GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, AZAMGARH

• HYDROGEN FUEL CELL

(a clean fuel for future) Presented BySHUBHAM DUBEY1373640051

Presentation On

CONTENTS1. INTRODUCTION

2. HISTORY OF FUEL CELL

3. PRINCIPLE OF FUEL CELL

4. TYPES OF FUEL CELL

5. HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SYSTEM

6. WHY WE CHOOSE HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SYSTEM

7. HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE

8. EFFICIENCY OF HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE

9. EMISSION BY HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE

10. COMPARISON B/W HYDROGEN FUEL AND GASOLINE

11. ADVANTAGE

12. DISADVANTAGE

13. APPLICATION

14. FUTURE OF FUEL CELL

15. REFERENCE

INTRODUCTION

FUEL CELL ARE DEVICES TO CONVERT CHEMICAL ENERGY OF FUEL CELL INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY WITHOUT USE OF HEAT ENGINE.

IT IS POSSIBLE DUE TO REDOX REACTION. THE CONVENTIONAL PROCESS TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL

ENERGYCHEMICAL

ENRGY HEAT MECHANICAL ENERGY

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

HISTORY OF FUEL CELL 1839 SIR WILLLIAM ROBERT GROOVE

(GAS VOLTAIC BATTERY (1ST FUEL )

1955 FRANCIS THOMAS BACON

(5KW STATIONARY AFC) 1960 GRUBB & NIEDRUCH

(PEM FUEL CELL)

1967 GM ELECTROVAN

1969 NASA

(FIRST AFC ON MOON)

PRINCIPLE OF FUEL CELL IT CONSISTS OF ELECTRODE, ELECTROLYTE & CATALYST TO FACILITATE

ELECTROCHEMICAL REDOX REACTION. BASIC ARRANGEMENT IN FUEL CELL CAN BE REPRESENTED AS FOLLOWS:-

FUEL ELECTRODE ELECTROLYTE ELECTRODE OXIDANT

ANODE & CATHODE :- THE MATERIAL WHICH HAVE HIGH ELECTRON CONDUCTIVITY & ZERO PROTON CONDUCTIVITY(POROUS CARBON ELECTRODE)

CATALYST :- Pt / Cd ELECTROLYTE :- HIGH PROTON CONDUCTIVTY & ZERO ELECTRON CONDUCTIVITY

(KOH, NAOH)

TYPES OF FUEL CELL

FUEL CELLALKALINE FUEL CELL

(AFC)

MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELL(MCFC)

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL(SOFC)

POSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELL(PAFC)

POLYMER ELECTRODE TO MEMBRANE FUEL CELL

(PEMFC)

HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SYSTEM AT ANODE, THE FUEL (HYDOGEN) UNDERGOES OXIDATION &

RELEASE ELECTRON. THESE ELECTRON FLOW THROUGH EXTERNAL CIRCUIT TO CATHODE. AT CATHODE, OXIDANT(OXYGEN) GET REDUCED. THE ELECTRON PRODUCE ELECTRICITY WHILE PASSING THROUGH

EXTERNAL CIRCUIT.

HYDROGEN FUEL CELL SYSTEM(CONT.) AT ANODE,

H2 4H++ 4e-

AT CATHODE,

O2 + 4H+ + 4e- 2H2O

OVERALL REACTION,

2H2 + O2 2H2O

WHY WE CHOOSE HYDROGEN AS A FUEL? Disperses quickly Is non-toxic Produces water upon combustion Can be stored safely Does not plume Does not leach Is stable in ambient temperatures The Hydrogen Economy infrastructure is less expensive The elimination of greenhouse gases The elimination of economic dependence

HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE

EFFICIENCY OF HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE THEORETICAL EFFICIENCY, useful workdone

heat of combustion

FOR HYDROGEN FUEL CELL= -285.5 kj/mol

FOR HYDROGEN FUEL CELL = -237.39kj/mol

*100 = 83%

BUT ACTUAL EFFICIENCY = 60% - 70%

EMISSION BY HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLE

Category 10

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

CO2 EMISSION

Series 1 Series 2

Category 10

50

100

150

200

250

300

CO EMISSION

Series 1 Series 2

Category 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

NOX EMISSION

Series 1 Series 2

COMPARISON B/W HYDROGEN FUEL AND GASOLINE

HYDROGEN FUEL SOURCE IS WATER SUPPLY IS INFINITE. RENEWABLE CARBON FOOTPRINT COST PER GALLON IS $1.00. MILES PER GALLON OF HYDROGEN IS

81. NO ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENT

IMPACT COST.

GASOLINE SOURCE IS CRUDE OIL. SUPPLY IS FINITE. NON RENEWABLE. NO CARBON FOOTPRINT COST PER GALLON IS $2.23 MILES PER GALLON OF FUEL IS 18-31. ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

COST

ADVANTAGE OF FUEL CELL HIGH EFFICIENCY(70%) AND CLEANER FUEL. LOW NOISE & LOW THERMAL POLLUTION. BYPRODUCTS ARE WATER & WASTE HEAT SO NO AIR POLLUTION

OCCUR.(NO POLLUTANT) IT PRODUCE DRINKING WATER OF POTABLE QUALITY. LOW MAINTENANCE COST AND ECO-FRIENDLY IT DOES NOT DEPEND ON SIZE RELATIVE TO POWER. FAST START UP TIME FOR LOW TEMPERATURE. BOTH LOW POWER DENSITY AND HIGH POWER DENSITY CAN BE

POWERED.

DISADVANTAGE OF FUEL CELL HIGH INITIAL COST. LIFETIME ARE NOT ACCURATELY KNOWN. HIGH COST OF PURE HYDROGEN. IF SINGLE CELL IS DAMAGED, WHOLE STACK SHOULD BE CHECKED.

APPLICATION OF FUEL CELL THE FIRST COMMERCIAL USE OF FUEL CELL WAS IN NASA SPACE

PROGRAM TO GENERATE POWER IN APOLLO IN 1969. IT IS USED IN VEHICLE INCLUDING AUTOMOBILE, BYCYCLE,

AEROPLANE, BOAT, SUB-MARINE. ALL POPULAR COMPANIES LIKE BMW, MERCEDES, TATA, GM, HONDA,

HYUNDAI, FORD, TOYOTA LAUNCHES THEIR FUEL CELL VEHICLE. USE IN HOUSE FOR POWER BACKUP IN GERMANY, JAPAN AND UK BY

“CLEAR EDGE POWER” COMPANY.

FUTURE OF FUEL CELL FUEL CELL COMMERCIALISATION “STARTED IN 2007”. IT REPLACES CARBURETOR AND FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM. PORTABLE FUEL CELL MARKET TO $2.3 BILLION BY 2016.

(SOURCE :- RESEARCH AT WWW.GREENCARCONGRESS.COM) THERE ARE 85 HDROGEN REFUELING STATION IN US IN 2010 WHILE

CALIFORNIA HAD 23 IN 2013. HONDA ANNOUNCED PLAN TO OPEN FIRST FUEL STATION THAT GENERATE

HYDROGEN FROM SOLAR POWERED RENEWABLE ELECTROLYSIS. THE U.S. GOVERNMENT HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN FUEL CELL AND

HYDROGEN RESEARCH FOR DECADES NOW.

REFERENCE WWW.FuelCellWorks.com WWW.Fuelcelltoday.com Cnn.com, Wikipedia www.evworld.com Wired Magazine – How Hydrogen Can Save America

THANK YOU