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Lets Explore…..

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History of Agriculture

• The word agriculture derived from Latin words “ager” or “agri” means soil and “culture” means cultivation.

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Agriculture

• Agriculture involves domestication of plants and animals was developed at least 10,000 years ago.• Agriculture is also known as

“farming”.

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Farming “a system”

• Agriculture or farming can be looked as “a system”.

• Inputs are – seeds, fertilisers, machinery, labour.• Process – ploughing, sowing, spraying,

irrigation and harvesting• Outputs from the system – crops, vegetables,

fruits, flowers, wool, dairy and poultry products.

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From Corn to Popcorn

• The transformation from a plant to a finished product involves 3 types of economic activities.

• Primary• Secondary• Tertiary

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Primary Activities

• Agriculture• Fishing• Mining

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Secondary Activities

• The processing (make, build and assemble) of products.

Eg. Manufacturing of steel.Backing of breadWeaving of clothsMaking furniture

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Tertiary activities

• Services provides supports to the primary and secondary activities.

Eg. Transport, trade, banking, advertisement etc.

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What is Agriculture

• Agriculture is a primary activity.

• Growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers andRearing of livestock determined as agriculture.

• 50% persons of the whole world are engaged in agriculture activity.

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Factors behind the Agriculture• Topography• Soil• Climate

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Arable land• The land on which the crops are grown is

known as arable land.

World Distribution of Arable land

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Knowledge bag

• Agriculture – the science and art of cultivation. It is also called farming

• Sericulture – commercial rearing of silk worm.• Pisciculture – breeding of fish• Viticulture – cultivation of grapes• Horticulture – growing vegetables, flowers,

fruits for commercial use.

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Agriculture in India• Agriculture in India has a significant history.

Today, India ranks second worldwide in farm output.

• Rice is the main grain crop of India. India ranks second in the world in production of rice.

• West Bengal, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh are the maximum rice producing states in India.

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Lets do it

*list out the activities associated under each heading.a) Agriculture b) sericulture c) horticulture

Group Discussion:- * What is the difference between agriculture and natural

vegetation?* List out the activities involved in agriculture.

* List out the factors suitable for growing crops.

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Do yourself

• Gr. 1 what is horticulture?

• Gr 2. 50% of world population is dependent on agriculture. Give reasons for your answer.

• Gr 3 Why agriculture is “a system” ?

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