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Industry Comes of Age 1866-1900
Presented by: Mr. Anderson, M.Ed., J.D.
Carnegie Steel Mill, Youngstown, Ohio, 1910
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Growth of Railroads
1860 – 35,000 Miles of Track 1900 – 192,000 Miles of Track
Central Pacific-Union Pacific Railway, 1869
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Growth of Railroads
Union Pacific – Central Pacific Union Pacific – Irish Workers
Central Pacific – Chinese Workers
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Growth of Railroads
Union Pacific – Central Pacific
Leland Stanford Collis Huntington
Promontory, Utah - 1869
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Growth of Railroads
Northern Pacific – 1883 Atchinson, Topeka, & Santa Fe – 1884
Southern Pacific – 1884 Great Northern - 1893
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Growth of Railroads
Consolidation Cornelius Vanderbilt
New York Central RR Baltimore & Ohio RR Pennsylvania Railroad Erie Railroad
All Rails Connected to Chicago
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Growth of Railroads
Technology Advancements
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Standard Gauge Steel Rails Double Track Westinghouse Air Brake Pullman Palace Car
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Growth of Railroads
Corruption in Railroads
Stock Watering Milking the Farmer
Bribing Government Officials Pools
Rebates
9
Farmers Organize
Against the Railroads
a
Oliver H. Kelley
National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry
Depression of 1873 Cooperative Stores
Grain Elevators Crop Warehouses
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Farmers Organize
Against the Railroads
a Farmers Alliance Charles Macune Northern Alliance Southern Alliance Colored Alliance People’s Party - Populists
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Railroad Regulation
Begins
a Granger Laws
Wabash Case (1886) Interstate Commerce
Act of 1887 Interstate Commerce
Commission
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The “Robber Barons”
“Captains of Industry”
Andrew Carnegie Bessemer Process William Kelley Henry Bessemer Carnegie Steel Co. “Gospel of Wealth” $324 Million to Charity
Carnegie
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The “Robber Barons”
“Captains of Industry”
J. Pierpont Morgan Railroad Reorganization Investment Banker U.S. Steel Corp 1901
Morgan
14 Rockefeller
The “Robber Barons”
“Captains of Industry”
John D. Rockefeller 1859 – Edwin L. Drake Kerosene Lamp Fuel 1863 – Standard Oil Consolidation/Trusts
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The “Robber Barons”
“Captains of Industry”
John D. Rockefeller Standard Oil Trust Holding Company 1889
Rockefeller
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The “Robber Barons”
“Captains of Industry”
“Gospel of Wealth” Andrew Carnegie Charles Darwin
Herbert Spencer “Law of the Jungle”
Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 Spencer Darwin
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Political Cartoon
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Political Cartoon
Teddy’s Way of
Handing Trusts
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Political Cartoon
The Trust Giant’s Point of View “What a Funny Little Government!”
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Political Cartoon
One Sees His Finish Unless Good Government Retakes the Ship
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Rise of the Labor Movement
Child Labor Manual Labor Female Labor
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Rise of the Labor Movement
Pre-Industrial Conditions Contract Labor Law
Corporations Fight Unions Scabs – Court Injunctions
Lockouts – Black Lists Yellow Dog Contracts
Company Towns
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Rise of the Labor Movement
National Labor Union – 1866 Panic of 1873
Knights of Labor – 1869 (Noble & Holy Order of Knights of Labor)
Terence V, Powderly Haymarket Riots - 1886
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Rise of the Labor Movement
American Federation of Labor
Samuel Gompers – 1880s Panic of 1893
Powderly Gompers
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Sources: Factory 3 - http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?pan:64:./temp/~ammem_Nhik::displayType=1:m856sd=pan:m856sf=6a15367:@@@mdb=manz,eaa,aaeo,aaodyssey,hh,gottscho,bbpix,bbcards,magbell,berl,lbcoll,cdn,cic,cwnyhs,cwar,consrvbib,coolbib,coplandbib,curt,dag,fsaall,aep,fine,fmuever,dcm,cmns,cowellbib,toddbib,lomaxbib,ngp,gottlieb,alad,mcc,mymhiwebib,aipn,afcwip,fawbib,omhbib,pan,vv,wpapos,psbib,pin,presp,qlt,ncr,mesnbib,denn,runyon,wtc,detr,upboverbib,varstg,horyd,hawp,suffrg,awh,awhbib,wright
Promontory Utah 1869 3 - http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthemove/exhibition/exhibition_1_3.html
Chinese worker - http://photoswest.org/cgi-bin/imager?10021656+X-21656
Chinese Workers 1 - http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/flipomatic/cic/images@ViewImage?img=brk00003107_16a
Chinese Railroad Workers 2 - http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/flipomatic/cic/images@ViewImage?img=brk00003107_16a
Cornelius Vanderbilt 1 - http://voteview.uh.edu/images/vanderb2.gif
Locomotive 6 - http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/displayPhoto.pl?path=/award/nbhips/lca/126&topImages=12652r.jpg&topLinks=12652v.jpg&displayProfile=0&title=Burlington%20engine%20number%20120,%20the%20first%20train%20into%20Broken%20Bow,%20Nebraska,&m856s=$dnbhips$f12652&dir=ammem&itemLink=D?psbib:137:./temp/~ammem_xvxd::@@@mdb=manz,eaa,aaeo,aaodyssey,hh,gottscho,bbpix,bbcards,magbell,berl,lbcoll,cdn,cic,cwnyhs,cwar,consrvbib,coolbib,coplandbib,curt,dag,fsaall,aep,fine,fmuever,dcm,cmns,cowellbib,toddbib,lomaxbib,ngp,gottlieb,alad,mcc,mymhiwebib,aipn,afcwip,fawbib,omhbib,pan,vv,wpapos,psbib,pin,presp,qlt,ncr,mesnbib,denn,runyon,wtc,detr,upboverbib,varstg,horyd,hawp,suffrg,awh,awhbib,wright
Locomotive 3 - http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/displayPhoto.pl?path=/award/nbhips/lca/126&topImages=12651r.jpg&topLinks=12651v.jpg&displayProfile=0&title=First%20train%20into%20Sargent,%20Custer%20County,%20Nebraska.&m856s=$dnbhips$f12651&dir=ammem&itemLink=D?psbib:106:./temp/~ammem_xvxd::@@@mdb=manz,eaa,aaeo,aaodyssey,hh,gottscho,bbpix,bbcards,magbell,berl,lbcoll,cdn,cic,cwnyhs,cwar,consrvbib,coolbib,coplandbib,curt,dag,fsaall,aep,fine,fmuever,dcm,cmns,cowellbib,toddbib,lomaxbib,ngp,gottlieb,alad,mcc,mymhiwebib,aipn,afcwip,fawbib,omhbib,pan,vv,wpapos,psbib,pin,presp,qlt,ncr,mesnbib,denn,runyon,wtc,detr,upboverbib,varstg,horyd,hawp,suffrg,awh,awhbib,wright
Oliver H. Kelley 1 - http://www.mnhs.org/places/sites/ohkf/ohkf-doc.html
Andrew Carnegie 1 - http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/carnegie/aa_carnegie_subj_e.html
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Sources: Locomotive 1 - http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?cdn:38:./temp/~ammem_xvxd::displayType=1:m856sd=ichicdn:m856sf=n084950:@@@mdb=manz,eaa,aaeo,aaodyssey,hh,gottscho,bbpix,bbcards,magbell,berl,lbcoll,cdn,cic,cwnyhs,cwar,consrvbib,coolbib,coplandbib,curt,dag,fsaall,aep,fine,fmuever,dcm,cmns,cowellbib,toddbib,lomaxbib,ngp,gottlieb,alad,mcc,mymhiwebib,aipn,afcwip,fawbib,omhbib,pan,vv,wpapos,psbib,pin,presp,qlt,ncr,mesnbib,denn,runyon,wtc,detr,upboverbib,varstg,horyd,hawp,suffrg,awh,awhbib,wright
Oil Field 1 - http://photoswest.org/cgi-bin/imager?10022278+X-22278
Charles Darwin 1 - http://www2.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/96feb/darwin.html
Herbert Spencer 1 - http://www.econlib.org/library/LFBooks/Spencer/Spencer.jpg
Monopoly pirates - http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/uscartoons/gapecartoons/TrustsAsPirates.htm
Carnegie Trusts - http://www.authentichistory.com/images/postcivilwar/cartoons/189x_andrew_carnegie_01.html
Rockefeller Trust - http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/uscartoons/verdict/ht/22Jan1900.htm
Roosevelt and the Trusts - http://search.eb.com/elections/pri/Q00121.html
PowerHouse Mechanic - http://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/picturing_the_century/portfolios/port_hine.html#
Children Stringing Beans - http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/hine_photographs/images/stringing_beans.gif
Textile Worker 1 - http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/I?fsaall:17:./temp/~ammem_zIpI::displayType=1:m856sd=fsa:m856sf=8b20927:@@@mdb=manz,eaa,aaeo,aaodyssey,hh,gottscho,bbpix,bbcards,magbell,berl,lbcoll,cdn,cic,cwnyhs,cwar,consrvbib,coolbib,coplandbib,curt,dag,fsaall,aep,fine,fmuever,dcm,cmns,cowellbib,toddbib,lomaxbib,ngp,gottlieb,alad,mcc,mymhiwebib,aipn,afcwip,fawbib,omhbib,pan,vv,wpapos,psbib,pin,presp,qlt,ncr,mesnbib,denn,runyon,wtc,detr,upboverbib,varstg,horyd,hawp,suffrg,awh,awhbib,wright
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