Historical Understandingsof the Middle East
SS7H2 The students will analyze continuity and change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st century.
SS7H2aExplain how European partitioning in the Middle East after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire led to regional conflict.
Ottoman Empire
joined the
Central Powers
in WWI and lost.
It was partitioned
by Britain and
France without
considering
ethnic groups.
It caused
regional conflict
over land,
especially with
the Kurds.
SS7H2bExplain the historical reasons for the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948; include the Jewish religious connection to the land the holocaust, anti-Semitism, and Zionism in Europe.
Jews expelled
from homeland;
Muslim Empire
takes over
Anti-Semitism
in Europe
throughout
centuries
Zionism
Holocaust
Arab -
Israeli
War 1948
Creation of the state
of Israel in 1948
SS7H2cDescribe how land and religion are the reasons for continuing conflicts in the Middle East.
Continuing
Conflict
over land in
Middle East
Religious differences
between Israelis and
Palestinians and
historical claims to
same land
Ethnic differences of
the Kurds wanting
homeland
Religious differences
between Sunni (Iraq)
and Shia (Iran)
Muslims
SS7H2dExplain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia (Middle East); include the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
US interests in Southwest Asia
• Protecting Oil
• Protecting Israel
• Fighting Terrorism
SS7H2dExplain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia (Middle East); include the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
Iraq invaded Kuwaitfor oil and easy access
to Persian Gulf
Persian Gulf War
"Operation DesertStorm", US removed Iraqi soldiers from
Kuwait.
1991
SS7H2dExplain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia (Middle East); include the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
9/11 Attack on World Trade Center by Osama
bin Laden who was being sheltered by
Taliban government.
War in Afghanistan
US troops arrived in Afghanistan to remove
Taliban.
2001
al-Qaeda:
a radical Muslim organization dedicated to the elimination
of a Western presence in Arab countries and militantly
opposed to Western foreign policy: founded by Osama bin
Laden in 1988.
Taliban:
a fundamentalist Islamic militia; in 1995 the Taliban militia
took over Afghanistan and in 1996 took Kabul and set up an
Islamic government; "the Taliban enforced a strict Muslim
code of behavior“.
SS7H2dExplain U.S. presence and interest in Southwest Asia (Middle East); include the Persian Gulf conflict and invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.
US believed Iraq possessed
Weapons of Mass Destruction
(WMDs)
Iraq War
"Operation Iraqi Freedom", US
invaded and removed Saddam Hussein from
power.
2003
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