LECTURE NOTES IN ANATOMY PHARMACY STUDENTS REV. PROFESSOR SETH
AYETTEY OCTOBER 2012
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OBJECTIVES OF LECTURE KNOW THE HEART AND VESSELS ASSOCIATED
UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF THE HEART KNOW ABOUT SYSTEMIC AND
PULMONARY CIRCULATION KNOW THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF VESSELS KNOW THE
FACTORS THAT REGULATE BLOOD FLOW APPRECIATE CLINICAL
SIGNIFICANCE
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MAJOR CIRCULATIONS PULMONARY CIRCULATION FOR GASEOUS EXCHANGE
BEGINS AT RIGHT ATRIUM ENDS AT LEFT ATRIUM PRINCIPAL VESSELS
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS TO ALL TISSUES RETURN
OF BLOOD FROM ALL TISSUES PRINCIPAL VESSELS
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FUNCTIONAL LINKS PULMONARY SYSTEM LIVER AND GASTRO-INTESTINAL
SYSTEM THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM
RENAL SYSTEM THE INTEGUMENT (SKIN) RETICULO-ENDOTHELIA AND
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
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DEFINITION OF ARTERIES AND VEINS ARTERIES TRANSPORT BLOOD AWAY
FROM THE HEART VEINS TRANSPORT BLOOD TOWARDS THE HEART NOTE THAT
DEFINITION IS NOT BY BLOOD THEY CARRY BUT BY THEIR RELATION TO THE
HEART
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FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATIONS 1 PULMONARY GASEOUS EXCHANGE LOW
PRESSURE SYSTEM DOUBLE CIRCULATION GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF
PRODUCTS OF DIGESTION PORTAL VENOUS SYSTEM HEPATIC (LIVER) DOUBLE
CIRCULATION
FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATIONS 3 BRAIN CIRCULATION BYPASS SYSTEM
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SUPPORT BRAIN PROTECT BRAIN
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FUNCTIONAL SPECIALIZATIONS 4 LYMPHATICS TRANSPORTATION OF CELLS
OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION OF ANTIBODIES LYMPHATIC
VESSELS/ENDING IN VENOUS SYSTEM LYMPH NODES SPLEEN
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THE HEART AND ITS CHAMBERS SIZE, POSITION, COVERINGS OF THE
HEART THE CHAMBERS OF THE HEART RIGHT ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE LEFT
ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE PULMONARY CIRCULATION SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF CIRCULATION DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS TO
TISSUES REABSORTION OF ESSENTIAL SUBSTANCES ELIMINATION OF WASTE
PRODUCTS OTHERS - DISCUSS HOMEOSTASIS
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SIZE, SHAPE AND FEATURES OF HEART 12 CM FROM APEX TO BASE 8-9CM
INFERIOR BORDER 300GM WEIGHT OBLIQUELY PLACED APEX: LEFT AND
INFERIOR BASE: RIGHT AND SUPERO/POSTERIOR
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CHAMBERS OF THE HEART RIGHT ATRIUM RIGHT VENTRICLE LEFT ATRIUM
LEFT VENTRICLE
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FEATURES OF RIGHT ATRIUM RIGHT BORDER OF THE HEART EMBRYONIC
ORIGINS (SMOOTH AND ROUGH PARTS) CRISTA TERMINALIS INTER-ATRIAL
SEPTUM FOSSA OVALIS/LIMBUS SUPERIOR VENA CAVA, INFERIOR AND
CORONARY SINUS OPENINGS; VENAE CORDEA MINIM RIGHT ATRIO-
VENTRICULAR ORIFICE AND TRICUSPID VALVE
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FEATURES OF RIGHT VENTRICLE 2 SEPTO-MARGINAL TRABECULAE
(MODERATOR BAND) CORDAE TENDINAE INFUNDIBULUM PULMONARY ORIFICE
PULMONARY CUSPS TWO ANTERIOR ONE POSTERIOR
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FEATURES OF LEFT VENTRICLE THICK WALL (3 X THAT OF RIGHT
VENTRICLE OF 3-5CM) LEFT BORDER OF THE HEART RADIOLOGICALLY APEX OF
HEART INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM OUTFLOW VALVE (AORTIC VALVE) ANTERIOR
CUSP (NB: ORIGIN OF RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY ASSOCIATED WITH THE
SINUS) RIGHT POSTERIOR LEFT POSTERIOR CUSPS (NB: ORIGIN OF LEFT
CORONARY ARTERY ASSOCIATED WITH THE SINUS
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THE VASCULAR SYSTEM 1 ARTERIES (DEFINITION) LARGE ARTERIES
MEDIUM ARTERIES SMALL ARTERIES ARTERIOLES CAPILLARIES VEINS
(DEFINITION) VENULES LARGE VEINS VENOUS VALVES FACTORS AFFECTING
VENOUS DRAINAGE
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BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM- PRINCIPAL ARTERIES AND VEINS
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BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM ORGANISATION OF BLOOD VESSELS ARTERIES
ARTERIOLES CAPILLARIES VEINSVENULES
THE VASCULAR SYSTEM 2 LYMPHATICS (DEFINITION) LYMPHATIC
CAPILLARIES AFFERENT LYMPH VESSELS EFFERENT LYMPH VESSELS LYMPH
NODES LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE REGULATION OF BLOOD FLOW AUTONOMIC SYSTEM
ROLE OF THE ARTERIOLE ROLE OF POSTURE
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LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
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THE IMPULSE GENERATING AND CONDUCTING SYSTEM THE SINU ATRIAL
NODE LOCATION BLOOD SUPPLY THE ATRIO VENTRICULAR NODE LOCATION
BLOOD SUPPLY THE AV BUNDLE AND BRANCHES THE PURKINJE FIBER SYSTEM
AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF
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REGULATION PRESSURE RECEPTORS CAROTIDS ARCH OF AORTA ATRIA
CHEMO RECEPTORS CAROTID BODY CO2; O2; PH ATRIAL NATRIURETIC HORMONE
REGULATION OF SODIUM AND WATER LEVELS SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM -
VASOCONSTRICTION
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THE IMPULSE GENERATING AND CONDUCTING SYSTEM SINU-ATRIAL NODE
(LOCATION) ATRIO- VENTRICULAR NODE (LOCATION) AV BUNDLE (OF HIS)
RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCH LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH
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BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE HEART AND VESSELS THE CORONARY ARTERIES
CORONARY ARTERY CIRCULATION REGULATION OF ARTERIAL ANASTOMOSIS
VENOUS DRAINAGE VENOUS ANASTOMOSIS VASA VASORIA AUTONOMIC
REGULATION
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BLOOD SUPPLY/ VENOUS DRAINAGE RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY LEFT
CORONARY ARTERY CORONARY SINUS GREAT CARDIAC VEIN (ANTERIOR
INTERVENTRICULAR) MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN (POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR)
SMALL CARDIAC VEIN (MARGINAL ARTERY)