In-Class Reading
Is There a Doctor in the Body?
Part Two: In-class Reading
Background Information
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Post-Reading
Background Information
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
Psychology
Behavior Therapy
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
To be continued
Psychology tries to explain why people act, think, and feel the way they do. It is a young and growing science that covers a broad range of human activities.
Psychologists are interested not only in how individual minds work but also in the various interactions ( 交互作用 ) of minds in society.
Psychology
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
To be continued
Psychiatry ( 精神病学,精神病治疗法 ) is a branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of serious mental disorders. Psychiatrists who work in hospitals, use a variety of methods including drugs, light therapy and electric shock treatments to cure or to control mentally disturbed people.
Difference Between Psychology and Psychiatry
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
The whole field of psychoanalysis originated with the research of the Austrian doctor, Sigmund Freud (1856-1939).
Sigmund Freud
According to his theories, people are driven by irrational forces or primitive ( 原始的 ) instincts ( 本能 ). Much of Freud’s work was based on his interpretation of dreams and sexual instincts.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Background Information
How does behavior therapy work?
♣ Behavior therapy teaches patients to quell the anxiety that arises from social situations, and to face these situations rather than avoid them.
♣ It is not something done to a patient; it is a structured set of techniques that a patient learns to employ whenever anxiety, panic, discomfort, disfunction or avoidance arises.
♣ It focuses on specific steps a patient can take to reduce anxiety and keep it from returning.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Global Reading
Pre-Reading Questions
Organization Analysis
Summary
Group Discussion
Understanding Specific Information
1. Pre-Reading Questions1. Pre-Reading Questions
When you have any health problems, will you always go to the doctor? If so, what do you expect from the doctor?
You can refer to the following words and expressions:
diagnose the problem comfort me
write a prescription time consuming
give some tests a serious case
get over the problem more water
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
When I have health problem, I will go to the
doctor. I want the doctor to examine me, to
diagnose the problem, to write a prescription or to
tell me if there is anything I should or should not do.
I want the doctor to give me some necessary tests.
Above all, I always expect the doctor to tell me that I
will be able to get over the problem or recover
quickly.
Sample 1
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
I usually avoid going to the hospital because to see a doctor is really tiring and time-consuming. So when I don’t feel well and it’s not a very serious case, what I usually do is to have a good rest. For example, when I have a cold, I will drink a lot of water and stay in bed. If it’s a serious health problem and I can’t recover by taking a good rest, I’ll go to the doctor and get some medicine. Just like most people, I hope the doctor will comfort me besides prescribing me the medicine.
Sample 2
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Introduction Para.1-2The term “placebo” is introduced: when it
is prescribed and what it is.
The study of the placebo
Para.3-7
a) One explanation
b) The other explanation
c) The most powerful placebo of all: the doctor + supporting evidence
Different cases in which a placebo may work
Para.8-9
The placebo has been found to work with seasickness, coughs, colds, and pain after an operation.An experiment was done to see whether it works with old people.
2. Organization Analysis2. Organization Analysis
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
2. Organization Analysis2. Organization Analysis
It is suggested that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. Para.12Conclusion
Para.11
Some doctors think that if the placebo can
have bad effects it should never be used. Para.10Two opposite attitudes
toward the use of a placebo
Other countries are known to have been using placebos for hundreds of years.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
3. Understanding Specific Information3. Understanding Specific Information
Based on the information presented in the text, what would you say about the following statements? Write “Yes”, “No” or “Maybe” in the space provided.
Yes means it is true.
No means it is false.
Maybemeans there is not enough information in the article to know whether it is true or
false.
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
_____1) A placebo may help a patient get well
although it has no medicine in it.
_____2) A placebo will be given when the patient is
sure all will be well.
_____3) Patients’ strong will to get better, rather than the placebo, helps to heal them.
_____4) The doctor plays a key role in making the placebo work.
To be continued
Yes
No
Maybe
Yes
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
_____ 5) The test in Romania proves that placebos
could help old people stay healthy and live
longer.
_____ 6) Although placebos work with a lot of cases,
doctors maintain that placebos should
never be used.
_____ 7) The use of the placebo has had a long history.
_____ 8) We can heal our body by using our mind.
Yes
Yes
No
Maybe
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
4. Summary4. Summary
The study of the 1)_______ opens up new knowledge about the way the human body 2)_____ to medication. But it is not yet known how placebos 3)_____. Some people say it’s because the 4)_____ is fooled into believing it got medicine. Some people say this is not the 5)_____. They believe the placebo makes the 6)_____ to get better become 7)_____. And many others think the success of this treatment 8)_____ a lot ____ the 9)_________ between the patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot of 10)_____ in the doctor, then the placebo is more likely to work. So in a 11)_____, the doctor is the most 12)_______ placebo of all.
placebo
reacts
work
mind
case wish
reality
relationship
rests
trust
way
powerfulTo be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
with
The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different 13)______. It can work with ________, coughs, colds and pain after an operation. It can even help old people stay healthy and live longer. However, the placebo can also have 14)_____ effects. When patients expect a bad reaction to 15)_______, they will show a bad reaction to the 16)______. The strange 17)_____ of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is 18)_______ than we think it is.
cases
bad
medicine
placebo power
stronger
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
seasickness
5. Group Discussion5. Group Discussion
Is there really a doctor in the body? If so, who do you think is the doctor? Why?
How would you feel if you knew your doctor had given you a placebo instead of medicine?
If you got better anyway, would you think the doctor had cheated you? Would you be pleased that you had been able to heal your own body just by believing that you could?
sample
sample
sample
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Is there really a doctor in the body? If so, who do you think is the doctor? Why?
I think there is a doctor in the body and it is the mind. Usually if we are quite confident, we will react as if everything will go well. That is to say, if we are mentally sure that we will get better, the body will start functioning better. Otherwise we will lose heart and our illness will probably get worse. I really believe in the power of “mind over matter”.
sample
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Back to the Back to the TopicTopic
It depends. If I got better, I would feel lucky to have been given a placebo instead of real medicine because medicine often has some side effects. However, if I didn’t feel better, I would be very angry and probably would never go back to that doctor.
How would you feel if you knew your doctor had given you a placebo instead of medicine?
sample
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Back to the Back to the TopicTopic
I would think the doctor had cheated me. At the same time, I would be pleased that I had been able to heal my body just by believing that I could. I would be proud of my willpower and become more confident of myself.
If you got better anyway, would you think the doctor had cheated you? Would you be pleased that you had been able to heal your own body just by believing that you could?
sample
Part Two: In-Class Reading >>Global Reading
Back to the Back to the TopicTopic
Detailed Reading
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Passage Reading
Understanding Sentences
Word Study
Is there a Doctor in the Body?
When you go to the doctor, you like to come away with a prescription. It makes you feel better to know you will get some medicine. But the doctor knows that medicine is not always needed. 1Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance
that all will be well. In such cases the doctor may prescribe a placebo.
2A placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or an empty capsule. Even though they have no medicine in them, these things seem to make people well. The patient thinks it is medicine and begins to get better. How does this happen?
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
The study of the placebo opens up new knowledge about the way the human body can heal itself. 3It is as if
there was a doctor in each of us. The “doctor” will heal the body for us if we let it.
4But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body. Some people say it works because the human mind fools itself. 5
These people say that if the mind is fooled into thinking it got medicine, then it will act as if it di
d, and the body will feel better
.
Other people say this is not so. 6
They say that the placebo makes the wish to get better become reality. The placebo will not work if the patient knows it is a placebo. This shows that the body is not fooled by it.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
It seems that if patients think they have been given medicine, they will have hope. They feel that they are getting some help. This gives them a stronger will to get better, and that is what helps to heal them.
Placebos do not always work. The success of this treatment seems to rest a lot with the relationship between the patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot of trust in the doctor and if the doctor really wants to help the patient, then the placebo is more likely to work. So in a way, the
doctor is the most powerful placebo of all.
An example of the doctor’s role in making the placebo work can be seen in this study. Some patients with bleeding ulcers were put in two groups.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
The first group were told by a doctor that they had been given a new drug which, it was hoped, would give them some relief. 7
The second group were told by a nurse that they had been given a new drug but that not much
was known about how it would work
. As a result, 70 percent of the people in the first group got much better. Only 25 percent of the people in the second group got better. And both groups had in fact been given the same thing—a placebo.
The placebo has been found to work with a lot of different cases. It helps such things as seasickness, coughs, colds, and even pain after an operation. And there was an experiment done to see if a placebo could help old people stay healthy and live longer.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
The test was done in Romania with 150 people over the age of 60. They were put in three groups with 50 people in each group. The first group were given nothing at all. The second group were given a placebo. The third group were given a real drug and told that it would help with the problems of old age. (In fact, it was not a drug for old age at all.) The three groups were studied for many years. The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been. The second group (with the placebo) had much better health and a lower death rate. The third group (with the real drug) showed much the same results as the group that took the placebo.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
A placebo can also have bad effects. If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine, then they will also show a bad reaction to the placebo. 8
This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than
in your body. Some doctors still think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. They think there is still not enough known about it.
And yet, the use of the placebo has been well known for hundreds of years in other countries. Tribal doctors in some African countries have known for a long time that patients will get better if they think they are going to. Many of the “treatments” they use do not seem able to make a sick person better, and yet such treatments work.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. There are people who say you can heal your body by using your mind. And the interesting thing is that even people who swear this is not possible have been healed by a placebo. (839 words)
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Understanding Sentences
1. Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well.
有时病人所需要的只是一个一切都会好的保证。
“That all will be well” is the appositive clause of “reassurance”. Other words such as “fact, opinion, notion, suggestion, proposal, thought, news, truth, report”, can also be followed by appositive clauses.
Translation
Comments
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
1)They spread the lie everywhere that Tom was arrested for theft.
2) We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.
3) The news that he had resigned took everyone by surprise.
4) I reject absolutely the notion that privatization of our industry is now inevitable.
Examples
Back to the text
以下划线部分均为前面红色单词的同位语从句。
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
2. A placebo is a sugar pill, a harmless shot, or an empty capsule.
安慰剂可以是糖丸、无害的针剂或者空的胶囊。
placebo 是本文的关键词。作为议论文,有必要对自己讨论的重要术语首先解释界定一下,使文章更加严谨,无懈可击,这是议论文常用的写作手法之一。这一句就是在给 placebo 下定义。
Translation
Comments
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
3. It is as if there was a doctor in each of us.
就好象我们每个人体内都有一个医生一样。
Review the usage of “as if”. “As if” or “as though” is used when you are giving a possible explanation for something or saying that something appears to be the case when it is not.
Translation
Comments
To be continued
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
1) She looked as if she’d had some bad news.
2) I remember the whole story as though it
happened yesterday.
Examples
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
4. But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body.
但是我们仍然不清楚安慰剂究竟是如何治病的。Translation
Comments The word “work” has many meanings (you can refer to “Post-Reading 2. Find the right definition”). In this sentence, “work” means “produce a particular physical effect”.
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
5. These people think that if the mind is fooled into thinking it…
这些人说如果能使人脑上当,误以为 ······
Translation
Comments
To be continued
fool sb. into doing sth. 意为“愚弄别人去做某事,用欺骗的办法使某人做某事”。注意:“使某人做某事”除 make sb. do sth. 以外,还有 persua
de/cheat/coax/deceive/lure/frighten/ shame/tri
ck, etc. sb. into doing sth. 。
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
1) He persuaded him into going to the party.
2) He cheated her into believing him a wealthy man.
3) His family tricked him into going into Pakistan, and
once he was there, they took away his passport.
4) The number of people out of work has shamed the
government into taking action to prevent further job
losses.
Examples
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
6. They say that the placebo makes the wish to get better become reality.
他们认为病人希望身体好转,而安慰剂能促使这种愿望成真。
Translation
Comments In this sentence, the phrase “to get better” is used to modify “wish”. Sometimes “to do” can be put behind a noun or pronoun and work as an attributive to modify it.
Examples 1. The next train to arrive was from New York.
2. It was a game to remember.Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
7. The second group were told by a nurse that they had been given a new drug but that not much was known about how it would work.
第二组病人由一位护士告诉他们用了一种新药,但是药效如何还不太清楚。
Translation
Comments In this sentence “that they had been given a new drug” and “that not much was known about how it would work” are two objective clauses of the word “told”, which are connected by “but”.
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
8. This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than in your body.
这似乎表明药物反应在很大程度上是心理上的而不是生理上的。
Translation
paraphrase This would seem to show that often the way you react to medicine is to a great extent related to your mind rather than to your body.
Back to the text
Understanding Sentences
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
reassurance n.
help or advice that makes someone feel less worried or frightened about a problem 安慰,慰藉,保证
1. Despite her father’s reassurance she was still
frightened of the dark.
2. Tom always looked to his mother for reassurance.
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
cf. assure, ensure, insure
ensure 意为确保某种行动或其结果一定会发生。
assure 指以十分肯定的语气向别人保证,后接抽象名词。
assure=insure. “ 保险”通常用 insure ,英式英语用 assure作“保险”时,也多限于“人寿保险”。常用句型:
assure sb. of sth. / that… 使某人确信,向某人保证 ······
ensure that… 保证 ······
ensure sb. sth. 保证某人得到某物
insure against… 保 ······ 险To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
(1) assure, ensure
(a) The doctor assured him that his child would recover
from his illness.
(b) To ensure the child’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him an antibiotic.
(2) assure, insure
(a) He insured his house against fire for ten million yuan.
(b) He insured/assured himself against death for ten
million yuan. Back to the text
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
case n.
1. an example 事例,事件
a case of mistaken identity 一个身份有误的例子
2. an occurrence of a disease or disorder 病例 a mild case of flu 轻度流感的病例
3. a set of circumstances or a state of affairs 情况,状况
It may rain, in which case the hike will be canceled.
4. question to be decided in a court of law 诉讼案,案例
The case will be heard in court next week.
这个案子下个星期审理。
Word Study
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
To be continued
in any case regardless of what has occurred or will occur
无论如何
In any case I will not give up.
Expressions
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
in case
1. if it happens that; if 如果
In case you can’t come, tell me as soon as possible.
2. as a precaution 以防万一
Take along an umbrella, just in case.
in case of if there should happen to be 如果发生
In case of rain, we will not go out for a picnic tomorrow.
a case in point example that is relevant to the matter being discussed 事例,例证
Word Study
Back to the text
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Studyshot 1. the firing or discharge of a weapon, such as a gun 开枪、射击 fire a few shots 放几枪 take a shot at the enemy 朝敌人开枪
2. a kick, hit, throw, etc. of a ball in an attempt to make a point in a game (球赛中的)射球,投球,击球 Watson won the golf match by two shots. 沃森以两杆的成绩赢得了这场高尔夫球赛。
3. a hypodermic injection 注射
Have you had your typhus shots yet? 你打过斑疹伤寒防疫针了吗? To be continued
n.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
4. an opportunity 一次机会
We will give him a fair shot at the part in the play.
5. photograph or scene photographed 照片,镜头
I got a good shot of that model.
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Studycf. shoot, shot
shoot (v.) —shot (pt) —shot (pp)
shoot
1. to make by firing a weapon 射击、投射
Aim carefully before shooting!
2. to inject (a drug, for example) with a hypodermic syringe 注射
Have the children shot for measles.
给孩子们打针预防麻疹。
To be continued
v.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
3. to record on film 拍摄,用胶片拍摄
shoot the scene in one take 一次就把这个场景拍完
4. to throw or propel (a ball, marble, etc.) in a specific direction or toward the objective 射(门),投(篮)
He is looking for an opportunity to shoot at goal.
Back to the text
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
1. to restore to health or soundness; cure
恢复健康的状态;治疗
The wound has been healed.
The wound soon healed up.
2. to set right; repair 使恢复正常;修缮
healed the rift between us 修补我们之间的裂痕
3. to restore (a person) to spiritual wholeness
使(某人)精神恢复健康 Time heals all sorrows.
heal v. Word Study
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
cf. heal, cure, treat
1. “ 治疗”( treat )不一定“治愈” ( heal/cure )2. cure与 heal 都表示“治愈” ,但 cure 多用于治愈
疾病( disease ), heal 多用于治愈外伤( wound,
cut, injury, burn, etc. )
Back to the text
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
cf. in the way
Please move this chair. It is in the way.
请把椅子移一下,它把路挡住了。
on the way
On the way to the station, I bought some chocolate.
在去车站的路上,我买了一些巧克力。
in a way
In a way, it is an important book.
在某种意义上,它是一本很重要的书。
Word Study
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
Back to the text
by the way
By the way, have you seen Harry recently?
顺便问一下,最近你看到哈里了吗?
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
expect v. Word Study
1. think or believe that sth. will happen or that sb./sth. will come 预料,期盼
We have been expecting the parcel for a long time.
I expect that I will be back on Sunday.
2. require, to consider obligatory 要求
I expect you to be punctual. 我要求你准时。
3. suppose; assume 料想,认为,猜想
“ Will he be late?” “I expect so.”
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
4. be expecting (a baby/child) (idiom) be pregnant 怀孕
I hear Sally’s expecting again.
cf. expect, wait for
☆ I’m expecting him to arrive soon means I’m sure that he will. 我肯定他很快就来。
☆ I’m waiting for him to arrive means that I thought he would come earlier but he is late. 我以为他会到得早一些,但他还是晚了。
Back to the text
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
To be continued
rather than
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
1. rather than与 would连用时,构成 would rather... than... 句式,意思是“宁愿 ······ ,而不愿 ······” ,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。例如:
She’d rather die than lose the children.
她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。
2. rather than 不与 would连用时,表示客观事实,意为“是 ······ ,而不是 ······;与其 ······ ,不如 ······ ” 。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下:
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
To be continued
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor.
与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
注意: rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与“ rather than” 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us.
是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.
我决定写信而不打电话。
Word Study
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
To be continued
注意: rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带 to ,也可以不带 to ,如上句。但 rather than 位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如: Rather than allow the vegetables to go ba
d, he sold them at half price. 与其让蔬菜烂掉,他半价把它们卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
other than: prep. (esp. after a negative 尤用于否定词之后 )
1. except 除了
He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.
She has no close friends other than him.
2. different(ly) from; not 不同于,而不 I have never known him behave other than selfishly.
我只知道他自私自利。 She seldom appears other than happy.
她很少有不高兴的时候。 Back to the text
cf. rather than; other than
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
suggest v. Word Study
1. to offer for consideration or action; propose
建议;提议
suggest things for children to do 建议孩子们做一些事
I suggested that we take a walk. 我提议去散步。
I suggest telling the truth to him as soon as possible.
2. to bring or call to mind by logic or association; evoke
使人想到,使想起;唤起
a cloud that suggests a mushroom 一朵让人想到蘑菇的云
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Detailed Reading
Word Study
Back to the text
3. to make evident indirectly; intimate or imply
间接地表明;暗示
The silence suggested disapproval. 沉默暗示着反对。
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Post-Reading
●Translation
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
●Vocabulary
●Finding the Right Definition
irections: Read the following pairs of sentences carefully and discuss with your partner the different meanings of the word in each pair.
1. Vocabulary1. Vocabulary
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1) medicine
A. People in hospitals are dying because of a
shortage of medicine.
B. You know I dropped medicine and took up physics.
A. a substance used for treating illness, especially a liquid you drink 药
B. the treatment and study of illnesses and injuries 医学
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2) shot
A. He took a shot at me with a gun and missed.
B. A shot of penicillin should cure the infection.
A. an act of firing a gun 射击
B. an injection of a drug 注射
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3) capsule
A. A Russian space capsule is orbiting the Earth.
B. You can also take real ginseng ( 人参 ) in convenient tablet or capsule form.
A. the part of a spacecraft in which astronauts live and work 太空舱
B. a plastic container shaped like a very small tube with medicine inside 胶囊
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4) heal
A. If they had operated on her arm at once, it might have healed by now.
B.The trauma ( 心灵创伤 ) of divorce can often be healed by successful remarriage.
A. become whole and sound, return to health 身体恢复健康
B. cause to become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience 感情或心灵的伤口愈合
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5) treatment
A.The principal’s children do not receive special treatment from the teacher.
B.Many patients are not getting the medical treatment they need.
A. a particular way of behaving towards someone or of dealing with them 待遇,对待
B. a method that is intended to cure an injury or illness 治疗,医治
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6) operation
A.She’s going to have an operation on her knee.
B. I understand the operation of computers.
A. the process of cutting into someone’s body to repair or remove a part that is damaged 手术
B. the process of making a machine or system work
操作
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7) case
A.The number of new cases of the illness appears to be decreasing.
B.Suffering can have positive results and certainly I know that was true in my case.
A. a person or their particular problem that a doctor is dealing with 病例
B. a situation that exists, especially as it affects a particular person or group 情况
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8) suggest
A.The shape of the envelope suggests that the letter might be from a woman.
B. I suggest that we wait a while before we make any firm decisions.
A. make someone think that a particular thing is true; indicate 使联想到,暗示
B.propose;tell someone your ideas about what they should do, where they should go, etc. 建议
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
irections: Read the following sentences carefully and you will find the word “work” has different meanings in different contexts. Try to find the right definition for the word in each sentence. Write the corresponding letter in the space provided.
2. Finding the Right Definition2. Finding the Right Definition
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To be continued
Definitions of “work”:
a. do a job you are paid for
b. produce a particular physical effect
c. move
d. cause… to work
e. help
f. study
g. cause; bring about
h. solve
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____ 1) She works as a management consultant for a design company.
____ 2) Jane works with deaf children.
____ 3) You’ll have to work really hard if you want to pass your exams.
____ 4) The farmer worked the horses until they were tired out.
____ 5) I assure you that this medicine will work wonders for your cold.
____ 6) It took several hours to work the puzzle.
____ 7) They worked their way out of the crowd.
____ 8) I woke up at 6 a.m. because the sleeping pill didn’t work as
long as I had hoped.
a
e
f
d
g
h
c
b
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3. Translation3. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in brackets.
1) 我所能说的是我们十分抱歉。 (all… that…)
All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.
2) 在很多情况下只有规定还不行。 (in… case, work)
In many cases regulations alone will not work.
To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
3) 由于他的智慧和勤奋,他极有可能成功。 (likely, intelligence, diligence)
He is highly likely to succeed because of his intelligence and diligence.
4) 她瞪着我好象不认识我似的。 (as if)
She stared at me as if I were a stranger.
5) 据报道,昨天的车祸中有三人受伤。 (it is reported that… injure)
It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident yesterday.
6) 他这样对待我使我很生气。 (the way)
I feel angry at the way he (has) treated me.To be continued
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading
7) 病人今天早晨的情况同昨天差不多。 (… much the same as)The patient is much the same this morning as he
was yesterday.
8) 今晚我想呆在家里不出去。 (rather than)
I’d like to stay (at) home this evening rather than go out.
Part Two: In-Class Reading >> Post-Reading