Download - Icm seminar2011

Transcript
Page 1: Icm seminar2011

ICM Seminar 2011

Page 2: Icm seminar2011

M. Altaf Hossain, PhDM. Altaf Hossain, PhDPrincipal Scientific OfficerPrincipal Scientific Officer

Soil Resource Development InstituteSoil Resource Development Institute

Ministry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture

Farmgate, Dhaka, BangladeshFarmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh

E-mail:[email protected]:[email protected]

Land Resources Appraisal Land Resources Appraisal and Crop Management in and Crop Management in

BangladeshBangladesh

Page 3: Icm seminar2011

Geographic coordinates: 24 00 N, 90 00 E

BANGLADESH

Page 4: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 4

Land includes all the natural environmental resources contained on the earth surface: soil, terrain, water, climate and weather.

Arable lands are needed for sustainable agricultural systems to support a burgeoning human population in countries like Bangladesh.

Page 5: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 5

Nations, village communities as well as individual land users need to make the best choices among options for the use of land in order to support development without hazard of land degradation, which would endanger sustainable production of food and other rural products.

That is why land resources appraisal is needed.

Page 6: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 6

Land Resources Appraisal of Bangladesh:

Reconnaissance Soil Survey 1965-1975

Whole country except the Sundarbans & CHT Semi-detailed Soil Survey 1984-2002

459 Upazilas (sub-district) Detailed Soil Survey 1975-2004

Special agricultural development area (200) Presently the data base is being updated

Page 7: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 7

Extent (ha) of Land types by District and Upazila Extent (ha) of Land types by AEZ Extent (ha) of Land types by AEZ, District and Upazila Extent (ha) of Top Soil Texture Extent (ha) of Top Soil Texture by AEZ Extent (ha) of General Soil Types Extent (ha) of General Soil Types by AEZ Extent (ha) of Soil Moisture Holding Capacity by AEZ Extent (ha) of Soil Permeability by AEZ Extent (ha) of Soil Consistency by AEZ Extent (ha) of Soil Salinity Status by AEZ Extent (ha) of Effective Soil Depth by AEZ Extent (ha) of Flooding Depth by AEZ Extent (ha) of Drainage by AEZ Extent (ha) of Slope by AEZ Extent (ha) of Relief by AEZ

Land Resources Information, BD

Page 8: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 8

Overview of Natural Resources Database

Page 9: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 9

Page 10: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 10

Page 11: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 11

Page 12: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 12

INUNDATION LAND TYPES

HIGHLAND (H) Land above normal inundation level

MEDIUM HIGHLAND (MH)

Land normally inundated up to about 90 cm deep

MEDIUM LOWLAND (ML)Land normally inundated up to 90 -180

cm deep

LOWLAND (L)Land normally inundated up to 180-300

cm deep

VERY LOWLAND (VL)Land normally inundated deeper than

300 cm.

Page 13: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 13

Page 14: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 14

Page 15: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 15

Page 16: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 16

Page 17: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 17

Land Information

Administrative Information AEZ Info

Analysis Tool

Cropping Pattern

Map unit Info

Climate Info

Crop Information

Soil Information

Menu System

Toolbar

Page 18: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 18

Page 19: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 19

Soil Texture Top soil – Comilla District

Page 20: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 20Non-Irrigated Condition

SOLARIS - GISSOLARIS - GIS

Soil Texture With Irrigation – SuitableWithout Irrigation – Moderately Suitable

Irrigated Condition

Predominantly 80 - 100Dominantly 60 – 80Mainly 40 - 60Some 0 - 40

Legend

T. Aman Crop SuitabilityT. Aman Crop SuitabilityComilla DistrictComilla District

Page 21: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 21

Nutrient Status/ Recommendation:

Analyze chemical properties of top soil by Soil Group

Classification of Nutrient for Upland and Wetland crops are considered by Soil Texture (13 Nutrients)

Nutrient recommendation is done by considering Crop type, Yield range, Nutrient class and type

Fertilizer Recommendation

SOLARIS - GISSOLARIS - GIS

Page 22: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 22

SOLARIS - GISSOLARIS - GIS

Page 23: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 23

SOLARIS - GISSOLARIS - GISNutrient/ Fertilizer Recommendation – Jessore Sadar

Page 24: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 24

Page 25: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 25

Figure 3. Land Utilization Scinario in Bangladesh (BBS 2007)

14,215.94

2,597.233,619.49 2,870.78

4,132.57

1,026.67

02,0004,0006,0008,000

10,00012,00014,00016,000

Land utilization type

Are

a ('0

00ha

)

Page 26: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 26

Nutrients Input Supply Removal Balance (`000 tons) (`000 tons) (`000 tons)

Nitrogen (N) 1198 1322 (-) 124

Phosphorus (P205) 339 362 (-) 23

Potash (K20) 481 1585 (-) 1104

Total: 2018 3269 (-) 1251

Table 1. Plant Nutrient Balance Sheet of Bangladesh

Source: Karim, et al. (1994)

Page 27: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 27

Nitrogen alone constitutes over 75 percent of the total nutrients used in Bangladesh agriculture, while the use of P and K are limited to about 6.0 and 6.6 percent only. The probable causes are high price and use of substandard phosphatic fertilizers available in the market. But the use of N-fertilizer has steadily increased which shows inappropriate/imbalance ratio of N, P205 and K20 (1:0.12:0.13). If this trend of fertilizer use continues along with intensive cropping of high yielding varieties, the productivity of our soils is bound to be seriously affected in future.

Page 28: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 28

Table 2. Summary of estimates of the cost of land degradation in Bangladesh

Natureof degradation

Physical quantity of lost output (million ton/yr)

Taka equivalent

/ yr (million)

Cost (million) US$/yr

Remarks

Water erosionCereal production loss  = 1.06 Nutrient loss                = 1.44

6613.8425576.46

140.72544.18

-

Fertility declineCereal production loss  = 4.27 Addl. Inputs                = 1.22

26641.4821668.88

566.84461.04

-

Salanization Total production loss  = 4.42 27577.25 586.75 -

Acidification Total production loss  = 0.09 561.51 11.95 -

Lowering of water table

- - - Not assessed

Water logging - - - Not assessed

Source: Karim, et al. (1994)

Page 29: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 29

Launched on March 14, 2011> Bangladesh has developed “Digital

Fertilizer Recommendation Software” for Ministry of Agriculture by Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI).

> A central database covering the entire country (459 upazilas) soil sample has been developed as the feedstock of the system. > The addresses of the websites for having online fertilizer recommendation are “frs.srdi.gov.bd” and “www.frs-bd.com”,

username: srdi & password: srdi (****).

Digital Fertilizer Recommendation Software for MOA of Bangladesh

Page 30: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 30

> To facilitate farmers’ selection of different fertilizers and their precise dosage for different crops through digital platforms to increase crop yield and decrease production cost.

> Expected outcome: On an average rice yield will increase by 20-25 percent and other crops by 10-15 percent.

> Farmers can use either of two leading mobile phone operators: Grameenphone and Banglalink platforms to have precise fertilizer recommendations by providing five basic information:

name of the crop type of land name of the union upazila and district

Page 31: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 31

Log in

 

 

                                                      

User name srdi

Password ****

Log in Reset

Online Fertilizer Recommendation System

Page 32: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 32

Production and availability of Major Food items in Bangladesh

Food Items

Production (MT) Per capita availability (g/capita/day)

1994-95 1999-00 2004-05 1994-95 1999-00 2004-05

Cereals 18.08 24.91 26.13 374 472 464

Potato 1.5 2.93 5.95 32 57 108

Pulses 0.53 0.39 0.53 11 8 10

Oilseeds 0.48 0.40 0.56 10 8 10

Vegetables

1.21 1.53 7.28 21 24 108

Fruits 1.41 1.36 4.60 24 22 68

Fish 1.17 1.66 2.10* 27 35 41*

Meat 0.48 0.70 1.06 11 15 21

Milk 1.52 1.70 2.14 35 36 42

Egg (M) 2400 3990 5625 2.76 4.20 5.54Source: BBS, DAE, DLS, DOF, BARC; MT=million tons

Page 33: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 33

Projected requirements and production of major food items by 2015

Food Items Food Productionin 2004-05 (MT)

(less 11.58%)

Requirements in2015 (MT)

(less 11.58%)

Production in2015 (MT)

(less 11.58%)

Surplus (+)Gaps (– )

(MT)

Rice & wheat 26.13 27.85 29.05 +1.20

Pulses 0.53 1.85 0.97 -0.88

Oilseeds 0.56 3.17 0.90 -2.27

Vegetables 7.28 10.72 9.82 -0.90

Fruits 4.60 8.22 5.15 -3.07

Potato 5.95 5.56 7.59 +2.03

Fish 2.10 2.57 2.73 +0.16

Meat 0.91 6.86 2.45 -4.41

Milk 1.99 14.29 4.54 -9.75

Egg (M) 4780 16297 11052 -5245

Source: BBS, DAE, DLS, DOF, BARC; MT=million tons

Page 34: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 34

Conclusion* A major challenge of agriculture production is the

deterioration of natural resources e.g. land & water due to overexploitation of agricultural land and greatest emphasis on mono-cropping (rice). This would impact food and nutrition insecurity of increasing population.

* Our basic task of wisely using our soil resources requires that we should have a periodic and regular inventory of our soils- their characteristics, fertility status, distribution and use potential.

* Such information needs to be readily available through internets as texts, maps and other data bases so to assist the stakeholders in making use of this information judiciously for successful crop production as well as sustenance of soil health.

Page 35: Icm seminar2011

04/08/23 SRDI, BANGLADESH 35

Thanks for patient hearing