Instructional modifications for Second Language Learners
HELPING STUDENTS
HELP THEMSELVES
1. Vocabulary
Specialized vocabulary should be selected and pre-taught.
Students should keep a personal glossary/ notebook of definitions.
Instruction should simplify the vocabulary.
Use visuals and supports
Models, toys, banners, flipcharts,
presentations, video, posters, drawings, graphic organizers, flash cards, vocabulary lists
Provide hands-on activities, demonstrate don’t explain.
Instructions
Give clear instructions. Sequential and with visuals.
Reinforce oral instructions and give clear guidelines
Allow students time for questions and to process instructions.
Note taking / Review
Highlight key terms and concepts.
Use a chart or post in class key concepts for constant review
Provide notes and summaries for students to study and for reference
Language
Simplify language, avoid complex sentences or language
Pause often and raise voice to emphasize
Avoid “teacher talk”
Check for comprehension orally
Non-verbal cues
Use body language, gestures, facial expressions, mime, to convey meaning
Be aware that some “expression” may convey a negative meaning.
Provide concrete examples of concepts to students. Relate one thing to another.
Time management
Allow more time for student response. Students should prepare answers, brainstorm, in advance.
Give more time for projects, learning, completion of exercises.
Provide support
Dictionaries, online materials for review, simple encyclopedias, leveled reading, out of class tutoring/help, internet reference, parental help
Give more time for student face to face help in non-class time.
Work closely with student language instructors
Assessment / Testing
Test for content knowledge / ability NOT language ability.
Use more visuals, simplify the testing. Give tests orally for younger learners, lower levels.
Give more time to complete tests.
References
English as a Second Language, Resource Guide K-8 (2001), Ontario Ministry of Education, Curriculum Guidelines. Pgs 16-20
WWW.DDD.BATCAVE.NET
http://eflclassroom.ning.com
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