HOUSING FORECLOSURE IN LOS ANGELES COUNTY:
Need for Prevention and Assistance at the Local Level
Ada LingJun Peng 3040661182012 FallGIS FINAL PROJECT
Outline
Research Background and Question Data Collection and Sources Maps and Skills utilized Major Findings
Research Background U.S. housing foreclosure crisis from 2007 to 2009: huge direct
and indirect financial and social impacts
Main causes: Deregulation of mortgage loans, high percentage of high risk lending Reform Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP) and etc.
Micro level: homeowners and renters, neighborhoods and communities
Need and capacity at the local level in terms of preventing foreclosures, providing assistance and mitigating the impacts of relevant households
Urban spatial structure: the complex relationship among the locations of population, economic and social characteristics and activities (such as housing, racial diversity and employment experience), physical networks, and etc.
Research Question Do the existing housing counseling agencies in Los
Angeles County have a good service coverage? What is the next step?
Identify areas that need most help in terms of prevention and assistance
Propose optimal locations for additional counseling agencies
Examine social, economic and demographic data of the new service area to provide insights on designing the services provided and staffing of the new agencies
Overview: housing crisis
Study area: LA County
Foreclosure data estimated_number_foreclos
ures estimated count of foreclosure starts over 18 months from Jan 2007 through June 2008.
estimated_foreclosure_rate - number of foreclosure starts divided by number of mortgages times 100.
Mortgage Bankers Association National Delinquency Survey, estimated by the HUD model
*Original Data
Current status: need & supply
Existing Housing Counseling Agencies Serving LA County
Operation Hope,INC (English, Spanish) Shalom Center for T.R.E.E. of Life
(English Only) NID-HCA (English Only) West Angeles Community
Development Corp. ( English.) East Los Angeles Community
Corporation (ELACC) (Spanish) Korean Churches for Community
Development (Korean) Los Angeles Neighborhood Housing
Services (English, Spanish) ClearPoint Credit Counseling Solutions
(English, Spanish) New Economics For Women (English,
Spanish)
Source:http://housing.lacounty.gov/ForeclosureResources.html
*original data
Demographic characteristics
Racial Majority IndexMajority defined as the group having the largest percentage of total population
White aloneAsian-Pacific Islander alone Black alone Hispanic Having two or more races Some other race alone
Social economic characteristics in relation to # of foreclosures
Index of “the Needy” Percent of families below
poverty line-- 50% Percent of population
having less than high school education-- 50%
Need Index Proposed new locations
Problem: Find the most suitable location for
additional housing counseling centers
Parameters : (equal weight) Supply: Far from
existing centers Needs: # of
foreclosures Index of the Needy
(social, economic factors)
Identify the area with the greatest need for additional housing counseling agencies
Located the detailed locations based on geographic information in the top 2 hot spot areas
Need Index Proposed new locations
Model & Hot Spot Analysis Build model Convert to Raster Index and
Reclassify Weight and Index Hot spot analysis
Network analysis—Service Area Analysis
Use Geocoding to place the proposed 2 new locations
Use Service Area Analysis to determine the new service area within 15 and 30 minutes drive
Look at the detailed demographics….
• Relatively young with a mean age around 30
• More female
• Majority White and Hispanic
• ~ 10 to 30% foreign born
Main Findings Huge spatial disparity in terms of the locations
of housing counseling agencies in LA County
Severe need for additional agencies in Lancaster and Palmdale
Social, economic and demographic data provides great insights on the design for new agencies. Implications: provide both Spanish and English,
online services, legal assistance and etc.
The End
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