History of Indian Judicial SystemLegal Environment of Business
Prepared By
Manu Melwin Joy
Assistant ProfessorIlahia School of Management Studies
Kerala, India.
Phone – 9744551114Mail – [email protected]
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History
Maharajas - Hindu Laws
Mughal Emperors - Islam Laws + HL
British Empire – English Common Law + HL + IL
Present - Constitution
Indian Judicial System
• Supreme Courts
• High Courts
• Subordinate courts
Supreme Courts
• Supreme court of Indiastands at the apex of theentire judicial system. Itconsists of a Chief Justiceand not more thantwenty five judges. Everyjudge of supreme courtshall be appointed by thepresident.
Supreme Courts
Supreme court has four
kinds of jurisdiction.
– Original.
– Appellate.
– Advisory.
– Special.
High Courts
• High court is the head of
the judicial administration
of the state. Each high
court consist of a chief
justice, appointed by the
president.
High Courts
• Jurisdiction of High Court
– Court of record.
– Power of issue writs.
– Power of superintendence.
Subordinate Courts
• The power and functions of
these courts have been
principally derived from the
two important codes.
– Code of Civil Procedure.
– Code of Criminal Procedure.
Subordinate Courts
• Each state is divided into
Judicial districts presided
over the District and
sessions judge. He is the
highest judicial authority
in a district.
Fundamental Rights and Duties
Fundamental Rights
• Rights are claims that areessential for the existenceand development ofindividuals. In that sensethere will a long list of rights.Whereas all these arerecognized by the society,some of the most importantrights are recognized by theState and enshrined in theconstitution. Such rights arecalled fundamental rights.
Fundamental Rights
• The Constitution guarantees six fundamental rights to Indian citizens as follows: – right to equality – right to freedom– right against exploitation– right to freedom of religion– Right to cultural and
educational rights and – right to constitutional
remedies.
Fundamental Duties
• History of Indian Judicial System.
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