Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Pei-Shan Chen Dr.Eng
Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
and Architecture
Graduate School
Hachinohe Institute of
Technology
Pei-Shan Chen Dr.Eng
Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
and Architecture
Graduate School
Hachinohe Institute of
Technology
Introduction to
1.5-Layer Space
Frames
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Qingming Shanghe Tu
528cm in length , 24.8cm in width
Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 960-1127)
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
The Study Model
Horizental member
Four members arch
Three members arch
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Elevation Section
Three members
arch
Horizontal
member
Four members arch
Model of Hongiqao
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
The Deformation
max
mm.max
230
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Distribution of Axial Forces
7.7kN
9.6kN
10.1kN
13.8kN
12.4kN
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Distribution of Moments
0.9kN・m
1.3kN・m
1.73kN・m1.28kN・m
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Model for Structural Analysis
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Application to Modern Structural DesignApplication to Modern Structural Design
A cylindrical frame with Lap-Beams
Cone-Shaped Lap-Beam
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech. Lap-Beam Dome (Zaru Dome)
Application to Modern Structural DesignApplication to Modern Structural Design
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
ザル・ドーム
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
A Zaru Dome
From Basket Meshing to Space Frame
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Definition of A 1.5-Layer Space Frame
A 1.5-Layer Space Frame is a
structure composed by bars pined
with two layers of joints, and there is
no member linking two or more joints
in one certain layer.
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
The key parts and basic units
(b) Lap- units
(c) Crossing- units(a) Key parts
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Lap- units
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Lap-units in Curved Shape
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
added members
Crossing- units
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
On the Stability
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
On the Stability
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
A
B
A’
B’
Kutzbach-Gruebler Equation
F=6(n-1)- 𝑘(6 − 𝑘)fk
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Demonstrate the stability by linear analysis
Rank(Stiffness Matrix) → DOF
Linear static solution → Stable structure
Analytical model => flat/planar frames
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Demonstrate the stability by linear analysis
Lap- units
Crossing- units
Plane frame, Steel, Span: 33.0m, Vertical members H=1.5m, A = 100cm2 , P= 18kN
Max. Vertical disp.: 7.45cm
Peak member forces:
+332kN
-473kN
Max. Vertical disp.: 4.70cm
Peak member forces:
+255kN
-558kN
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Versatility for Form Design
Planar frames
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Versatility for Form Design
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Hybrid Frame System
1.5-Layer Space Frames + Double Layer Space Frames
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Free Grid
Random grids generated from Chinese window grilles
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
• Single Layer
• Double Layers
multi-Layers
• 1.5-Layer
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Classification of Space Frames
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Conclusion
• The 1.5-Layer Space Frame is a new structure system
inspirited from the Hongqiao bridge painted in
Qingming Shanghe Tu.
• The system has versatility for form design.
• Further researches are required to demonstrate Its
mechanical characteristics and develop the structural
design methods.
• The author promotes to re-classify the types of space
frames into: 1) Double and multi-Layers, 2) 1.5-Layer,
and 3) Single Layer Space Frames.
Peishan Chen Dr.Eng., Hachinohe Tech.
Peishan Chen, Hachinohe Tech.
Thank you !!
八户工业大学S-Art 研究会
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