Session Goals Introduce you to Labor Market Information (LMI)
Build foundational knowledge of LMI Demonstrate a variety of LMI
resources Allow you to familiarize yourself with LMI tools
Slide 3
What is Labor Market Information (LMI)? Data that describe and
predict the relationship between labor supply and demand LMI
provides data on a variety of subjects: Population and labor force
trends Industry and occupational employment trends and projections
Wage and benefit information Career information relating to skills
and education Data are often available at different geographic
levels e.g., State, county, metro area, workforce development
region, etc.
Slide 4
Who uses LMI? Businesses and Entrepreneurs Jobseekers and
Students Individual Actors Economic and Workforce Dev. Service
Providers Education and Training Providers Researchers and Grant
Writers Federal, State, & Local Governments Policymakers &
Planners Media Commercial Data Vendors Value-added Disseminators
4
Slide 5
How can LMI help me as an Economic Developer? Better understand
my regions economy, and the economy of competitor regions Identify
potential opportunities for future development Understand my
available workforce and what companies are paying for labor Enhance
grant proposals Prioritize strategic goals
Slide 6
Our Agenda for the day Who is my regions workforce? Population
and labor force data Where are my regions jobs? Industry data Using
Local Employment Dynamics (LED) data Does my region have any unique
competitive advantages? Calculating location quotients What do my
workers do? Occupational data Pulling it all together
Slide 7
Who is my regions workforce?
Slide 8
In this section, we will: Introduce you to several sources of
demographic data US Census Bureau Alabama State Data Center
Identify sources of key labor force data available through Alabama
LMI Labor force data Unemployment data
Slide 9
Common questions Is my region growing or declining and how will
this affect my economy? Is my population aging? Will I have enough
workers to meet my workforce needs? How many people are looking for
work or are available to work?
Slide 10
The Feds Decennial Census www.2010.census.gov
www.2010.census.gov Population Estimates & Projections Annual
Estimates www.census.gov/popest/estimates.html
www.census.gov/popest/estimates.html American Community Survey
Annual Estimates
www.census.gov/acs/www/www.census.gov/acs/www/
Slide 11
US Census Bureau Resources Getting Census Data for your
community Interactive maps for the 2010 Census
http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/
http://2010.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ Alabama Quickfacts
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000.html
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000.html
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000lk.html
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000lk.html
Slide 12
Population Estimates Program (Annually) Annual estimate of
resident population Reference date is July 1 each year
Characteristics Included: Age Sex Race Hispanic origin
www.census.gov/popest/estimates.html
www.census.gov/popest/estimates.html
Slide 13
American Community Survey (Annually) Essentially the same
questions as the old Census long form 21 questions about housing
unit 48 questions about each person Conducted throughout the year
2.9 million addresses/about 4.5 million persons Roughly 1.5% of the
population each year Collected via mail, phone, & in-person
www.census.gov/acs/www www.census.gov/acs/www
Slide 14
American Community Survey (Annually) ACS Data grouped in 4
Types of Characteristics Demographic: sex, age, race Hispanic
origin, etc. Social: Educational attainment, marital status,
citizenship, language, etc. Economic: Employment, occupation,
industry, commute, household income, poverty, etc. Housing: Type of
unit, own/rent, age of structure, housing value, etc.
Slide 15
2010 ACS Data Releases Product Population Threshold Most
recently published 1-Year Estimates65,000+Sept. 2011 3-Year
Estimates20,000+Oct. 2011 5-Year Estimates Less than 20,000 Dec.
2011 1-Year, 3-Year and 5-Year Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS)
100,000+ 1-2 months after release
Slide 16
The Alabama State Data Center The Alabama State Data Center is
staffed through UAs Center for Business and Economic Research
Source of technical assistance Provide help with census, especially
small area estimates http://cber.cba.ua.edu/asdc
http://cber.cba.ua.edu/asdc
Slide 17
Using these sources, find the following information for your
county Exercise A Exercise B (If you were here yesterday) What was
your countys population in 2000 and 2010? How many people in your
county were aged 65 and older? What % of your population are 65+?
What % of your countys population (aged 25+) have at least a
Bachelors Degree? How does this compare to Alabama overall? What %
of your countys population in 2010 were born outside of the U.S.?
How does this compare to Alabama overall? What % of your countys
population (age 16+) that were employed in 2010 were self-employed?
How does this compare to Alabama overall? In 2010, what % of your
countys workers (16+) who did not work at home travel 30 min. or
more to work?
Slide 18
How big is my labor force? The labor force includes: People
aged 16 and older who are either in the labor force or actively
seeking work The labor force does not include: People in the armed
forces, retirees, stay-at-home parents, prisoners, discouraged
workers, mentally ill, etc.
Slide 19
How big is my labor force? The labor force participation rate
is the number of people aged 16 and above participating in the
labor force Around 64 percent for the US; 60 percent for Alabama
Data based on Current Population Survey (CPS) The CPS is a joint
program of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Census
Bureau http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Slide 20
Who is considered employed? Employed persons are those who,
during the week of the 12 th each month: Worked at least one hour
for pay or profit, or Were self-employed, or Worked at least 15
hours without pay on a family farm or business Had jobs but were
temporarily absent
Slide 21
Who is considered unemployed? The unemployed are persons who,
during the reference week of the 12 th each month: Were not
employed, Were available for work during the week, and Actively
looked for work within the last 4 weeks Also included as unemployed
are persons who were waiting to be called back to a job from which
they had been laid off Note: CPS does not ask about or use
unemployment insurance data.
Slide 22
Getting labor force and unemployment data for your
county/region The unemployment rate is the percent of people
without jobs in the labor force Provides an indication of the
health of your economy Offers an estimate of the number of people
actively seeking work Unemployment data available through Alabama
LMI and US BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.
LAUS is the only official statistic based on an estimating model,
and not a census or survey
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/LAUS/default.aspx
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/LAUS/default.aspx
http://www.bls.gov/lau/ http://www.bls.gov/lau/
Slide 23
Unemployment data available through Alabama LMI
Slide 24
Unemployment in the US, AL and Huntsville MSA Source: US BLS
LAUS
Slide 25
Unemployment Exercise Exercise A Exercise B (If you were here
yesterday) Using the Alabama LMI website: What was your countys
unemployment rate in March 2012? How many people were considered
unemployed? Using the BLS website: What was your countys highest
unemployment rate over the past 5 years? Hint: use
http://www.bls.gov/lau/http://www.bls.gov/lau/ Using the BLS
website For your closest MSA, look at the monthly unemployment
patterns How did the number change? How did the rate change?
Besides the recession, do you see any seasonal patterns? How did
that MSA compare to the state?
Slide 26
Questions?
Slide 27
Where are my regions jobs?
Slide 28
In this section, we will: Explain why you should track industry
employment. Introduce you to the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) Show you how to access simple
industry data, more detailed industry data and where can get
industry forecasts Show how you can compare you county/region to
other places.
Slide 29
We need industry data to answer several relevant questions Is
my economy healthy? How is my economy structured? How did the
recession affect my economy? What industries are responsible for
creating jobs or new start-ups? Does my region have any unique
competitive strengths?
Slide 30
Basic Economic Model Export or base activity (new $s) Non-basic
activity (recycled $s) Examples: Manufacturing Tourism Some
hospitals Regional shopping malls Social Security income Examples:
Auto repair services Small convenience retail Outpatient medical
Personal services like barber shops Print and copy shops
Slide 31
Definitions Basic Industry - Those industries that produce
goods and services ultimately sold to consumers outside the region.
Non-basic Industry - Those industries that produce goods and
services that are consumed locally.
Slide 32
Basic/Non-basic Theory A regions export industries are its
economic foundation Other industries thrive by servicing the export
industries and one another. A change in the basic sector will lead
automatically to a change in the same direction in the non-basic
sector. Large manufacturing plants may attract a Walmart A Walmart
will not attract a large manufacturing plant The ratio of non-basic
to basic activity is reasonably stable over the long term.
Slide 33
Accessing industry data: The North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS) Replaced the Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) codes Production-based: Economic units that
use like processes to produce goods or services are grouped
together Industries are classified according to what companies make
Jointly developed across North America
Slide 34
Economic Sectors in the North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS)
Slide 35
NAICS levelExample #1Example #2 NAICS codeDescriptionNAICS
codeDescription Sector31-33Manufacturing51Information
Subsector311Food Manufacturing513Broadcasting and
telecommunications Industry group 3115Dairy Product Manufacturing
5133Telecommunications Industry31151Dairy Product (except Frozen)
Manufacturing 51332Wireless telecommunications carriers, except
satellite U.S. Industry311513 Cheese Manufacturing 513321Paging
Unique to country; standardization ends at 5-digit code. North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS)
Slide 36
Benefits of NAICS Relevance identifies hundreds of new,
emerging, and advanced technology industries; more meaningful
sectors--especially in the service-producing segments International
Comparability provides for comparable statistics among the three
NAFTA trading partners. Consistency consistent principle:
businesses that use similar production processes are grouped
together. Adaptability reviewed every 5 years, to keep up with our
changing economy. www.census.gov/epcd/www/naicsben.htm
Slide 37
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) QCEW are
considered universe, not sample data Covers all employers subject
to state Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws, as well as Federal
employees Covers 98% of all nonfarm wage and salary workers and 45%
of agricultural workers QCEW produces detailed geographic data on
employment and wages. Cornerstone of most BLS programs
Slide 38
Accessing Alabama LMI
Slide 39
Exercise: NAICS data Look at the industry data handout, and
consider: What industries are the biggest source of jobs? What
industries might be the best source of new jobs? How would you
describe the economy of this region? How has it performed relative
to the state? What region do you think this is?
Slide 40
Finding employment data quickly on the BLS website
http://beta.bls.gov/maps/cew/us
Slide 41
Get State Data: State LMI Directory www.lmiontheweb.org
www.lmiontheweb.org
Slide 42
The Bureau of Labor Statistics Website http://bls.gov/cew
Slide 43
QCEW Exercise Use the BLS Website
(www.bls.gov/cew)www.bls.gov/cew Select two three digit NAICS
industries that you know are present in your county Complete
listing of NAICS here:
http://www.census.gov/naics/2007/NAICOD07.HTM
http://www.census.gov/naics/2007/NAICOD07.HTM What was the most
recent employment in those industries?
Slide 44
Why might you have encountered suppressed data? Data are
suppressed when: Fewer than 3 establishments in a given industry in
a given area One firm constitutes more than 80 percent of industry
employment in a given area http://www.incontext.indiana.
edu/2008/july-august/2.asp http://www.incontext.indiana.
edu/2008/july-august/2.asp
Slide 45
Industry Projections Industry projections provide an indication
of the direction and scale of industry growth trends They combine
past performance with national and regional trends The further out
they go, the less reliable they become They offer an educated guess
as to future growth, but remember no one has a crystal ball They
can be used as an input for thinking about economic development
targets or future workforce needs Projections for the State and
Workforce regions are available through Alabama LMI at:
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/Projections/Default.aspx
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/Projections/Default.aspx 2010 to 2020
projections will be released this summer
Slide 46
Industry projections from Alabama LMI
Slide 47
Projections Exercise In your region, what 2-digit NAICS sector
is projected to add the most employment between 2008 and 2018? Is
this sector projected to gain employment at a faster rate than the
US? What did the projections say about the 3-digit NAICS industries
you looked up in the previous exercise? How do the trends in these
industries compare to these industries nationwide?
Slide 48
Other resources: Stats America:
http://statsamerica.org/http://statsamerica.org/ Census County
Business Patterns: http://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/
http://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/
Slide 49
Take 10 minutes to explore StatsAmerica and/or County Business
Patterns Stats America County Business Patterns What percent of
your employment is in manufacturing? Health care? Where did your
county rank within the state? What was the average annual wage for
construction jobs in your county? Where did your county rank within
the state? Try comparing yourself to several other places How many
manufacturing establishments are in your county? How many have 100
or more workers? What sector had the most establishments with fewer
than 5 employees? What was the annual payroll in your county?
Slide 50
Questions?
Slide 51
Local employment dynamics
Slide 52
In this section, we will: Introduce you to the Local Employment
Dynamics (LED) Program Demonstrate the LEDs Online Tools Quarterly
Workforce Indicators Online OnTheMap
Slide 53
Local Employment Dynamics Partnership between state LMI
agencies and the Census Bureau Uses existing data Wage records
Demographic information Supplies statistics on employment, job
creation, turnover, and earnings by industry, age, and sex 53
Slide 54
Matching Process Source: Tom Tveidt, Syneva Economics, Inc
54
Slide 55
LEDs Online Tools Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) Online
Accesses 8 QWI covering employment, new hires, job creation and
destruction, and earnings. 2001-2011 Quarterly update OnTheMap Maps
and reports on workers and jobs covering 49 states, five years of
data, cross-state flows, and selectable geographic layers 2002-2010
Annual update Industry Focus Tool that reports the top industries
for area, age, gender, race/ethnicity and educational attainment
Average quarterly employment for 4 most recent quarters 55
Slide 56
Using LED in your research
Slide 57
Go to: http://lehd.did.census.gov/led/datatools/qwiapp.html
http://lehd.did.census.gov/led/datatools/qwiapp.html
Slide 58
Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI Online) Exercise
http://lehd.did.census.gov/led/datatools/qwiapp.html
http://lehd.did.census.gov/led/datatools/qwiapp.html Try to answer
questions like, what percent of my workforce: Are women? Are age 55
and older? Have at least a Bachelors degree? Are African-American
or Hispanic? 58
Slide 59
OnTheMap Maps where workers are employed and where they live
Basic analysis already done by the state
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/workforcedev/Commuting%20Patter
ns%20Pres/Default.aspx Provides companion reports with QWI data
Area Profile Analysis Area Comparison Analysis Distance/Direction
Analysis Destination Analysis Inflow/Outflow Analysis
http://lehdmap.did.census.gov/ http://lehdmap.did.census.gov/
Slide 60
Primary Jobs in Mobile, AL
Slide 61
Where Workers of Mobile, AL Live 157,633 primary jobs in Mobile
County, AL (2010) 52.6 percent of workers in Mobile County live
within 10 miles of their job Important Caveat It is important to
dig into the data and apply local knowledge since there can be
anomalies i.e. an employer, such as a grocery chain, filing wage
records from one location for stores in multiple locations
Slide 62
OnTheMap can be exported to Google Earth
Slide 63
In 2010, what percent of the workers in your region drive less
than 10 miles to work? How has this changed since 2005? In 2010,
what percent of the regions workers both live and work in the
region? How has this changed since 2005? 63
http://onthemap.ces.census.gov/ OnTheMap Exercise
Slide 64
QWI versus OTM Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) OnTheMap
(OTM) Variables (categories) Age (8) Sex (2) Education (4) Race (6)
Ethnicity (2) Industry (4 digit) Economic Indicators Employment,
Net Job Flows Job Creation, New Hires, Separations, Job Turnover,
Earnings Age (3) Education (4) Race (6) Ethnicity (2) Ownership (2)
Industry (2 digit) Economic Indicators - Total Employment &
Earnings (3) Geographic DetailCounty MSA WIA Area Census Block
Residence/Work User defined areas UpdatesQuarterlyAnnual
Slide 65
Strengths and Weaknesses of LED Strengths Detailed geography
and industry Rich micro data for research High frequency 9 months
after transaction date Limitations No national statistics Working
toward national stats
Slide 66
Questions?
Slide 67
Do I have any unique competitive advantages?
Slide 68
In this section, we will: Introduce to you the basic concepts
of Location Quotients
Slide 69
Location Quotients (LQs) are a regularly used method for
regional analysis LQs measure the relative concentration of a given
industry in a given place. Often relative to the nation, but can
also calculate state LQs Calculated by dividing the proportion of
the regions economic activity in an industry, by the proportion of
the nations economic activity in that same industry. Industry
employment is the most commonly used variable, but could also
generate LQs from other variables. E.g., occupational employment,
industrial output, revenue, etc.
Slide 70
Location Quotients Total Industry Region Nation Formula
Interpretation Source: J. Paytas
Slide 71
Interpreting LQs Can use location quotient to get a sense of
the specialization of regional industries General rules of thumb
LQs of 1.2 or higher indicates some degree of specialization LQs of
0.8 to 1.2 indicate normal distribution of industry within the
region LQs of less than 0.8 may indicate that the region may be
deficient Depends on size of region, nature of industry Smaller
regions may have larger LQs Not industries are appropriate for all
places If all location quotients near or at 1.0, will see the
region resembling the national economy Region may be sufficiently
diversified
Slide 72
Thinking about LQs Sensitive to the size of the region and base
Sensitive to the level of industry IndustryAlabamaMadison County,
AL (Huntsville) NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing 1.511.42 NAICS 336
Transportation Equipment MFG 2.533.93 NAICS 3364 Aerospace Product
and Parts MFG 2.127.12
Slide 73
Location Quotient Calculators
Slide 74
Location Quotients Exercise Use the BLS Location Quotient
Calculator for your county:
http://data.bls.gov/location_quotient/ControllerServlet
http://data.bls.gov/location_quotient/ControllerServlet Find the
LQs for your county at the Sub-sector level (3-digit NAICS) Which
sub-sectors were most concentrated in your county? What was the LQs
for the 3 largest sub-sectors?
Slide 75
Questions?
Slide 76
What do my workers do?
Slide 77
In this section, we will: Introduce you to the Standard
Occupational Classification System (SOC). Show you how to access
data on occupational employment and wage and projected future
employment. Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Occupational
Projections
Slide 78
Common questions What types of occupations/jobs are in my
region and what do those jobs pay? What education and training is
required for those occupations/jobs? What types of occupations are
projected to be in demand in my region in the future?
Slide 79
Workers Occupations The Standard Occupational Classification
(SOC) is a system designed to: Classify all occupations in the
economy, including private, public, and military occupations
Provide a means to compare occupational data across government
agencies Revised periodically: 2010 revision Net new job count is
19; 2 of them green www.bls.gov/soc/soc_structure_2010.pdf
www.bls.gov/soc/soc_structure_2010.pdf Contains information on 840
detailed occupations
Slide 80
Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) Structure Broad
categories lead to unique 6-digit codes for each occupation: 22
Major groups ; divided into... 49-0000 Installation, Maintenance,
and Repair 98 Minor groups; divided into... 49-9000 Other
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair 450 Broad occupations;
divided into... 49-9080 Wind Turbine Service Technicians 800+
Detailed occupations 49-9081 Wind Turbine Service Technicians
Slide 81
Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates Occupational
Employment Statistics (OES) OES collects detailed occupational and
wage information by industry and area Semi-annual establishment
survey 1.2 million establishments over 3 years Nonfarm, Ag Services
& Governments All 50 states Data are published annually May
2011 most recent
Slide 82
What Estimates Are Included? Occupational Employment
Occupational Wages (Hourly and/or Annual) Mean Average wage Median
- The point at which 50% of the employment was below this wage and
50% was above Entry The average of the lowest third of reported
wages for the occupation Experience The average of the upper
two-thirds of reported wages for the occupation *** BLS also
produces 10th, 25th, 75th & 90th wage rate percentile
estimates
Slide 83
Sample OES Data for Alabama The average wage The average wage
of the lower two-thirds The average wage of the upper
two-thirds
Slide 84
Alabama OES Estimates Geography Statewide Metros 11 MSAs
Balance of State Areas Counties not in a MSA Industries
Cross-industry 2-digit NAICS
www2.dir.state.al.us/OES/Wage/default.aspx
www2.dir.state.al.us/OES/Wage/default.aspx *** Wage data is aged to
current year using the latest quarterly Employment Cost Index (ECI)
factors
Slide 85
Geography and Industries of National OES Estimates Geography
Nationwide State, MSA & Nonmetro Areas www.bls.gov/oes/home.htm
www.bls.gov/oes/home.htm Cross-industry Example of Cross Industry:
All Machinists (51-4041) www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes514041.htm
www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes514041.htm By 3-, 4- and 5-digit NAICS
4-digit NAICS Example: Machinists working in the Motor Vehicle
Parts Manufacturing Industry
www.bls.gov/oes/current/naics4_336300.htm
Slide 86
Occupational Projections Occupational Projections released
every two years BLS develops national projections Cross-industry
and Industry-specific 2010-20 most current release www.bls.gov/emp/
www.bls.gov/emp/ States develop state projections Cross-industry
2008-18 most current release 2010-20 projects should be out in July
www2.dir.state.al.us/Projections/default.aspx
www2.dir.state.al.us/Projections/default.aspx
Slide 87
Occupational Projection Estimates Employment Base year & 10
years forward Average Annual Growth annual % change in employment
Average Annual Job Openings Total Openings - Numeric change in
employment Growth Newly created jobs Replacement Number of jobs
that will arise due to workers who change occupations, retire, etc.
**Employment may not be sufficient in an occupation to allow the
development of projections or the data may be confidential
Slide 88
Example of Occupational Projections Openings due to newly
created jobs Openings projected due to workers leaving the
occupation
Slide 89
Education and Training Required for Occupations BLS assigns
three categories of information to each detailed occupation: 1.
Typical education needed for entry 2. Commonly required work
experience in a related occupation 3. Typical on-the-job training
needed to obtain competency in the occupation *** This
classification system is new with the 2010-20 projections
Slide 90
Typical Education Needed for Entry 1. Less Than High School
janitors and cleaners or cashiers 2. High School Diploma or
Equivalent food service manager or pharmacy technicians 3. Some
College, No Degree transportation inspectors or computer support
specialists 4. Postsecondary Non-Degree Award (certificate or other
award) nursing aides, emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and
paramedics or hairstylists 5. Bachelors Degree dietitian or civil
engineers 6. Associates Degree mechanical drafters, respiratory
therapists or dental hygienists 7. Masters Degree physician
assistants or educational, vocational, and school counselors 8.
Doctoral or Professional degree Lawyers, physicians and surgeons or
dentists
Slide 91
Commonly Required Work Experience A. No experience Nuclear
engineer or dishwasher B. Less than 1 year of experience Meeting,
convention and event planners or restaurant cooks C. 1 to 5 years
of experience Human resources managers or locomotive engineers D.
More than 5 years of experience Computer and information systems
managers or financial managers
Slide 92
Typical On-The-Job Training Needed to Attain Competency 1. None
Geographers or pharmacists 2. Short-Term OTJ Floral designers or
sewing machine operators 3. Moderate-Term OTJ School bus drivers or
printing press operators 4. Long-Term OTJ Millwrights or tool and
die makers 5. Apprenticeships Electricians or real estate
appraisers 6. Internship/residency Landscape architects or
orthodontist
Slide 93
Occupations Projected With the Fastest Growth
Slide 94
OES Exercise 1. On the LMI website, look up what occupation in
your region (Balance of State or MSA) for the manufacturing sector
had the highest estimated employment. A. What is its SOC Code? B.
What is its Mean Hourly and Annual Wage?
http://www2.dir.state.al.us/OES/Wage/default.aspx 2. On the BLS
website, look up that occupation/SOC Code for the manufacturing
sector A. How does its Mean Hourly and Annual Wage compare to the
region? http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/naics2_31-33.htm
Slide 95
Questions?
Slide 96
Pulling this all together
Slide 97
Pulling it together Goal is to tell a story Grant proposals
Data reports Marketing materials Everyone is entitled to his own
opinion, but not his own facts. ---D.P. Moynihan Develop an agreed
upon set of facts/issues from which to make decisions Labor Force
Size and Change in Unifour Annual Growth Rate of the Furniture
Industry (2002- 2011) Annual New and Replacement Jobs for Key
Furniture Occupations
Slide 98
Data Analysis and Research in the Planning Process Lead Execute
PrioritizeAnalyze
Slide 99
Consider using multiple data sources Short TermLong Term
Secondary Data Primary Data Direct Business Input Industry Surveys
Real Time Labor Market Information Economic, Workforce and
Education Data
Slide 100
Final thought The make a friend strategy---Dont be afraid to
pick up the phone Alabama LMI Alabama State Data Center US Census
Bureau, US Bureau of Labor Statistics All these agencies employ
real people who are willing and able to help you Bonus final
thought: Always source and date your data!