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SOA – Successful Adoption and Barriers
IDC Service-Oriented Architecture Conference 2005
Rick Robinson, IT Architect, IBM EMEA WebSphere Lab Services
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Agenda
What works?
Barriers
Roadmaps
Summary
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What Works?
Business scenarios, technologies and governance
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What Works? Business Scenarios
Multi-channel Multiple technology channels, e.g. desktop, browser pervasive
Multiple brands
Intermediary, B2B or dot.com models Small to large
Service aggregation e.g. financial portals
dot.com integration e.g. Amazon, e-Bay
New Applications Well-targetted process automation
Integration or Consolidation Bottom-up integration architectures of reasonable ambition
Single view of data
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Legacy e.g. CICS “routing transaction” using simple structured data formats
… increasingly migrating to Web services
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) XML interfaces and message formats
Communication through EAI technology e.g. asynchronous messaging
Custom API frameworks provide application support
… increasingly migrating to Web services
Web services Many current uses of Web services are for basic point-to-point integration
Some more advanced organisations have built SOA infrastructures with extensive use of Web services
… becoming more common as Web services mature
What Works? Technologies
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Reseller channels, e.g. supermarkets
Branches
Online bank
Corporate Bank
... etc. ...S
ervi
ce G
atew
ay Account Management
Payments
etc.
Operations Director
Cha
nnel
Ow
ners
System
Ow
ners
What Works? Aligned Service and System Ownership
One layer of services Organisation matches service architecture Obvious owners of services and supporting infrastructure
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Barriers
Mismatches, trust and … governance
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Barriers: Mismatches
Narrow drivers, broad ambition Are current business goals to reduce cost or develop new business?
Is the level of sponsorship consistent with the scope of impact?
Inappropriate combinations of risk Pilot project, new technology
Production project, conservative technology
Many other combinations!
Scepticism – adopting SOA successfully requires cultural change “It’s nothing new”
“The technology doesn’t work”
“It’s not for us”
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Barriers: Trust
Application
Service 1 Service 2
Change to irrelevant optional schema
Service 3Service Z
No need to test No need to testTest
If SOA uses intermediaries to insulate service consumers from changes to service
implementations, how do services consumers know when to re-test?
Until services are trusted, regression testing will be performed in all cases Automated testing scripts and tools can be used to minimise impact
Change to relevant optional
schema or mandatory
schema
Service implementation
changed or substituted
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Barriers: Governance
Store Client (Catalogue)
Sales Management Client
Store Client (Orders)
Product Management Client
... etc. ...
Ser
vice
B
us
Order Services
Product Services
etc.
Pricing Services
Accounts
Product Management
etc.
ERP
No clear point of ownership for common services Infrastructure owned by IT, clients and back end systems owned by lines of business Tends to result in a proliferation of variations of “common” services dedicated to specific
channels
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ITASOA Project
Barriers: Governance
!
ITS
InfrastructureCan it be operated
?
Architecture Review Board
OperationalTDA
Does it advance our strategy?
Enterprise Architecture Group
Our strategy is SOA
I need a new mortgage system
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Roadmaps
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There is no roadmap …
Standards Based Model for all Service Interaction Aspects Important aspects include protocols, interface definitions, message formats, APIs, directories
etc.
Service Enable Legacy Systems and Applications Analogous to JDBC enablement of databases for J2EE
Implement a High Quality of Service Infrastructure Asynchronous messaging, assured delivery, security, transactions and compensation etc.
Establish a comprehensive model and implementation of different types of service Business process vs. business transaction vs. technical service vs. external service vs. legacy
service etc.
Service directory and re-use strategy Establishing the development culture, publishing and discovering services, internally and
externally etc.
Establish organisations and processes for governance and ownership Enterprise Architecture governance, service ownership etc.
… but there are many individual steps to take in an order that makes sense to your organisation.
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Summary
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Summary
SOA has been repeatedly proven over the last decade (at least!)
Open standard and product support is increasingly rapidly in sophistication and maturity
In it’s broadest form, SOA is an approach to Enterprise Architecture, and there is no skirting the difficult issues associated with that
But a big-bang approach is not mandated …
… a flexible, incremental approach moulded to business needs and strategy is the most likely to succeed
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End
IBM Software Group | WebSphere software
IBM Software Group | WebSphere software
IBM Software Group | WebSphere software
IBM Software Group | WebSphere software
Timings
3 minutes intro 3 slides in first section finish on 5, 7, 9 minutes 1 minute bridge 4 slides in second section finish on 12, 14, 16, 18 minutes 1 minute bridge 1 slide in last section finishes on 21 minutes 4 minutes wrap-up and contingency
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