Hutton Communications
Your Wireless Experts
Welcome to in-building 101
Presented by Professor Mike Brownson
Today’s Topic –
Distributed antenna systems for indoor
cellular and public safety repeaters
Welcome to In-Building 101
Useful Terminology• DAS = Distributed Antenna System, the network that distributes the RF signal
• BDA = Bi-Directional Amplifier = Repeater
• Donor Site = The signal that you are looking to redistribute inside the building (eg: the
repeater site/tower)
• Donor Antenna = outdoor directional antenna pointed toward the donor site
• Server Antenna = indoor antennas
• Downlink = the RF path from the tower/repeater DOWN to the users device, the repeater
transmit frequency
• Uplink = the RF path from the user device to the tower, portable device transmit frequency
• Composite power = broadband power measurement, sum of all RF signals
• RSSI = Received Signal Strength Indicator
• EUD = End User Device, the device we’re trying to allow to talk to and from the tower
• Link Budget = the sum of all gains and losses to derive a theoretical value of signal at the
EUD or at the donor site (downlink and uplink, respectively)
Welcome to in-building 101Useful terminology
Types of in-building systems
• Passive system
– BDA or transmitter connected to a passive network of coax and
splitters
• Active system
– Usually a DAS that uses optical fiber to transfer signals between
a head-end and remote heads located throughout a building or
group of buildings. Also available is a system that uses Cat5/6
cable to do the same.
Useful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Types of in-building systems
Components of a passive in-building system
• Donor antenna
• Lightning protector
• Coax from donor antenna to BDA
• BDA/Repeater
• More coax
• Splitters, couplers, tappers
• Indoor antennas
Types of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Components of a passive indoor system
Components of an in-building systemComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Components of an inbuilding system
When should I use a fiber DAS?
• A fiber DAS allows for co-existence between 800Mhz cellular
systems and 800Mhz SMR or Nextel systems. Not a good practice
on a passive DAS
• A fiber DAS is much more scalable to accommodate large facilities,
even if the structure is millions of sq ft. In facilities like sports
arenas, stadiums, office towers, museums, colleges and hospitals,
this is the only practical solution.
• A fiber DAS provides a future proof design. It allows for expansion
and adding new frequency bands and carriers without having to add
cable and antennas.
Components of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101When should I use a fiber DAS?
Industry Drivers
• For Public Safety
– IFC2009, NFPA and other fire safety codes now specify minimum indoor
signal quality for public safety radio signals
• For Cell Phones
– The proliferation of cellular phones, and especially smart phones, has
caused a much greater need for cellular coverage and capacity indoors
Components of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Industry drivers
RF Signal Sources from
Multiple Carriers
Head-End in
MDF Closet
Remote in
IDF Closet
Antenna
Benefits of Corning Mobile Access DAS Solutions
• Single/Multi Carrier Multi-Service & Public Safety
Solution supporting key combinations of voice &
data services such as Cellular, PCS, IDEN,
AWS, LTE, WLAN and Public Safety (400 MHz –
6 GHz)
• Future-Ready Scalable Platform with modular
service additions to accommodate medium &
large scale deployments and simple upgrade
path for 3G & 4G support
Corning | MorningAccess: Wire-it-once infrastructure
investment
Supporting Carriers &
Public Safety On A DAS
• The Most Effective Solutions in the Industry –Choose from a variety of LTE SISO and MIMO dedicated & partitioned solutions
• Modular Architecture – Invest only in the technology that you need.Easily to add other carrier modules when they join the system.
• Avoid Lease Changing Events – MA modular, architecture means
UMTS, LTE and other upgrades are completed with minimal disruption. Work is done in the Telecom closets not in the ceilings.
• Dedicated Components - carriers are more likely to join a systemwhere operators have their own modules and know that they cannot impact each other
• Industry Leading Healthcare Applications - MA Solutions include the ability to add applications to the DAS like Telemetry, Public Safety
• Leverage WiFi Infrastructure – MA Solutions have100% transparent Wi-Fi support. Cut deployment costs by 50%+
Contact: Marty Mednansky – Director Channel Sales(253) 445-1509 [email protected]
MobileAccessVE is the first
and only “Cisco Compatible”
DAS that supports converged
mobility with 802.11n MIMO,
2/3G Cellular, and 4G MIMO
Cellular solutions.
Passed Cisco’s extensive
testing and certification
requirements.
Corning | MorningAccess:
What do we need to know to get started
• Frequency band(s) and number of channels
• Donor signal strength
• Building characteristics
– Size
– Interior wall materials
– Identify areas needing coverage
• public safety requires 100% coverage in exit pathways and fire
control rooms
– floor plans
Industry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101What do we need to know to get started?
Get permission from license holderIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Get permission from license holder
Importance of knowing donor signal strength
Assumptions = 10dB gain donor antenna, 100 ft donor coax, 80dB gain BDA, 800Mhz
SMR band, average office space propagation, -85 mobile RSSI
• -95 donor = 22,000 sq ft
• -90 = 42,240 sq ft
• -85 = 88,000 sq ft
• -80 = 178,000 sq ft
• -75 = 282,000 sq ft
• -70 = 712,800 sq ft
Disclaimer – actual performance will vary greatly depending on the shape of the building, which will effect cable run
lengths. But you get the idea. Donor signal is critical to a realistic design!
Industry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Importance of know donor signal strength
Composite Power
• Sum of all RF signals passing thru the repeater/BDA
• All BDAs have a max composite power. The BDA goes into
AGC and reduces the gain applied when composite power is
exceeded.
• This means, if the BDA is receiving unnecessary RF signals
you may not be getting the gain you planned on. You should
use either a band specific or channel specific filter on ALL
installations.
Industry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power
Composite PowerIllustration of typical spectrum input
Total composite power = -44.24 dBm
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
851Mhz 866Mhz
Public Safety
block
Everyone else
Industry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite power: illustration of typical spectrum input
Composite PowerUsing a band selective repeater/BDA
Composite input power = -65.62 dBm
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
Roll-off
point
851Mhz 866Mhz
Industry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite power: Using a band selective repeater/BDA
Composite PowerEven more important to use band filters in the PCS band
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
1930Mhz 1995Mhz
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power: even more important to use
band filters in the PCS band
Composite PowerBut all you wanted was this
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
1930Mhz 1995Mhz
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power: but all you wanted was this
Composite PowerFull band PCS
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
1930Mhz 1995Mhz
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power: full band PCS
Composite PowerOften Cell carriers will have split bands
-55
-60
-65
-70
-75
-80
1930Mhz 1995Mhz
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power: often cell carriers will have
split bands
Composite Power
• If you have a specific band that your intended signals
are dominant in then use a band selective filter
– Eg. cellular, PCS, public safety NPSPAC, Nextel (post
rebanded)
• If your desired channels are intermixed with interfering
signals, use a channel selective BDA
– SMR (pre-rebanded) VHF, UHF
• The only way to know is to do an RF site survey from
the intended donor antenna location
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Composite Power
In-Building Solution Provider with a Sales, Support and Partner network world-
wide. US HQ in Plano, Texas
Rapidly growing installed base across 9 countries, including Airports, Hospitals,
Power plants, Government buildings, Leisure, Broadcasting and Sports venues.
Operational systems are all multi-operator and support private PMR, public
safety, commercial cellular, multi-cast WiFi, broadband data service, specialist
telemetry and other services
Unique True Wideband Active DAS solution covering all wireless services
between 136MHz and 2.7GHz with a simple modular design based around just 4
units
3000 SYSTEM COMPONENTS Introduction to Zinwave
3000 SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Hubs Chassis
Primary # 302-001
Used as Secondary -same #
Modules
• Optical Module #302-002
• RF Service Module #302-003
Wide Band Remote Unit -Fibre
# 302 -0007
Remote Power Supply
#302-013
Hutton Offers: Zinwave - 3000 System Components
Link Budget
• Downlink formula– RSSI at donor antenna
– + Gain of donor antenna (assuming previous measurement was done with unity gain antenna)
– - donor cable loss
– + amplifier gain
– - splitter/coupler losses
– -coax cable losses
– + server antenna gain in dbi
– - free space path loss indoors (add in wall losses, body coupling losses, etc…)
– = received signal strength at the handset
Know your dBs
Composite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Link Budget
Link BudgetComposite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Link Budget
• Engineering in-building products
since 1995
• Products available in Wireless Service Provider
and Public Safety frequencies
• North American Tier 1 Carriers use CSI
• Leader in Digital Repeater technology
• All Active products are Made in the USA
• Selling over 45K BDAs and Repeaters
Visit CSI at: www.cellularspecialties.com
About CSI Link BudgetComposite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101About CSI
CSI Product Offerings
Power Dividers
& Couplers
Antennas
Bi-Directional
Amplifiers
(BDAs)
Digital
Repeaters
System Components
PRODUCTS
Visit CSI at: www.cellularspecialties.com
Link BudgetComposite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101CSI Product Offering
Hutton Offers: CorrFlex Jumpers
CorrFlex Jumpers
• Priced competitively
• PIM Certified
• Manufacturer certified assembly process
Are your jumpers factory made or field assembly equivalent?
Thank You!
• For pricing and product availability contact your usual
Hutton sales rep
• For product support and design assistance please
contact
Mike Brownson
303-373-3170
Link BudgetComposite PowerIndustry DriversComponents of a passive in-building systemTypes of in-building systemsUseful TerminologyWelcome to in-building 101Thank You!
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