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RF Microelectronics Course
Faculty:
Shivaji Tyagi,Prof. R. C. Jain
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida
August 6, 2014
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RF Microelectronics Course Contents
Building Blocks in RF System, Basic Concepts, PerformancesMetrics
Device Characteristics in RF Application Low Noise Amplifier Design
Mixer Design
Oscillator Design
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Relevant E.M. Spectrum
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RF Applications
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Wireless Standards
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Mobile Phone Network
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Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)
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Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
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Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)
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Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
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Wireless Sensor Networks1
1Harvard Sensor Networks Lab
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Worldwide Wireless Standards
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RFID
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Early Days of Radio: A Bit of History2
(1820 - 1870) Oerstedt, Amphere, Faraday, Maxwelldeveloped the theoritical basis for the radio revolution.
Oerstedt: Flowing currents induce magnetic fields Amphere: mutual forces between current carrying conductors Faraday: Magnetism could be transformed in electricity Maxwell: Unified the concepts
Hertz (1857 - 1894): Demonstrated the Maxwell predictions
2
Adolf j. Schwab, Peter Fischer, Maxwell, Hertz, and German radio-wavehistory, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol86, July 1998
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History of the Radio
The history of radio can betraced through the lives odfthese people:
Maxwell Hertz Heavyside Marconi DeForest Armstrong
Farnsworth Sarnoff
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James Clerk Maxwell (1831 - 1879)
Unified Electric andMagnetic Theory
Predicted ElectromagneticWave Propagation
Theorized that light was anelectromagnetic wave
( )
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Heinrich Hertz (1857 - 1894)
Experimentally verifiedMaxwells Theories
Generated and propagatedradio waves
Built first transmitter,anteena, and receiver
appratus
G
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Guglielmo Marconi
The inventor of radio
Improved and
commercialized Hertzsapparatus, used for radiotelegraphy
Among the first radioengineers.
Oli H id (1850 1925)
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Oliver Heavyside (1850 - 1925)
Heavyside was perhaps thefirst true electrical engineer
He was an odd recluse, whowas entirely self taught
Although unappreciated inhis time, he providedmathematical solutions toimportant problems
Among his accomplishmentsare transmission line theoryand Heavyside transforms
L D F (1873 1961)
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Lee DeForest (1873 - 1961)
Invented the audion
vacuum tube Allowed for amplification
and detection
Led to first transmission ofvoice and music
Ed i H d A t (1890 1954)
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Edwin Howard Armstrong (1890 - 1954)
Perhaps the greatest EE inthe history
Inventor of the: feedback amplifier
electronic oscillator super-hetrodyne receiver FM radio
These inventions allowed forthe transmission of voice
and music His ideas are still widely
used today !!!
Phil T F th (1907 1971)
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Philo T. Farnsworth (1907 - 1971)
Inventor of electronictelevision
Largely self-taught
Developed initial designwhile in high school
A victim of bad timing andsmall capital
Da id Sa off (RCA Maste i d 1891 1971)
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David Sarnoff (RCA Mastermind, 1891 - 1971)
Began as telegraph operatorfor Marconi
Originated idea of
broadcasting Became president of the
Radio Corporation ofAmerica
Was not an Engineer - andthe only guy who becomesreally wealthy!
The wireless music box has no
imaginable commercial value. Whowould pay for a message sent tonobody in particular ? -Regrettable Quote from theassociates of David Sarnoff
Birth of the Radio
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Birth of the Radio
First transmission at Villa Griffone (Italy), in 1885.
Transmission across Altantic Ocean, in 1901.
In 1896, Marconi was awarded the British patent12039:Improvements in transmitting electrical impulses andsignals and in apparatus therefor, for radio.
The famous 7777 (four-sevens) patent:Improvements inappratus for wireless telephony was issued to MarconisWireless Telegraph Company3, on April 26, 1901.
3
http://www.marconicalling.com/museum/html/objects/ephemera/objects-i=651.001-t=2-n=0.html
Patent 7777
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Patent 7777
The 1904 U.S. version of the 7777 patent, US patent No.763,772, was found to be invalid in a celebrated 1943
Supreme Court decision. There are some that claim thisdecision affirmed Nikolai Tesla as the inventor ofradio.
J C Bose4
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J. C. Bose The Gelena Detector (1904)
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Sengupta, D.L.; Sarkar, T.K.; Sen, D.; , Centennial of the semiconductordiode detector, Proceedings of the IEEE ,Jan 1998
E H Armstrong Innovations5 6
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E H Armstrong Innovations , Regenerative receiver (1912) Superheterodyne receiver (1919)
FM Radio (1935)
5Brittain, J.E.; , Electrical engineering Hall of Fame-Edwin H. Armstrong, Proceedings of the IEEE , vol.92,
no.3, pp. 575- 578, Mar 2004,6
Armstrong, E.H.; , Some recent developments in the audion receiver ,Proceedings of the IEEE , vol.51,no.8, pp. 1083- 1097, Aug. 1963
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