8/3/2019 Lecture 26 a Disaster Management Policy
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A disaster management Policy
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What do you get from the headline below?
Kenya lacks comprehensive disaster management policy
October 16th, 2010 5:40 pm @ admin
When a Nakumatt Supermarket branch in Nairobi caught fire last year,
killing scores of people and injuring many more, fire fighters arrived late, in
insufficient numbers and without enough water, prolonging the effort to
reach those affected. Photo/FILE
8/3/2019 Lecture 26 a Disaster Management Policy
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Disaster
disaster means a progressive or sudden,widespread or localised, natural or human-caused occurrence which
( a) causes or threatens to cause ± ( i) death, injury or disease;
± ( ii) damage to property, infrastructure or theenvironment; or
± ( iii) disruption of a community; and
( b) is of a magnitude that exceeds the ability of those affected by the disaster to cope with itseffects using only their own resources;
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disaster management
means a continuous and integrated multi-sectoral, multi-disciplinary process of planning, and implementation of measures, aimed at
( a) preventing or reducing the risk of disasters;( b mitigating the severity or consequences of
disasters;
( c) emergency preparedness;
( d) a rapid and effective response to disasters; and ( e) post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation;
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A continuous or cyclic process.
Pre-disaster risk reduction phase
Disaster Impact
Preparedness
Response
Mitigation Recovery
Prevention Development
Post-disaster recovery phase
Pre-disaster risk reduction p
hase
Disaster Impact
Preparedness
Response
Mitigation Recovery
Prevention Development
Post-disaster recovery phase
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PRINCIPLES OF THE DISASTER
MANAGEMENT POLICYTake a proactive approach to disaster management and promote aculture of prevention and preparedness among individuals andinstitutions.
Follow a multi-hazard approach to disaster management
Shift from a relief and welfare approach to a rights and entitlement-based approach to humanitarian assistance.
Since sustainable development will not be possible without the active
involvement of the communities, make the vulnerability reductionprogrammes community driven.
Integrate Disaster Management into Development Policy and Planning.
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Key factors to consider in a policy
Defining the roles and responsibilities of our local government anddepartments in respect to Disaster Management
Setting out the objectives of the Disaster Management Continuum
Elucidating the relationship between Disaster Management andDevelopment
Ensuring the funding for Disaster Management is sufficient,streamlined and efficient
Setting out the objectives of the development of adequate capacityto deal with Disaster Management
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Key factors to consider in a policy
Ensure quality at all stages of emergency managementincluding prevention, mitigation, relief and reconstruction andmake their adoption mandatory. For doing so, universallyaccepted minimum standards will be adopted. If necessary,
the standards would be modified taking into account localconditions and customs.
Attempt harmonious blending of all disaster managementinterventions with local cultural ethos.
Focus on protection of the environment.Promote inter-agency coordination and cooperation forDisaster Management.
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Key factors to consider in a policy
Involve all stakeholders in disaster management and definetheir roles in different stages of disasters.
Create an enabling environment for ensuring higherparticipation of all stakeholders
Work on legislation(s) to provide statutory backing toessential disaster management functions and agencies.
Establish a trigger mechanism for emergency operations.
View people as valuable partners and strengthen community-based coping mechanisms for dealing with disasters.
Promote a spirit of volunteerism, develop a cadre of well-trained volunteers whose services will be utilised duringemergencies.
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Key factors to consider in a policy
Document and use peoples indigenous knowledge, whenever possible.
Share information and knowledge about disasters and theirmanagement with all stakeholders.
Develop a network amongst various disaster management entities usingOSDMA as the main hub.
Establish an Institute dedicated to conducting research, development andtraining on disaster management related activities.
Make Disaster Management a part of the educational system andcurricula.
Ensure that humanitarian assistance is provided in an equitable,consistent and predictable manner.
Emphasize participation of women in all stages of Disaster Managementand recognise their special problems in disaster situation.
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THE ABSENCE OF A DISASTER MANAGEMENT POLICY
This could (and probably will) result in:
±More and extended hardship (especially amongst those that can illafford it)
± An increase in the disaster impact and consequences
± Greater and avoidable financial strain and delay in economic recoveryand urgently needed new developments
± Re-scheduling of development funds to address the consequences of adisaster
± Hesitancy on the part of international investors to invest in a countrythat cannot deal effectively or limit avoidable disasters
±Avoidable additional loss of life, property and community infrastructures
± Greater possibility of epidemics.
± Enhanced chance of political instability.
± Potentially a prolonged disruption in essential services.
±Recognise the higher vulnerability of children, elders, physically andmentally challenged, during and after emergencies and designinterventions accordingly.
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