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ITER
Presented by:
Pardeep Dixit
UE94047
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History
In Nov 1985,France,UK & Soviet Union proposed a
project to US president to develop fusion energy
Conceptual design began in 1988
US, European union, Soviet Union & Japan werethe initial signatories
Final design was approved in 2001
China,Korea joined in 2003 & India jioned in 2005
On June 28,2005 site was finalised at Cadarachein south of france
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ITER Agreement
On 21st Nov,2006
European Union contributes 45% of thetotal cost
Remaining six nations contribute
9%each
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Objectives
To meet future energy demands
Q>=10
Ignite burning plasma
Develop technologies & processes for afusion plant
Verify tritium breeding concepts
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CONSTRUCTION
ITER Machine Assambly(TOKAMAK)
Assembjed in bottom
up fashion
Contains 1 million
components
30 m in diameter
Installed in a concrete
shield To be maintained at
constant temp
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Blanket
Covers interior surfaces of
vaccum vessel
Beryllium covers the first
wall
Made of copper & steel Provide shielding to
vessel & superconducting
magnets
Neutrons are slowed
down in blanket
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CRYOSTAT
Large stainless steel structure
Provides supercool,vaccum
environment 29.3 m tall,28.6 m wide Has many openings for cooling
system,diagnostics etc
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DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
Provide measurements to control & evaluate plasma performance
Include measurement of temp,density,impurity content etc
Comprise of 50 individual measuring systems
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DIVERTER
Made of 54 remotely-removable cassettes CFC or tungsten used as surface material
Bear temp of upto 3000* c
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MAGNETIC SYSTEM
Consists 18 toroidal,6 poloidal field coils & a central solenoid
Coils lie b/w cryostat & vaccum vessel
High M.F of 13 T is produced
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Toroidal system
Poloidal system
Central solenoid
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EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
COOLING WATER
POWER SUPPLY
REMOTE HANDLING
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WORKING
FUSION??
FUSION PROCESS IN GALAXY
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REACHING 150 MILLION DEGREE CELCIUS
Ohmic heating
Neutral beam injection heating
Radio freq heating
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TRITIUM BREEDING & FUEL CYCLE
0n1 + 3Li
6 = 1T3 + 2He
4
0n1 + 3Li7 = 1T3 + 2He4 + 0n1
FUEL CYCLE
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WHY ITER???
Extremely reliable
Fusion fuels are abundantly available on earth
Very small amount of deuterium & tritium arerequired to initiate the reaction
Q>=10
Environmental friendly
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THANKS
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