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The hardware, software and techniques used for
soundMP3 players: • play music files
stored digitally in MP3 file format
• are small and portable
• can store thousands of music tracks
• are now part of many mobile phones.
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Sound cards
• Circuit boards containing chips and other components.
• Allow high quality music/sound to be produced.
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Microphones
• are input devices• used to enter
voice, sounds, live music, etc.
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Speakers and headphones
• are output devices• used to output the
sound/music after processing by the computer.
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MIDI
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
• allows musical instruments to transfer music to a computer
• where it can be edited and stored
• MIDI can play back the stored music using the device used to create it
• keyboards use MIDI.
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Sound conversion (analogue to digital and
digital to analogue)• Sound is an analogue
signal (i.e. constantly varying).
• Nearly all computers process digital data.
• The analogue sound needs to be converted (i.e. digitized).
• An analogue-to-digital converter is used.
• To play back the music, the digital data is converted to analogue using a digital-to-analogue converter.
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Analogue to digital and digital to analogue
conversion
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Sequencers
• Hardware or software used to manage music.
• Drum machines are an example – they play a series of note in a set order automatically.
• Music workstations can also provide sequencers.
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Notators (music composition
software)• Software that allows
you to compose your own music.
• Enter notes into the computer via the keyboard, a MIDI system or scanning a piece of music on paper using a scanner.
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Sound wave editors
• Allows sound waves to be altered.
• You can alter, cut, paste and have effects such as echo, amplification and noise reduction applied.
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