3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof
Inter-ethnic marriage in the Netherlands
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof2 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Geen belangenverstrengeling
• Ik, of een familielid in de eerste graad, heb geen significant financieel belang bij of ander belang met een commercieel product /organisatie dat direct of indirect een relatie heeft met het wetenschappelijk programma
• Ik bespreek geen commerciële producten, of experimenteel gebruik van een product dat niet is goedgekeurd voor dit gebruik gedurende de presentatie tijdens het wetenschappelijke programma.
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof3 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Najib and Julia (by Theo van Gogh)
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof4 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Content lecture
• Numbers: population, marriages• Possible reasons for success and failure in inter-
ethnic relationships• Clinical implications• Case vignettes• Conclusions
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof5 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Population in NL, in 1000s (1.1.2007)(C.B.S., 2007)
1,432845587Western ‘allochtoon’
1,7387231,015Non-Western ‘allochtoon’
13,184‘Autochtoon’
(Dutch)
16,354Total
TotalSecond generation
First generation
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof6 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Population in NL, in 1000s (1.1.2007)
390264126Indonesia
742746Latin Am.
31291222Asia
19272119Africa
1295179Neth.Ant.
333147186Surinam
329161168Morocco
369173195Turkey
TotalSecond generFirst generorigin
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof7 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Prognosis population (2015)
1,525870655Western ‘allochtoon’
1,9308941.036Non-western ‘allochtoon’
13,141‘Autochtoon’
(Dutch)
16,595Total
TotalSecond generation
First generation
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof8 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Divorce percentages after 10 years (van Huis & Steenhof, 2003)
294454Non-western all.
352124Western all.
302317Dutch
Female non-western all.
Female western all.
Female DutchMale
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof9 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Marriages in 4 groups (1.1.01)(van Huis & Steenhof, 2003; Janssen, 2002)
(20 % of all marriages in 2001)
11.638.449.269.1Total (x 1000)
12.79.05.810.4Other
0.00.30.10.8m f 2nd
9.45.10.30.4m D f 2nd
7.14.60.20.3m 2nd f D
23.616.42.11.0m D f 1st
21.010.94.63,3m 1st f D
26.153.686.783.9m/f same 1st gen
Neth.Ant.SurinamMoroccoTurkey%
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof10 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Divorce percentages after 10 years, specific populations
17M + f D
35433120m+f 1st gen
2928(n.m.)(n.m.)m D f 1st gen
41307469m 1st gen f D
Neth. Ant.
SurinamMoroccoTurkeyDutch%
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof11 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Qualitative research (Dormans, 1999)
• 15 mixed couples (Turkish males/Dutch women; quite modern/ not practicing Muslims) vs. 5 unmixed couples
• Rules: about friends, about education, about intimacy, about communication.
• Problems in both groups: problems with friends of different gender, showing affection to others.
• Problems in mixed couples: directive versus nondirective style of communication, education, lack of freedom, not being able to swear in conflicts.
• Explanation differs: e.g. problems with friends of different gender: based on personality or culture. Leads to other attitude.
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof12 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Clinical implications
• More inter-ethnic marriages in clinical practice: marriages as metaphor for multicultural society
• Conflicts arise often about rules and models in relations
• Importance to get information about hidden and informal rules in relations
• Rules can give information about acceptance of culture
• Culture can be used as excuse for differences
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof13 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Clinical Vignette
• Afghani man and Russian woman• Avoidance of visits to Afghani families• Different views on education of children• At the end acceptance of each others cultures and
personalities
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof14 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Clinical Vignette 2
• Persian male and Dutch female• Many conflicts about territory and upbringing of
children• During conflicts sudden authoritarian attitude of
man• Great acceptance of behavior of man by woman• Still proceeding therapy
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof15 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Conclusions
• Inter-ethnic marriage counseling asks for specialized therapists who know about
• Common mechanisms in marriage counseling• Specific rules, norms and values in specific
cultures• Specific aspects of inter-ethnic relations (e.g. use
of culture as excuse for differences)• Do opposites attract divorce?
3 april 2009 Hans Rohlof16 INTERETHNIC MARRIAGE IN THE NETHERLANDS
Do opposites attract divorce?
• Yes, when you look to percentages• No, when you look to exceptions: in higher social
class, in intellectual environment.
Consult our website www.centrum45.nl for further information.
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