HARDY-WEINBERG AND GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
Ch. 16-1 pp 317-320
Flipbook Due Tomorrow!Warm-up 2/20: Make a double bubble (or ven diagram) comparing and contrasting convergent and divergent evolution. Make sure to include at a minimum:
Analogous Structures
Biogeography
Environment
Co-evolution
Phenotype Genotype
Convergent Both Divergent
Artificial Selection
Adaptive radiation
Homologous Structures
Embryology Vestigial
Structures Common
Ancestor
Variation of Traits in a Population In a population, organisms tend to show
small variations of a trait
Bell Curve – shows thatwhereas a few fish are very short and a few arevery long, most are ofaverage length.
Variations are caused by mutations, genetic recombination, and random-pairing of alleles
The Gene Pool
Gene Pool = the total genetic material available in a population
Adapting to new selection factors can only use existing genes found in the population
Allele Frequency = the number of a certain allele in the population / the total number of all alleles
The phenotype frequencies can change between generations but allele frequencies that create the phenotypes generally do not change very much between generations
A population is the smallest level evolution can work on, changing the genetic composition of the population over time.
The Gene Pool
Gene Pool- genetic variation stored in population
Each allele exists at a certain frequency - gene frequency
Hardy-Weinberg Genetic Equilibrium
States that genotype frequencies remain the same from generation to generation unless acted upon by an outside influence
Makes the following assumptions for a theoretical non-evolving population:
1) No Net Mutations – alleles remain the same
2) Individuals neither enter nor leave the population – no immigration/emigration
3) Large population – ideally infinitely large
4) Random mating
5) Selection does NOT occur – no natural or artificial selection at work
Keep in mind this is theoretical!!! These rules generally allow us to determine the source of a population’s change
Flipbook Due FridayQuiz Friday & HW Read p317-320 Do p320 #1-5 Both Due Mon.
Superposition Biogeography Phylogeny/ phylogenic tree Adaptive Radiation Allele frequency Gene pool Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium
Flipbook Due FridayQuiz Friday & HW Read p317-320 Do p320 #1-5 Both Due Mon.
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