Integration of CC into Development Project/Programmes,
National Plan and Budgetary Process
Mohammad Abdul Qayyum
National Project Director, CDMP II
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Climate Change will increase the frequency of Flood, Drought, Salinity, cyclone, Tidal Surge, Sea Level rise etc; which will affect: (i) Food Security; (ii) Increased Vector Borne Diseases; (iii) increased Infrastructural Damage and (iv) Degradation of Natural Resources, Upon which livelihood is dependent.
Today’s Development Policy will shape or influence future capacity;
Development business-as-usual may increase vulnerability
Context
Rationale for Integration
Development
means
Wellbeing of
Society,
Economy, &
Environment
Climate
Change and
Disasters
challenge
development
gains and
future goals
Development
must be
resilient to
assure the
expected well-
being
Integrating
Disaster and
Climate Risks,
is thus a
necessity,
towards
development
risk reduction
Finance Division
Internal Resources Division
Bdesh Bureau of Statistics
Bangladesh Bank
Planning Divisions
PLANNING COMMISSION
Line Ministries / Divisions
Implementing Agencies
Sub-Implementing Agencies (Contractors)
Communities
Economic Relations Divisions
Development Partners
Long Term Vision
Medium Term Plan
allocations based on size of population and area
Issues in the CONVENTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS: Centralized, top-down
Ultimately: Not sensitive to
local disaster and climate risks
Issues : • Inter-sectoral coordination gaps • Bifurcation of DRR and CCA • Prominent power dynamics at
national and local level
PUBLIC PLANNING SYSTEM
EVALUATION
POLICY PLANNING
SECTORAL PLANNING
PROGRAMME PLANNING
PROJECT PLANNING
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING
i. Determination of Goals, objectives, priorities and strategies and policy measure
ii. Identification of the required role sectors to play in the context of goal and objectives (i)
iii. Formulation of detailed sectoral programmes (ii)
iv. Preparation of projects embodying investment decisions (iii)
v. Institution of appropriate management apparatus for supervision and efficient completion of projects (iv)
vi. Review of effects of project, programmes and plans
RESPONSIBLE INSTITUTES IN PUBLIC PLANNING SYSTEM
POLICY PLANNING
SECTORAL PLANNING
PROGRAMME PLANNING
PROJECT PLANNING
EVALUATION
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING
i. Determination of Goals, objectives, priorities and strategies and policy measure
ii. Identification of the required role sectors to play in the context of goal and objectives (i)
iii. Formulation of detailed sectoral programmes (ii)
iv. Preparation of projects embodying investment decisions (iii)
v. Institution of appropriate management apparatus for supervision and efficient completion of projects (iv)
vi. Review of effects of project, programmes and plans
GED
SECTOR DIVISION/ MINISTRY
PROGRAMMING DIVISION
SECTOR
DIVISION/ MINISTRY
AGENCY/ IMED
IMED
Conventional Dev. vs DRR & CCA Planning
Criteria Development DRR & CCA
Priorities Vision Local risk
Approach Top down Bottom up
Scope Macro Localized
Time span Long term Short-Mid–Long term
Premium Econ Growth Reduced Risks
Integration of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction is a country driven process and it depends upon the respective countries to what extent mainstreaming is required and to what extent the governance system allows the country to incorporate CCA & DRR into the development process.
Integration of CCA/DRR?
Integration of climate change adaptation & DRR may be considered through these levels;
National Planning Process: Integration of climate change adaptation into the National planning process; Perspective Plan/Sixth Five year plan/MTBF ;
Sectoral Policies: Integration of climate change adaptation/DRR into relevant sectoral Policies and Programme;
Project Development Cycle: Development Project Proforma (DPP) & Technical Project Proposal (TPP) formats;
Budgetary Process: ADP Translate National Plans/Strategy objectives into concrete interventions for a particular year synchronized with the annual development budget.
Framework for Integration
National Long Term Vision
National Short to Medium Term policies, e.g. PRSP
National Budget
Policy cycle
stages
Policy Formulation
Planning
Resource Allocation
Sector Level Dev
Plan
Sector Budget Envelop
Programming/ Implementation
National Level Governance Architecture
Multi year Development Plan
Sector Level Dev
Plan
Sector Budget Envelop
Sector X Sector Y
Propose investment
Propose investment
Allocate Budget
Allocate Budget
Improve the Quality of monitoring data;
Coordination at the highest level;
Long Term Vision;
Ensure Adequate Resources;
Increasing Donor Support
National Level Integration
National Level Policies and Plans
Sectoral Strategy and Policies
Sectoral Plan
Sectoral Programming
Sectoral Investment Programme Top down project Project Proposal from district x, y, z
Planning
Resource Allocation
Sectoral Budget Envelop
Additional resource for adaptation
Bottom up projects
Top down projects
Programming/ Implementation
Sectoral level governance architecture with key interventions for adaptation
-Act on C Priorities established at the National Level;
-Include recognition of C risks
-Apply a Climate Lens; -Build in sector level top-down
adaptation activities
-Make room in the budget for cross sectoral adaptation
activities;
-Add climate considerations to criteria used to assess Project
Proposal
Policy cycle
stages
Policy Formulation
Public Service Delivery;
Assessment: Sector Specific Assessment;
Increase Awareness of Sectoral Planners;
Updating Climate Baselines;
Capacity Development within Sectors
Sectoral level Integration
Project Identification
Project Appraisal
Project Design Project
Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation
The project cycle with key interventions for adaptation
Identify Potential C Risk and Effects on
Vulnerability
Undertake in- depth C Risk Assessment
Identify Potential Options;
Prioritize & select adaptation option
M & E Implementation
of Adaptation measures within
projects
For new project implement selected adaptation options
Project level is critical for integration of Climate Considerations;
Emphasis on Testing Climate Risk Assessment;
Downscaling Climate Change Projections and uncertainties;
Develop analytical framework for costing of adaptation measures; Cost Benefit Analysis, Multi Criteria Analysis and Cost
Effectiveness Analysis;
Evaluate systematically effects & effectiveness of integration on Adaptation;
Invest more in Capacity Building.
Project Level Integration
Climate Change Impacts are manifested locally affecting livelihood;
Integration capacity depend on local condition;
Integration best observed at local level
Local Level Integration Why at Local level?
National Level
National Plans
Sixth Five Year Plan
Perspective Plan
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP)
Physical framework/Land use plans
Sectoral Level
Sectoral policies, plans and programs
Agriculture, Environment, Health, Water, Power & Energy and Industry etc.
Entry points for DRR/CCA Integration
Local Level
Upazilla Development Plans (incl. Vill Action Plans)
Adjustment in local regulatory and service provision
Local government accounting mechanism
Engaging Private Sector and Civil Society
Processes related to implementation of plans
Investment Programming
Budgeting and financing
Project appraisal, Implementation, Monitoring & Evaluation
Entry Points contd..
Legislative arrangements for DRR/CCA
Strategy to coordinate and monitor Implementation mechanism in all sectors and levels
Institutional arrangements, budgetary allocation , capacity development at national and local level
Strengthening partnerships between various agencies thus ensuring horizontal and vertical linkages
Political will/commitment
Setting DRR/CCA goals and indicators: capacity to monitor and evaluate initiatives
Enabling Environment
Name of Policies/Strategies/Plans/Guidelines
Perspective Plan: Making Vision 2021 a Reality 6th Five Year Plan National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA), 2009 Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (2009) Steps towards change: National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (2009-2011) National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS)
Policies sensitive to CC Coastal Zone Policy, 2005
Policies somewhat sensitive to CC National Health Policy, 2010 National Plan for Disaster Management Standing Order on Disaster National Disaster Management Act National Plan for Disaster Management Environment Policy, 1992 National Forest Policy 1994 Industrial policy, 2005 Integrated Pest Management Policy 2002 Land Use Policy 2001 National policy for safe water supply and sanitation 1998
National Population Policy 2004 National Seed Policy National Water policy 1999 National Agriculture policy ,1999 National Biotechnology policy, 1999 National Fisheries policy 1998 National Food policy 2006 Renewable Energy Policy of Bangladesh 2008 Social and resettlement policy framework 2009 Truism policy, 2009 Information Communication and technology policy 2009
EXISTING POLICIES SENSITIVE/SOMEWHAT
SENSITIVE TO CC
Plans
Perspective Plan 2010-2021: Making Vision 2021 a Reality
Sixth Five-Year Plan (SFYP) 2011-15 (Chapter 8: Env., CC & DM for sustainable Development)
National Sustainable Development strategy (NSDS)
Revision of Development Project Proforma (DPP)/TPP
Budget
Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR)
Climate Fiscal Framework (National and Local)
Creation of several funds
Capacity Building
Capacity Building of Public Sector Planning Professionals
Creation of E-platform
Recent Achievements in Integrating Climate
Change in the planning process
Existing Funds Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF) – from Revenue
Budget (CCA including comprehensive disaster management)
Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) – provided by Development Partners (CCA)
Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF) – provided by Development Partners (DRR including CCA)
Proposed Funds Disaster Management Fund
Funds for CCA/DRR
Lack of detailed information on climate change;
Lack of willingness to allocate resources in study/research to generate scientific knowledge that could contribute to review and develop new plans
Lack of awareness as well as lack of capacity;
Climate Change is still not high enough in the agenda;
Resource Allocation – inadequate compared to the need.
KEY CHALLENGES
Mainstreaming DRR and CCA into Dev. Plans and Prog.
Urban Risk Reduction
Climate Change Adaptation
Professionalising the DM System
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)
Rural Risk Reduction
Disaster Preparedness and Response
• Integrate DRR & CCA in long & medium term Dev. Plans • Revise the Development Project Proforma format:
Incorporating DRR & CCA for compliance
Assist the plans of Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Enter agreements with 14 sectoral Ministries/Dept.: • Influencing sectoral policies/guidelines • Building policy & implementation capacities • Incorporating DRR & CCA into sectors • Implementing pilot projects
Establish standardized methods for: • Community Risk Assessment (CRA) • Fast Tracked Risk Assessment (FTRA) • Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP)
Implement large scale interventions through innovative financing: • Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund
CDMP Experience in mainstreaming DRR & CCA into Development Planning
National
Sectoral
Local
Innovative Local Disaster Risk Reduction Funds
Embankment cum road Reverse Osmosis Plant – Water option Vegetation at Killah
Homestead gardening at DRH Brick Flat Soiling (BFS)
Hygienic Toilet
Co
mm
un
ity
Par
tici
pat
ion
Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF)
Priority measures identification for risk reduction,
preventive, mitigation
Translate into specific Structural or nonstructural
project/ scheme
Technical Committee
Approval Committee
CD
MP
LD
RR
F S
ecr
eta
riat
Scientific and local
knowledge
Implementation
DM
C
mte
e
De
pt.
NG
O/I
NG
O
Ou
tso
urc
e
Grants
Monitoring
Loca
l C
om
mit
tee
Mo
nit
ori
ng
Te
am
Re
vie
w T
eam
Hig
h o
ffic
ial v
isit
Evaluation
CR
A
RR
AP
Hazard identification & analysis
Risk & Vulnerability
analysis
Capacity analysis
Funding
Mostly go to local Dev. Plan
innovative, community level,
simple
Revising DPP to include DRR & CCA issues
DRR & CCA sectoral mainstreaming guidelines as per the revised SOD
Action research to identify sectoral adaptation options
LOA with 13 departments of 12 ministries
Organizational action plans
DRR&CCA inclusion in sectoral policies
Institutional capacity building
Piloting options
32,000 urban volunteers
Increase flood warning lead time
Integration of disaster and climate proofing
Integrating CCA principles to the programme
o Training Module Development on DRR & CCA
o Climate lens for project screening
o Adaptation Option Menu for different hazards
o Risk Atlas for 10 Vulnerable Upazilas (piloting)
o 1,700 Union factsheets
Generating CC impact scenarios
o Studies on drought, flood, salinity, and storm surge
Study on ‘Trends and impact analysis of Internal Displacement due to Impacts of Disaster & CC’
Research on non-farm livelihood options
Non-farm livelihood support to Communities
Advocacy and communication materials
Community level Climate Change Adaptation
THANK YOU
For more information contact:
Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor) 92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd
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