Lion Gate (Boghazkoy, Turkey), c.1400 BCE, limestone
Assyrian Lamassu from the Citadel of Sargon II (Khorsabad, Iraq) c. 720
BCE
Reputation of the Assyrians/ royal citadel of Sargon II/ lamassu/ sculptor’s viewpoints
Assyrian reliefs from the palace of
Ashurbanipal (Ninevah, Iraq)
c. 650 BCE
depiction of a wild beast/ bas relief
carving/ demonstration of the king’s power
Dying Lioness, Assyrian relief from the Palace of Ashurbanipal (Ninevah,
Iraq) c. 650 BCE
Historical and current range of the Lion (Time 8/23/04)
Top: Relief of Assurnasirpal II Killing Lions (Nimrud, Iraq)
c. 850 BCEBelow:
Drawing of the citadel and
palace complex of Sargon II
(Khorsabad, Iraq)
Ishtar Gate (Babylon, Iraq),
c. 575 BCE
Neo-Babylonian Period/ King Nebuchadnezzar/ Ishtar and Tammuz/ bulls, lions, and the
mususu/ the “hanging gardens”
Royal Audience Hall (apadana) at Persepolis of Darius I (Iran), c. 500 BCE
Darius III and Alexander the Great/ elevation of platform/ apadana with bull capitals/
loose groupings of buildings/ satrapies
Reliefs at Persepolis
Reliefs at Persepolis
Left: Layout of Persepolis Below: Bull Capital from the royal audience hall of the
palace of Artaxerxes II (Susa) c. 375 BCE
Persian Rhyton with forepart of a winged lion, 5th century BCE
Left: Head of a Sasanian king (Shapur
II?) c. 350 CE (AD), silver with mercury
gildingBelow: Palace of
Shapur I (Ctesiphon, Iraq),
c. 250 CE
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