International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | July-2015www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved Page 1387 Comparison of Steel Beams Ajim S. Shaikh,Lecturer,Department of Civil Engineering,AIET Polytechnic,Maharashtra,India Shahrukh K. Kazee,Student ,Department of Civil Engineering,AIET Polytechnic,Maharashtra,India Vishal R. Vitnor, Student,Department of Civil Engineering,AIET Polytechnic,Maharashtra,India Sanket S. Desai,Student,Department of Civil Engineering,AIET Polytechnic,Maharashtra,India

---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract-InourProjecttheComparisonBetween CastellatedBeamandCellularBeamiscarriedoutby differenttest.Aconcentratedloadorreactionpoint applieddirectlyoveraweb-postcausethisfailure mode,suchafailuremodecouldbepreventedif adequatewebreinforcingstiffenersareprovided.in castellatedbeamwehavetousehexagonal,Square opening and cellular has to kept circular web. UseofCastellatedbeamforvariousstructure rapidly gaining appeal. This is due to increased depth of section without any addition of weight, high strength to weightratio,theirlowermaintenanceandpainting cost.A castellated beam has some limitation also Stress concentrationoccursneartheperforationandthe shearcarryingcapacityisreduced.Stress concentrationmaybereducedbymakingperforation neartheneutralaxiswherethestressesaresmalland making the cut in zig-zag manner. Key Words: structural, castellated beam, FEA. 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Theprimaryadvantageofcastellatedbeamsisthe improvedstrengthduetotheincreaseddepthofthe sectionwithoutanyadditionalweight.Howeverone consequenceoftheincreaseddepthofthesectionisthe developmentofstabilityproblemsduringerection.To fullyutilizetheengineeringadvantageofcastellated beams,erection stability must be considered. Theresistanceofcastellatedbeamsisfrequently controlledbyshearingforces.Theseforcesmaycause excessive stresses in the tee-sections above and below the holesexcessivestressesatmid-depthoftheweb-post between holes or web-buckling involving the web-post.Thedisadvantagewasthattheinstabilitymodes identifiedcouldbeassociatedwithbifurcationortoin-planeyield,anditwasnotalwaysclearwhich. Furthermore,theintensivecomputationalworkmadeit difficult to obtain general results. Subsequent examination suggeststhattheresponseinmanycasescanbeexpected tobeprimarilyelastic,andinviewofthepossibilitythat elastic analysis can be used to obtain general results. Tests ofanumberofcastellatedbeamswerereportedinthe same reference. These beams contained from six to twelve holes and were loaded by a central concentrated load, thus creating a uniform shear span containing several holes.[1] 2.PROBLEM DEFINITION 1 Thisnewtypeofbeamshowedamechanicalbehavior similartothatofisolatedrectangularopeningsmainly regardingtheVierendeelbending.However,unlike rectangularorhexagonalopeningswherethecritical sectionsareinthecorners,itisnoteasytodefinethe positionofthecriticalsectionaroundcircularopenings. Numerous investigations and especially the work ofWard based on finite element study provided substantial results thatwereusedtodevelopareliabledesignmethodto checktheresistanceofcellularbeamswithcircular openings. The method proposes to check incrementally all the inclined sections around the opening starting from the straightsectionatthemidspanoftheopening.Then,the internal load of each inclined tee section is compared to its resistance as shown inwhere VEd and MEd are the global shearforceandbendingmoment.Moreover,several worksoncastellatedandcellularbeamsshowedanew localfailuremodeduetothebucklingoftheintermediate web-post. This failure mode is observed for closely spaced openings and slender profiles.[2] Fig 2: Problem Definition International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | July-2015www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved Page 1388 3.CASTELLATED BEAM 1 A) Terminology Throughoutthispapervarioustermswillbeusedto discusscastellatedbeamcomponentsandtestingresults. Thissectionintroducesthereadertothedefinitionof these terms and Figure 1.4 illustrates the terms. -WebPost:Thecross-sectionofthecastellatedbeam where the section is assumed to be a solid cross-section. -Castellation:Theareaofthecastellatedbeamwherethe web has been expanded (hole). -ThroatWidth:Thelengthofthehorizontalcutonthe rootbeam.Thelengthoftheportionofthewebthatis included with the flanges. -ThroatDepth:Theheightoftheportionofthewebthat connects to the flanges to form the tee section. -ExpansionPercentage:Thepercentagechangein depthofthesectionfromtheroot(original)beamtothe fabricated castellated section. Fig 1: Terminology B) Fabrication Of Castellated Beam And Cellular Beam Fabrication of castellated beams is a comparatively simple seriesofoperationswhenadequatehandlingand controllingequipmentisused.StructuralSteelbyburning twoormoreat.atime,dependingupontheirdepth. Splittingisperformedbyusingacomponentoftheoxy-acetylene gas cutter equipment shown in fig.5.1 This isan electricallypropelledbuggywhichrunsonafixedtrack. Thebuggyhasbuildingburningpatternsthatcanbe adjusted to any one of live standard longitudinal "module" dimensions and to any hall-opening height.Castellatedsteelbeamsfabricatedfromstandardhot-rolledI-sectionshavemanyadvantagesincludinggreater bendingrigidity,largersectionmodulus,optimumself-weightdepthratio,economicconstruction,easeof servicesthroughthewebopeningsandaesthetic architecturalappearance.However,thecastellationofthe beamsresultsindistinctivefailuremodesdependingon geometryofthebeams,sizeofwebopenings,web slenderness, type of loading, quality of welding and lateral restraintconditions.Thefailuremodescompriseshear, flexural,lateraltorsionalbuckling,ruptureofwelded joints and web postbuckling failure modes.[2] C) Design Of Cellular Beam 1) Guidelines for web perforations The limits of applicability are: a) 1.08