I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
BMZ Conference Forest for the Future11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurementand
Sustainable Building Policies
I S A F O R Erik Lammerts van Bueren
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public ProcurementFour key messages
• In order to create solid ground for implementing their TPP, Governments have to establish their own reference framework including SFM criteria
• Harmonisation, among MS, of criteria and ways of assessment of (Certification systems for) sustainably produced timber is highly desirable and effective.
• Unbridled proliferation of source and product oriented standards can impose unequal requirements on the management of the forest. Equal requirements is a must
• Legislation/regulation is key for turning demand towards legal and sustainably produced timber and biomass and for effectively influencing SFM (Self binding rules for Governments, EUTR,RED)
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
History
• Deforestation and degradation of Tropical Rain Forests was main trigger for private sector initiatives to certify timber
• FSC 1993
• PEFC 1999
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
Procurement Policies
• Procurement policies are driven strongly in countries with:– Powerful NGO movement – Substantial tropical timber import volume,
• Two governmental roles: – Government as legal entity; self binding – Government as public legislator; regulations binding
for all or selected actors in the country (sanctions)
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
Requirements for a Sound TPPPolicy must be compatible with:
• WTO, EU and National legislation EU treaty
– Non-discrimination, equal treatment, transparency, proportionality
EU Procurement Directives 2004/17/EC and 2004/18– Art 23: prohibits to refer to standards of CS as a bench mark for SFM Simply referring to FSC/PEFC or similar is not allowed
• To create solid ground for implementing their TPP Governments have to establish their own criteria and reference framework
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The Netherlands experiment
• The Dutch Government established in 1997 "Minimum requirements for SFM”
• Parliament decided to elaborate the Minimum requirements into a standard of P & C.
• It took 5 years to agree on a Standard in a consultative process. Requirements for certification protocols were added.
• Ad hoc committee assessed Certification systems against the Dutch standard. No CS passed!!!! Standard was simplified.
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public ProcurementTimber Procurement Assessment System (1)
TPAS
• TPAS components:– Timber Procurement Assessment Committee (TPAC),
5 independent members plus a secretary. – 3 normative documents as its reference framework:
• SFM standard; • CoC standard; • DAM standard; Development, Application and Management
of certification systems,. • In addition: PEM standard; the Procedure on Endorsement of
Certification Systems by a Meta-System
– User Manual, including a scoring system and objection and appeal procedure
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public ProcurementTimber Procurement Assessment System (2)
TPAS• Assessment by 2 step approach:
– 1) Analysis: if and in what way is each TPAS criterion being addressed by the CS.
– 2) Judgement: TPAC evaluates the way each TPAS criterion is being addressed. Review by the System manager at least two times.
• Actual performance of the CS or Umbrella system is taken into account (practice test). – Stakeholder forum– Audit reports
• Final decision by responsible Minister
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The Netherlands experienceconclusions
• TPAC judgement recognised in BREAM protocol• Consumption of certified sawn wood including
plywood and boards has risen substantially:– 2008 33,5% of total consumption (6,6 mil m3)– 2011 66,7% of total consumption (5.8 mil m3)
• Compliance market is best guarantee for growth of demand
• Implementation of TPP based on a solid reference framework keeps Certification systems sharp
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The Netherlands experienceconsumption of sustainable wood
• Consumption 2011 sawn wood and plywood and boards 5.8 million m3 r.e.– Construction 38%; – Packaging sector 23%; – Road and water works 12%; – Furniture 12%; – DIY and Garden sector 11%; – other 4%;
• PEFC 2.5 million M3 FSC 1.4 million M3
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The International Context (MS)• Most EU member states lack a transparent reference
framework for the justification of accepting FSC and PEFC certificates as evidence for SFM
• Differences in sustainability requirements and assessment procedures between EU member states cause confusion and constraints with the timber trade and certification systems.
• Harmonization of reference frameworks and assessment procedures is therefore highly desirable.
• Cooperation in assessing certification systems and category B evidence avoids double efforts and saves financial and human resources.
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The International Context (EC)• ADWG 2010,"Public procurement of wood and wood
based products“ concluded: – “sustainable produced timber” can qualify as subject matter – criteria of all three pillars of sustainable production, including
criteria regarding use and tenure rights of the forest, are appropriate in the technical specification and/or the award stage of wood and wood products.
• EC GPP Communication 2008 “Public Procurement for a Better Environment” advices:– legally harvested forests as minimum technical specification for
supply contracts and as contract performance clauses for work contracts.
– compliance with sustainability criteria which are linked to the subject matter of the contract is proposed as award criteria.
– Reference standards PEOLG, UNCED principles, ITTO, etc
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
The International Context
• EUTRT Legal
• FLEGT Legal
• EU-RED Sustainable Biomass
• REDD+ Carbon
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Proliferation of standardsSource
Single source Various sources
Societal function = service, or product specific application of raw material.
Single function
1)Energy generationNatural forest
2) Energy generationNatural forest; plantation; shelterbelt; natural short vegetation; agriculture.
Multiple functions
3)Energy generation; timber for construction; paper; CO2-fixation; water supply; recreation; employment.Natural forest
4)Energy generation; timber for construction; paper; CO2-fixation; water supply; recreation; employmentNatural forest; plantation; shelterbelt; natural short vegetation; agriculture.
In 4) not every forest can fulfil all the social functions which are given as examples
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement Proliferation of standards
Complete standards have two components to safeguard the conservation of biodiversity:Spatial component: criteria with a spatial
dimension (separation of functions within the FMU)
Component addressing the quality of the intervention: process criteria and/or criteria describing a characteristic of the ecosystem
(integration of functions)
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
Thank you for your attention
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement Proliferation of standards
source oriented standardsLegal forest management/ legal wood SGS: TLTV (VLO and VLC) Smart Wood: LO and LC Bureau Veritas: OLB FSC: CW etc.
Sustainable forest management / sustainably produced wood
FSC PEFC and systems endorsed by PEFC (CSA; SFI; MTCS; FFCS; etc.) ISO Environmental management system RIL standard, Tropical Forest Foundation (USA) etc.
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement Proliferation of standards
product oriented standardsSustainable biomass Criteria for Sustainable Bioenergy use on a global scale (Germany) Testing Framework for sustainable biomass (NTA) (Netherlands) Round Table for Sustainable Biofuels (RSB) Round table for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) etc
CO2 storage Clean Development Mechanism (CDM A/R) Gold standard (GS) Climate, Community & Biodiversity Standards (CCBS) Voluntary carbon Standard (VCS) Chicago climate exchange (CCX) Voluntary Offset Standard (VOS) Plan Vivo etc
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
FLEGT
• Definition of Legally produced timber (compliance with Legislation relevant for SFM and timber trade) – rights to harvest– requirements regarding forest management, including
compliance with relevant environmental, labour and community welfare legislation
– taxes, duties, royalties and fees related to harvesting and timber trade
– respect for tenure and use rights to land and resources
– requirements for trade and exports
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
FLEGT (2)
• Definition of Legally produced timber
• Legality Assurance System (LAS)
• Timber Licensing Scheme
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
EUTR (regulation 995/2010)
• Definition of applicable legislation (country of harvest):
- rights to harvest timber within legally gazettes boundaries- payments for harvest rights and timber including duties
related to timber harvesting- timber harvesting, including environmental and forest
legislation including forest management and biodiversity conservation, where directly related to timber harvesting
- third parties' legal rights concerning use and tenure that are affected by timber harvesting,
- trade and customs, in so far as the forest sector is concerned
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
EUTR (regulation 995/2010) (2)
• Obligations of operators: (placing timber on the market)
– risk mitigation procedures– risk assessment– access to information
• Obligations of traders: they shall be able to identify:
– the operators or traders who have supplied the timber– traders to whom they have supplied timber and timber
products
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public Procurement
EU-RED (regulation)
• Art.17 Biofuels and bioliquids shall not be made from raw material obtained from:– primary forest – areas designated for nature protection
purposes
I S A F O R: “Forests for Future Generations, 11-12 June, 2013 Berlin
Forest Standards in Public ProcurementTimber Procurement Assessment System (3)
TPAS
• Category B evidence = – Any credible documentary evidence, other than a
certificate, that provides assurance that the timber has been sustainably produced.
• TPAC assists government procurement officers in assessing category B evidence for sustainably produced timber and for legal timber.
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