Quattrocento Italian Art
Early Renaissance Theme
PMA- Perspective- Modeling- Anatomy
“Positive Mental Attitude”P=AM^2
What was happening during the quattrocento?
• Humanism flourished!• Gutenberg’s printing press• Wealth & Power
– Condottieri (military leaders) – Princely Courts– The Medici Family
The Baptistery door competition of 1401
-Originally 7 finalists, only 2 panels survive-Between Brunelleschi & Ghiberti
Filippo Brunelleschi
Sacrifice of Isaac
1401-1402gilded bronze relief1 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 5 in.
Lorenzi Ghiberti
Sacrifice of Isaac
1401-1402gilded bronze relief1 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 5 in.
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
Guilds commission sculptures for niches
Nanni di Banco
Quattro Santo Coronati
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
ca. 1408-1414marblefigure approximately life-size
Donatello
Saint Mark
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
1411-1413marblefigure 7 ft. 9 in. high
Donatello
Saint George
Or San Michele, Florence, Italy
1411-1413marblefigure 6 ft. 10 in. high
Donatello
Feast of Herod
Baptistery, Siena Cathedral
ca. 1425gilded bronze relief1 ft. 11 in. x 1 ft. 11 in.
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Gates of Paradise
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze reliefapproximately 17 ft. high
Perspective - constructing convincing illusion of space in 2D imagery
Linear perspectiveAtmospheric perspective
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Gates of Paradise
Isaac and His Sons
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze reliefpanel approximately 2 ft. 7 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 7 1/2 in.
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Isaac and His Sons
Baptistery, Florence Cathedral
1425-1452gilded bronze relief
Donatello
David
ca. 1428-1432bronze5 ft. 2 1/4 in. high
Symbol of Florence
First fully nude male freestanding sculpture since antiquity
Andrea del Verrocchio
David
ca. 1465-1470bronzeapproximately 4 ft. 1 1/2 in. high
Antonio Pollaiuolo
Hercules and Anteus
ca. 1475bronzeapproximately 18 in. high
Donatello
Gattamelata (Erasmo da Narni)
Piazza del Santo, Padua, Italy
ca. 1445-1450bronze approximately 11 x 13 ft.
Condottieres (military leaders)
Andrea del Verrocchio
Bartolommeo Colleoni
Campo dei Santi, Venice Italy
ca. 1483-1488bronzeapproximately 13 ft. high
Gentile da Fabriano
Adoration of the Magi Altarpiece
from Santa Trinita, Florence, Italy
1423tempera on woodapproximately 9 ft. 11 in. x 9 ft. 3 in.
FLORENTINE PAINTING
Masaccio
Tribute Money
Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, Italy
ca. 1427fresco8 ft. 1 in. x 19 ft. 7 in.
Masaccio
Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden
Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, Italy
ca. 1425fresco7 ft. x 2 ft. 11 in.
Masaccio
Holy Trinity
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
ca. 1428fresco21 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
One-point perspective
Masaccio
Holy Trinity
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
ca. 1428fresco21 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
Pyramidal composition
“I was once what you are, and what I am you will become”
Fra Angelico
Annunciation
San Marco, Florence, Italy
ca. 1440-1445fresco7 ft. 1 in. x 10 ft. 6 in.
Andrea del Castagno
Last Supper
Refectory monastery of Sant’Apollonia, Florence, Italy
1447frescoapproximately 15 x 32 ft.
Fra Filippo Lippi
Madonna and Child with Angels
ca. 1455tempera on woodapproximately 3 ft. x 2 ft. 1 in.
Fra Filippo Lippi, the Florentine bad boy
Domenico Ghirlandaio
Birth of the Virgin
Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy
1485-1490fresco
Religious + secular imagery
Domenico Ghirlandaio
Giovanna Tornabuoni
1448oil and tempera on woodapproximately 2 ft. 6 in. x 1 ft. 8 in.
Paolo Uccello
Battle of San Romano
ca. 1455tempera on woodapproximately 6 ft. x 10 ft. 5 in.
Gentile’s “Adoration of the Magi”
Sandro Botticelli
Primavera
ca. 1482tempera on canvas5 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 1 in.
Sandro Botticelli
The Birth of Venus
ca. 1482tempera on canvas5 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 1 in.
Medici patronage reflects their sincere love of art and wide and eclectic tastes
Antonio Pollaiuolo
Battle of the Ten Nudes
ca. 1465engravingapproximately 15 x 23 in.
écorché
Filippo Brunelleschi
dome of Florence Cathedral
Florence, Italy
1420-1436 **Roman influence!
Innovations: -Double shell-Ribs-Heavy lantern
Filippo Brunelleschi
interior of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436
Filippo Brunelleschi
plan of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436 planned constructed
Filippo Brunelleschi
interior of Santo Spirito
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1436
Filippo Brunelleschi
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
Filippo Brunelleschi (loggia by Giuliano da Maiano)
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
Filippo Brunelleschi
Pazzi, Chapel, Santa Croce
Florence, Italy
begun ca. 1440
Family endowed chapels
“pietra serena”
Michelozzo di Bartolommeo
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Florence, Italy
begun 1444
Cornice
Stringcourses
Dressed
masonry
Rustication
Why didn’t Brunellechi design the Medici Palace?
Michelozzo di Bartolommeo
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi
Florence, Italy
begun 1444
Leon Battista Alberti
•First Renaissance architect to understand Roman Architecture in depth
•Advocated a system of ideal proportions • central plan as ideal form for Christian
churches• an arch should be supported by a
section of wall (a pier) and not by a column
• Disposed of medieval arcade used for centuries
•Applied classical elements to contemporary buildings
Leon Battista Alberti
Palazzo Rucellai
Florence, Italy
ca. 1452-1470
Leon Battista Alberti
West façade of Santa Maria Novella
Florence, Italy
ca. 1458-1470
San Miniato
Perugino
Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to Saint Peter
Sistine Chapel, Vatican, Rome, Italy
1481-1483fresco11 ft. 5 1/2 in. x 18 ft. 8 1/2 in.
Luca Signorelli
Damned Cast into Hell
San Brizio Chapel, Orvietto Cathedral, Orvietto, Italy
1499-1504frescoapproximately 23 ft. wide
Savonarola – Burn the vanities! Exile the Medici!
Piero della Francesca
Enthroned Madonna and Saints Adored by Federico de Montefeltro
ca. 1472-1474oil on panel8 ft. 2 in. x 5 ft. 7 in.
“Sacra conversazione”
Piero della Francesca
Flagellation of Christ
ca. 1455-65
oil on panel1’11” x 2’8”
Leon Battista Alberti
façade of Sant’Andrea
Mantua, Italy
designed ca. 1470
How does Alberti combine classical elements to fit a Christian purpose?
+
Sant’Andrea, interior
Andrea Mantegna
Camera degli Sposi
Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy
1474fresco
Andrea Mantegna
Camera degli Sposi ceiling
Palazzo Ducale, Mantua, Italy
1474fresco8 ft. 9 in. diameter
Andrea Mantegna
Dead Christ
ca. 1501tempera on canvas2 ft. 2 3/4 in. x 2 ft. 7 7/8 in.
Sandro Botticelli
Portrait of a Youth
early 1480stempera on panel16 x 12 in.
Domenico Ghirlandaio
A Man with His Grandchild
ca. 1480-90oil and tempera on wood24 3/8 in. x 18 1/8 in.
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