbriefedtheirappealwiththeNinthCircuitintheirattempttogainfulluseoftheirpatentedmin-ingclaims;theirlawsuitwasdismissedbyaCaliforniafederaldistrictcourt.

    n OnbehalfofaTexaspsychologistdeniedherfreespeechrightsregard-ingherprofession,MSLFopposedattemptsbytheStateofTexastodismisshercivilrightslawsuit.

    n FremontCounty,WyominglostitsappealbeforetheTenthCircuitintheculminationofaVotingRightsActlawsuitfiledbytheACLU.

    n MSLFurgedtheU.S.SupremeCourttoreversearulingbytheNinthCircuitthatArizonasS.B.1070,whichpermitsArizonatoaddresstheim-pactsofillegalimmigration,conflictswithfederallaw.

    n MSLF,whichprevailedattheU.S.SupremeCourtinalandmarkequalprotectioncase,urgedtheCourttooverturna2003rulingbytheCourtuponwhichtheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheFifthCircuitreliedtoallowtheUniversityofTexastograntadmis-sionbasedonrace.

    n OnbehalfoftheWyomingStockGrowersAssociationandthePetro-leumAssociationofWyoming,MSLFpresentedtestimonybeforeanIdahofederaldistrictcourtchallengingdemandsbyanenvironmentalgroupforsagegrouserelatedrestrictionsonfederallanduse.

    n MSLFsbriefchallengingtheauthor-ityoftheEnvironmentalProtection

    AgencytoimposecapandtradeadministrativelywasbeforeafederalappealscourtduringoralargumentsinWashington,D.C.

    n OnbehalfofaPennsylvaniaenergyassociationandthenationsoldestfamilyownedoilandgascompany,MSLFurgedaPennsylvaniafederaldistrictcourttoissueapermanentrulingagainstasweetheartlawsuitsettlemententeredintobytheObamaAdministration.

    n AWyomingmanwhosetakingslawsuitwasdismissedontechnicalgroundsbytheU.S.CourtofFederalClaimsbriefedhisappeal.

    n MSLFreturnedtooneofitsearliestvictories,when,onbehalfofitselfandtwoWyominggroups,itwasgrantedtherighttoparticipateinafederallaw-suitdemandingthatthegovernmentmanagewildhorsesinWyoming.

    n OnbehalfoftheMontanaPetroleumAssociation,MSLFappearedbeforetheMontanaSupremeCourttopre-serveanearliervictoryoverenviron-mentalgroups.MSLFVicePresidentStevenJ.Lechnerarguedthecase.

    Thanks for all you do in the grand battles for our country.Michael B. enziu.s. senator WY

    Im glad you folks are around!Robert H. Petersensusanville, cA

    Keep up the good work!col. john M. Butler, usMc-Ret.cedar Point, Nc

    You have been doing good work that no one else seems to care about. Our gov-ernment seems to be running amok.Walter Wiebensilt, cO

    BIG HOORAY on your unanimous Colorado Supreme Court victory!james D. santiniAlexandria, VA

    Keep up the good work.Warren j. Adlerelmhurst, NY

    Keep up the good work!Larry D. Goodmansouthampton, PA

    Please keep up the good work.james D. tippettjoseph, OR

    Congratulations on [the concealed carry] win!joy Iris staveleyFlagstaff, AZ

    God help all the wonderful things you do, and get more to help you.sue R. simpsonMcFarland, WI

    I hope you can help save the U.S.claude jungmanPremont, tX

    Keep up the good work.carolyn VeachLebanon, IN

    Thank you for what MSLF is doing for this country.ervin O. schmidteverett, WA

  • MSLF WINS FOR GUN RIGHTS AT COLORADO SUPREME COURT AnationalgroupandthreeofitsColoradomemberswonaunanimousvictoryattheColoradoSupremeCourtwhentheCourtupheldtherulingoftheColo-radoCourtofAppealsthatthe2003ColoradoConcealedCarryAct(CCA)barstheUniversityofColorado(CU)BoardofRegentsfromregulatingtheuseofconcealedcarrypermitsoncampus.JusticeAllisonH.Eidwrote,WeholdthattheCCAscompre-hensivestatewidepurpose,broadlanguage,andnarrowexclusionsshowthattheGeneralAssemblyin-tendedtodivesttheBoardofRegentsofitsauthoritytoregulateconcealedhandgunpossessiononcampus. StudentsforConcealedCarryonCampusandthreeColoradoans,allrepresentedbyMSLF,prevailedattheCourtofAppealsinApril2010,whenathree-judgepanelreversedanElPasoCountystatedistrictcourtsApril2009decisionandruledthattheCCAbarslocalrules,suchasthoseadoptedbyCU,thatconflictwiththeActandthatCUsbanonfirearmsinvehiclesforself-defenseisuncon-stitutional.InJune2010,theRegentsvoted5-4toappealtotheColoradoSupremeCourt;theirpetitionwasgrantedinOctober2010andwasarguedinJune2011.

    AttorneyDavidB.KopeloftheIndependenceInstitute,whofiledafriendofthecourtbriefattheColoradoSupreme

    CourtonbehalfoftheInstituteandtheCountySheriffsofColorado,said,Itisanespeciallyimpressiveaccomplish-mentfor...asmallpublicinterestlawfirmtowinaunanimousstateSu-premeCourtvictoryagainstaninstitu-tionwhoselargestcampus(Boulder)hasanannualbudgetofoverabilliondollars. Amici curiaebriefsinsupportofMSLFsclientswerefiledbytheNationalRifleAssociation,theRockyMountainGunOwners,andtheSecondAmendmentFoundation.TheBoardofRegentsreceivedamici curiae

    supportfromTheBradyCentertoPreventGunViolence,theColoradoCeasefireCapitolFund,andtheGreaterDenverMil-lionMomMarch. ColoradosCCA,C.R.S.18-12-201,requiresanexten-sivebackgroundcheck.TheActhasonlyfourexceptionstotherighttocarry:locationsprohibitedbyfederallaw;K12schools;publicbuildingswithmetaldetectors;andprivatepropertywherenoticeisposted. ThelawsuitreturnstoElPasoCountystatedistrictcourt.

    Non Profit Organization

    U.S. Postage

    PAID

    Denver, CO

    Permit No. 847

    MOUNTAIN

    STATES

    LEGAL

    FOUNDATION

    2596SouthLewisWay

    Lakewood,Colorado80227

    ADDRESSSERVICEREqUESTED

    PRESIDENT AND CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER

    WilliamPerryPendley

    VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER

    StevenJ.Lechner

    VICE PRESIDENTADMINISTRATION

    JaniceK.Alvarado

    EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

    StephenM.Brophy,AZ: Chairman

    JohnR.Gibson,UT:Vice Chairman

    FrankPriestley,ID;Secretary

    PeterK.Ellison,UT;Treasurer

    JohnJ.Blomstrom,WY

    KarenKennedy,WY

    RonKrump,NV

    L.JeraldSheffels,WA

    DonSparks,TX