Download - Grammar Clinic Cards - Alumni · Card 8_03 Reported Speech Card 8_04 Reported Speech ... Directions: Complete using the gerund or infinitive form of the verbs in parenthesis. 1.

Grammar Clinic Cards

BASIC TEEN 6 GRAMMAR CLINIC CARDS

INDEX

Card 6_01 Passive Infinite

Card 6_02 Passive Infinite

Card 6_03 Passive with Modals

Card 6_04 Passive with Modals

Card 6_05 Causative with Have/Get



Card 7_01 Verb with Gerund/Infinitive

Card 7_02 Verb with Gerund/Infinitive

Card 7_03 Gerund as Subject

Card 7_04 Gerund as Subject

Card 7_05 By/For with Gerund

Card 7_06 By/For with Gerund

Card 8_01 Time Clauses

Card 8_02 Time Clauses

Card 8_03 Reported Speech




Card 8_07 Indirect Questions

Card 8_08 Indirect Questions

Card 9_01 Third Conditional





Card 9_07 Wish with Past Perfect



Card 9_10 Past Modals of Speculation

Card 9_11 Past Modals of Speculation

Card 10_01 Past Ability

Card 10_02 Past Ability

Card 10_03 Modal Expressions for Past and Future

Card 10_04 Make and Let

Card 10_05 Make and Let


BASIC TEEN 6 – Card 6_01

Unit 6 – PASSIVE INFINITIVE

Directions: Write the sentences using Passive Infinitive.

e.g. People have to read the contract.

The contract has to be read.

1. Children need to respect their parents.

Parents ____________________________________________________

2. We don’t have to clean our rooms every day.

Out rooms _________________________________________________

3. They have to inform Janet about everything that happens here.

__________________________________________________________

4. They have to repair the car before we travel.

__________________________________________________________

5. We need to review all the reports by Thursday.

__________________________________________________________

6. Molly wants people to know her for her discoveries.

__________________________________________________________

7. Larry likes when the teacher praises him.

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. Parents need to be respected (by their children).

2. Our rooms don’t have to be cleaned every day.

3. Janet has to be informed about everything that happens here.

4. The car has to be repaired before we travel.

5. All the reports need to be reviewed by Thursday.

6. Molly wants to be known for her discoveries.

7. Larry likes to be praised by the teacher.




Directions: Complete the sentences using a Passive Infinitive structure and the

verbs in parentheses:

e.g. The students __________________________ (expect / help) by their teachers.

The students expect to be helped by their teachers.

1. The baby ___________________________ (want / carry) all the time.

2. My nephew ___________________________ (ask / take) to the park yesterday.

3. The house ___________________________ (have / clean) as soon as possible.

4. The windows ___________________________ (need / fix) by a professional.

5. I think the dog ___________________________ (have / take) to the vet.

6. The documents ___________________________ (have / signed) by Friday.

7. She ___________________________ (hope / recognized) for her hard work.




ANSWER KEY:

1. wants to be carried

2. asked to be taken

3. has to be cleaned

4. need to be fixed

5. has to be taken

6. have to be signed

7. hopes to be recognized


Unit 6 – PASSIVE WITH MODALS


Directions: Complete the sentences using Passive with Modals and the verbs in

parentheses.

1. The reports __________________________ (had better / send) by Monday.

2. Children __________________________ (must / accompany) by an adult.

3. Teachers __________________________ (ought to / respect).

4. You __________________________ (should / massage) by a professional every

month.

5. The board __________________________ (must / erase) by the teacher in the

end of each class.

6. They __________________________ (ought to / examine) by a doctor.

7. Your eyes __________________________ (should / check) every six months.

8. The car __________________________ (must / fix) today.

9. The chairs __________________________ (must / organize) before you leave the

room.

10. The projector __________________________ (must / turn) off.




ANSWER KEY:

1. had better be sent

2. must be accompanied

3. ought to be respected

4. should be massaged

5. must be erased

6. ought to be examined

7. should be checked

8. must be fixed

9. must be organized

10. must be turned off.




Directions: Rewrite the sentences using the modals in parentheses.

1. The plants need to be watered. (should)

_________________________________________________________

2. Lights have to be on at all times. (must)

_________________________________________________________

3. Your room has to be organized when I get there. (had better)

_________________________________________________________

4. I would like to be informed if they call. (had better)

_________________________________________________________

5. Everything needs to be prepared by tomorrow. (should)

_________________________________________________________

6. Children have to be accompanied by an adult. (must)

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. The plants should be watered.

2. Lights must be on at all times.

3. Your room had better be organized when I get there.

4. I had better be informed if they call.

5. Everything should be prepared by tomorrow.

6. Children must be accompanied by an adult.


Unit 6 – CAUSATIVE WITH HAVE/GET


Directions: Rewrite the sentences using “get” or “have”.

1. Someone will repair Margaret’s computer this week. (have)

Margaret ____________________________________________________

2. Someone cleaned John’s house yesterday. (get)

John ________________________________________________________

3. Someone is painting Sandy’s room. (get)

Sandy ______________________________________________________

4. Someone was cutting our hair when you called. (have)

We ________________________________________________________

5. Someone checked my eyes last month. (have)

I __________________________________________________________

6. Someone needs to cut the cat’s nails. (have)

The cat _____________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. Margaret will have her computer repaired this week.

2. John got his house cleaned yesterday.

3. Sandy is getting her room painted.

4. We were having our hair cut when you called.

5. I had my eyes checked last month.

6. The cat needs to have its nails cut.




Directions: Rewrite the sentences using Causative with “have” or “get”.

e.g. The school is painting the rooms. (have)

The school is having the rooms painted.

1. Victoria will cut her hair. (get)

Victoria ___________________________________________________

2. The boys are making the cake. (have)

The boys __________________________________________________

3. Susan cleaned her house yesterday. (have)

Susan ____________________________________________________

4. They are fixing the holes. (get)

They _____________________________________________________

5. Monica does her nails every Monday. (get)

Monica ___________________________________________________

6. I think my grandparents will redecorate their house next year. (have)

I think my parents __________________________________________

7. Candice massages her feet every week. (have)

Candice ___________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. will get her hair cut.

2. are having the cake made.

3. had her house cleaned.

4. They are getting the holes fixed.

5. gets her nails done every Monday.

6. will have their house redecorated next year.

7. has het feet massaged every week.




Directions: Complete the sentences using Causative with “have” or “get” and

your own ideas.

1. Maybe I will have _______________________________________________.

2. Last week I got _________________________________________________.

3. Right now I am having ___________________________________________.

4. Every week I get ________________________________________________.

5. I think in the future people will have ________________________________.

6. Last year I had __________________________________________________.




ANSWER KEY:

These are some suggestions. If you have any doubts, talk to the GC teacher

or take notes and talk to your class teacher.

1. my room redecorated.

2. my car repaired.

3. my house cleaned.

4. my meals cooked my a chef.

5. all their meals delivered.

6. my house painted.



Unit 7 – VERB WITH GERUND/INFINITIVE

Directions: Underline the right form of the verbs.

1. They want traveling / to travel next week.

2. Don’t expect her calling / to call you.

3. If you don’t get it right the first time, you should keep trying / to try.

4. We have recently decided moving / to move to the countryside.

5. My friends really enjoy playing / to play video games.

6. Jeremy hasn’t planned retiring / to retire soon.

7. Why don’t you consider studying / to study more?

8. I have to finish writing / to write this report by 8pm.

9. We need calling / to call Fernanda because today it’s her birthday.

10. Christina misses going / to go to the movies with her friends.




ANSWER KEY:

1. They want traveling / to travel next week.

2. Don’t expect her calling / to call you.

3. If you don’t get it right the first time, you should keep trying / to try.

4. We have recently decided moving / to move to the countryside.

5. My friends really enjoy playing / to play video games.

6. Jeremy hasn’t planned retiring / to retire soon.

7. Why don’t you consider studying / to study more?

8. I have to finish writing / to write this report by 8pm.

9. We need calling / to call Fernanda because today it’s her birthday.

10. Christina misses going / to go to the movies with her friends.




Directions: Complete using the gerund or infinitive form of the verbs in

parenthesis.

1. I have just decided _________________ (take up) yoga.

2. Melanie really enjoys _________________ (travel) on the weekends.

3. Have you considered _________________ (save) money every month?

4. Bob told me he misses _________________ (hang) out with his best friends.

5. We have planned _________________ (go) to the beach, but it rains we won’t

go.

6. I have to finish _________________ (read) this book by Monday.

7. I know you expect me _________________ (visit) you on Sunday, but I have

another appointment.

8. She needs _________________ (study) more or she will fail the test.

9. Please, keep _________________ (walk) or we will be late!

10. Could you stop by on the way to work? I really want _______________

______(see) you.




ANSWER KEY:

1. to take

2. traveling

3. saving

4. hanging

5. to go

6. reading

7. to visit.

8. to study

9. walking

10. to see



Unit 7 – GERUND AS SUBJECT

Directions: Write sentences using gerund as subjects.

1. read / books / be / as interesting as / watch / movies

_________________________________________________________

2. practice / sports / be /good / for your health

_________________________________________________________

3. drink / lots of water / do / exercises / be / also important

_________________________________________________________

4. not / bring / the umbrella / be / something I regret

_________________________________________________________

5. go / to bed late and / sleep / late / be / my favorite things

_________________________________________________________

6. practice / be / a good way / learn a new language.

_________________________________________________________

7. call / people / be / not / so common anymore

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. Reading books is as interesting as watching movies.

2. Practicing sports is good for your health.

3. Drinking lots of water and doing exercises is also important.

4. Not bringing the umbrella is something I regret.

5. Going to bed late and sleeping late are my favorite things.

6. Practicing is a good way to learn a new language.

7. Calling people is not so common anymore.




Directions: Use the cue words to create sentences.

1. play soccer / be / my favorite hobby

_________________________________________________________

2. dance / and / sing / be / Joe’s favorite free time activities

_________________________________________________________

3. listen / to music and / study / be hard

_________________________________________________________

4. eat / dessert after lunch / be delicious

_________________________________________________________

5. watch / TV / be / relaxing

_________________________________________________________

6. do / the dishes / be / more difficult than / make / the bed

_________________________________________________________

7. drink / too much coffee / be / unhealthy

_________________________________________________________

8. smoke / in public places / should / be / illegal

_________________________________________________________

9. paint / require / a lot of patience

_________________________________________________________

10. ride / a bike in a big city / can / be / as difficult as / drive a car

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. Playing soccer is my favorite hobby.

2. Dancing and singing are Joe’s favorite free time activities.

3. Listening to music and studying is hard.

4. Eating dessert after lunch is delicious.

5. Watching TV is relaxing.

6. Doing the dishes is more difficult than making the bed.

7. Drinking too much coffee is unhealthy.

8. Smoking is public places should be illegal.

9. Painting requires a lot of experience.

10. Riding a bike in a big city can be as difficult as driving a car.



Unit 7 – BY/FOR WITH GERUND

Directions: Match the sentence halves.

1. Shakespeare is famous

2. We usually make the baby sleep

3. Lauren practices for the tests

4. You can send me the list

5. Thank you so much

6. You can turn the microwave on

7. I’ve heard he was arrested

a. by doing many exercises.

b. by e-mail or text message.

c. for coming to the party!

d. by pressing the green button.

e. for shoplifting.

f. for his plays.

g. by singing lullabies.




ANSWER KEY:

1. f

2. g

3. a

4. b

5. c

6. d

7. e




Directions: Write the sentences using passive infinitive, and “by” or “for”.

1. You can turn off the computer _________________ (press) this button.

2. He said we couldn’t blame him _________________ (break) the vase.

3. Gustav made the dessert delicious_________________ (add) some strawberries.

4. This place is known _________________ (attract) many tourists.

5. Maybe we could start _________________ (choose) the best colors.

6. I think it would be a good idea to use social networking sites

_________________ (monitor) our customers’ opinions.

7. We can study more _________________ (do) online exercises.

8. This restaurant is the perfect place _________________ (meet) clients.

9. She is famous _________________ (take) outstanding pictures.

10. Mark convinced them _________________ (explain) the benefits of the deal.

11. My mother usually blames me _________________(break) things, even when

my brother breaks them.

12. You can learn more about this topic _________________ (look) for information

online.

13. You can contact me _________________ (call) me or _____________

________ (send) me an instant message.

14. This restaurant is popular _________________ (offer) several vegetarian

options.




ANSWER KEY:

1. by pressing

2. for breaking

3. by adding

4. for attracting

5. by choosing

6. by monitoring

7. by doing

8. for meeting

9. for taking

10. by explaining

11. for breaking

12. by looking

13. by calling / by sending

14. for offering



Unit 8 – TIME CLAUSES

Directions: Match the sentences halves.

1. Please, call me

2. She was playing video games

3. Maria buys some ice-cream

4. She’s going to stay here

5. I think I’ll watch a movie

6. He will probably be more responsible

a. until she finishes doing her homework.

b. as soon as you hear this.

c. every time she goes to that mall.

d. once she gets a job.

e. while her brother was doing his homework.

f. since I have some free time today.




ANSWER KEY:

1. b

2. e

3. c

4. a

5. f

6.d




Directions: Underline the best options to complete the sentences.

1. Please call me until / as soon as you get home.

2. I have been studying here since / until 2015.

3. Once / When I moved here the city was not as modern as it is today.

4. Please fill the glass with water until / once it’s full.

5. My friends were watching TV every time / while I was studying when you called.

6. We are moving back to San Diego once / since Juliet graduates.




ANSWER KEY:

1. Please call me until / as soon as you get home.

2. I have been studying here since / until 2015.

3. Once / When I moved here the city was not as modern as it is today.

4. Please fill the glass with water until / once it’s full.

5. My friends were watching TV every time / while I was studying when you called.

6. We are moving back to San Diego once / since Juliet graduates.


BASIC TEEN 6 - Card 8_03

Unit 8 – REPORTED SPEECH

Directions: Change the following sentences into Reported Speech.

1. Jane said, “I will help my brother”.

2. John asked, “Do you have a pen I can borrow?”

3. My teacher asked me, “What are you thinking about?”

4. The child said, “I don’t want to go to school.”

5. My mother said, “I have to go to the supermarket.”

6. Jane asked me, “Would you like to come to my party?”

7. The tour guide asked the tourists, “What did you like best about your trip?”

8. Jennifer called and said, “I’m sorry, but I can’t come to the meeting.”

9. My mother asked my father, “Do you know what the children are doing?”

10. My friend asked me, “Have you ever been to Japan?”




ANSWER KEY:

1. Jane said she would help her brother.

2. John asked me if I had a pen he could borrow.

3. My teacher asked me what I was thinking about.

4. The child told his mother that he didn’t want to go to school.

5. My mother said that she had to go to the supermarket.

6. Jane asked me if I would like to come to her party.

7. The tour guide asked the tourists what they had liked best about their trip.

8. Jennifer called and said that she was sorry, but she couldn’t come to the

meeting.

9. My mother asked my father if he knew what the children were doing.

10. My friend asked me if I had ever been to Japan.




Directions: Read the following stories and guess the missing words.

Once when I was a child, I went to a party at a friend’s house. Her mother

collected china plates and right after I arrived there she 1. _________ me that she 2.

____________to show me 3._____________new plate. She 4._______________her

mother 5. ___________just 6.___________ it. It was beautiful. When my friend’s

mother 7._____________the room, I 8.___________ the plate and it slipped from my

hands and smashed on the floor. When she got back, my friend and I 9.____________

that the dog 10._____________ her new plate. She didn’t care and 11.

_______________it was not important. After some years, I 12______________her

that I 13. _____________ the plate and to my surprise she said she 14.

_______________when I was talking to my friend .




ANSWER KEY:

These are some suggestions. If you have doubts talk to your GC teacher or the class

teacher.

1. told

2. wanted

3. her mother’s

4. said

5. had

6. bought

7. left

8. took

9. said

10. had broken

11. said

12. told

13. had broken

14. had heard




Directions: Change the sentences from direct speech to reported speech.

1. “Have you ever been abroad?”

She asked ______________________________.

2. “I am going to give a test tomorrow.”

The teacher said ___________________.

3. “Do you know where Pirapora is?”

I asked James _______________________.

4. “I want to go home.”

She told her husband _____________________________.

5. “Dr. Jenkins is coming to the meeting.”

The secretary said _________________.

6. “Is there a bank near here?”

Jane asked ________________________________.

7. “I did a very nice test.”

The student said ________________________________.

8. “What are you doing here?”

Jake asked ________________________________.

9. “Can you speak Italian?”

Jeff asked ___________________________________.

10. “Where can I buy a bike?”

My brother asked ____________________________.




ANSWER KEY:

1. me if I had ever been abroad.

2. she was going to give a test the following day.

3. if he knew where Pirapora was.

4. she wanted to go home.

5. Dr. Jenkins was coming to the meeting.

6. if there was a bank near there.

7. he had done a very nice test.

8. me what I was doing there.

9. me if I could speak Italian.

10. me where he could buy a bike.



Unit 8 - REPORTED SPEECH

Directions: Tom spent the day at the club yesterday. While he was away, several of

his friends called and left him messages. Look at the messages and report what

Tom’s friends said.

1) Anna: “Call me later.”

2) Lisa: “Don’t forget to bring my book to school.”

3) Max: “Did you talk to your parents about Mary’s party?”

4) Stella: “I’ll pick you up at 8.”

5) Wlliam: “Can you lend me your tennis racket?”

1) Anna_____________________________________________________.

2) Lisa ______________________________________________________.

3) Max _____________________________________________________.

4) Stella _____________________________________________________.

5) William ___________________________________________________.



Unit 8 - REPORTED SPEECH

ANSWER KEY:

1) Anna told him to call her later.

2) Lisa told him not to forget to bring her book to school.

3) Max asked him if he had talked to his parents about Mary’s party.

4) Stella said (that) she would pick him up at 8.

5) William asked Tom if he could lend him his tennis racket.



Unit 8 - INDIRECT QUESTIONS

Directions: What does the police officer want to know?

What’s your name?

The officer wants to know what the man’s name is.

Where do you live?

The officer wants to know where he lives.

1. What’s your name ?

He wants to know what the man’s name is.

2. What do you do?

__________________________

3. Where do you work?

________________________________________________

4. Where do you live?

________________________________________________

5. Where were you yesterday?

________________________________________________

6. Why are you in London?

________________________________________________

7. When did you get here?

________________________________________________

8. How did you get here?

________________________________________________

9. Where’s your ticket?

________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

2. He wants to know what he does.

3. He wants to know where he works.

4. He wants to know where he lives.

5. He wants to know where he was yesterday.

6. He wants to know why he is in London.

7. He wants to know when he got there.

8. He wants to know how he got there.

9. He wants to know where his ticket is.




Directions: Make an embedded question for the answer given.

1. A: I don’t know __________________________________.

B: He is 25.

2. A: Please tell me _________________________________.

B: I used to live at 178 Duane Street.

3. A: I can’t remember ______________________________.

B: It was only US$ 50, tax included.

4. A: Let’s ask him _________________________________.

B: I think they only have navy blue. But I’ll ask the clerk.

5. A: I’m curious to know ___________________________.

B: I’ve been studying languages since I was a child.

6. A: Could you give me an idea of ____________________.

B: She speaks three languages fluently. Besides that, she can

drive.

7. A: I’d like to ask you _____________________________.

B: I went to SUNY, State University of New York.

8. A: Do you know _________________________________.

B: They took a cab.

9. A: Would you mind ______________________________.

B: Because I had to give a ride to a friend.

10. A: Why don’t you tell me ________________________.

B: She has been swimming three times a week for the last

six months.




ANSWER KEY:

1. . . . how old he is.

2. . . . what your address was.

. . . where you used to live.

. . . where you lived.

2. . . . how much (that present) was.

4. . . . what color they have.

5 . . . how long you’ve been studying languages.

6. . . . what she can do?

. . . the abilities she has?

7. . . . where you studied.

. . . where you went to school.

8. . . . how they went home?

9. . . . telling me why you arrived so late?

10. . . how often she has been practicing sports?



Unit 9 – THIRD CONDITIONAL

Directions: Complete the sentences with the correct word to form conditional

sentences.

1) If I ___________ (study), I ______________ (neg. – fail) the exam last week.

2) If she __________ (see) you, she _____________ (say) hello at the party

yesterday.

3) They ___________ (win) last night’s game if they __________ (practice)

more.

4) I ______________ (call) you if I _____________ (have) time, but I was

really busy with a paper for school.

5) If I _____________ (neg. – be) in a hurry on Monday, I _____________

(neg. – lose) my book at the bus.




ANSWER KEY:

1) had studied/ wouldn’t have failed

2) had seen/ would have said

3) would have won/ had practiced

4) would have called/ had had

5) hadn’t been/ wouldn’t have lost




Directions: Read the situations and complete them.

1. She was sent to prison only because she refused to pay the

fine; if she (pay) the fine, she (not/be) sent to prison.

2. He didn’t tell me that he was a vegetarian till halfway through the meal. If he

(tell) me earlier, I (cook)

him something more suitable.

3. The job is much worse than I expected. If I

it was going to be, I (not/accept) it.

(realize) how awful

4. It was the drug, not the disease that killed him. He would still be alive today if he

(not/take) that drug.

5. I’m sorry you didn’t tell me that dogs were allowed in the hotel. If I

(know), I

(enjoy) the walk.

(bring) my dog. He

6. I overslept. That’s why I’m half an hour late, and if my phone

(not/ring) at nine o’clock, I might still be in bed.

7. The burglar made quite a lot of noise getting into the house, but fortunately for him the

family was watching a noisy TV play. If they

certainly (hear) him.

8. You used wet sticks; that’s why the fire took

so long to light. If you

(use) dry sticks, it (light) long

ago.

9. They voted by a show of hands and decided to go on a strike. But it was by a narrow margin and I think that if they (hold) a secret election, there

(not be) a strike.

(play) cards, they

Grammar Clinic Cards Online



ANSWER KEY:

1. had paid, wouldn’t have been

2. had told, would have cooked

3. had realized, wouldn’t have accepted

4. hadn’t taken

5. had known, would have brought, would have enjoyed

6. hadn’t rung

7. had been playing, would certainly have heard

8. had used, would have lit

9. had held, wouldn’t have been




Situation: Your cousin Tom has just come over for lunch. He’s telling

you some bad news.

Directions: Combine these pairs of sentences into one sentence using the past

unreal conditional.

Eg.: I got up late. Therefore, I missed the bus.

If I hadn’t gotten up late, I wouldn’t have missed the bus.

1. I missed the bus. Therefore, I was late for work.

________________________________________________________

2. I was late for work. My boss got angry.

________________________________________________________

3. My boss got angry. That’s why he shouted at me.

________________________________________________________

4. He shouted at me. Then I shouted back at him.

________________________________________________________

5. I shouted back at him. Consequently, I lost my job.

________________________________________________________

6. I lost my job. Then I didn’t have any money.

________________________________________________________

7. I didn’t have any money. So I didn’t pay the rent.

________________________________________________________

8. I got into a lot of trouble. Consequently, I came to see you.

________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. If I hadn’t missed the bus, I wouldn’t have been late for work.

2. If I hadn’t been late for work, my boss wouldn’t have got/gotten angry.

3. If my boss hadn’t got/gotten angry, he wouldn’t have shouted at me.

4. If he hadn’t shouted at me, I wouldn’t have shouted back at him.

5. If I hadn’t shouted back at him, I wouldn’t have lost my job.

6. If I hadn’t lost my job, I would have had some money.

7. If I had had some money, I would have paid the rent.

8. If I hadn’t got/gotten into a lot of trouble, I wouldn’t have come to see you.




Directions: For each situation write a past unreal conditional sentence.

Note: Some sentences are in the passive voice. You also may have to change

pronouns.

1. I couldn't buy the car because I didn't have any money.

________________________________________________________

2. Jane didn't lock her car and it was stolen.

________________________________________________________

3. John went to a party last night and didn't come to work today.

________________________________________________________

4. It was very cold, so we didn't go to the movies.

________________________________________________________

5. I forgot my wallet; consequently, we missed the concert.

________________________________________________________

6. Jack couldn't play football because he was sick.

________________________________________________________

7. I noticed her errors when I examined the text.

________________________________________________________

8. Wendy had cut her hair, so I didn't know it was her.

________________________________________________________

9. No one fed the fish, so they died.

________________________________________________________

10. The picture wasn't valuable; therefore, we couldn't sell it.

________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

(POSSIBLE ANSWERS)

1. If I had had the money, I could have bought the car.

2. If Jane had locked her car, it wouldn't have been stolen.

3. If John hadn't gone to a party last night, he would have come to work

today.

4. If it hadn't been cold, we would have gone to the movies.

5. If I hadn't forgotten my wallet, we wouldn't have missed the concert.

6. If Jack hadn't been sick, he could have played football.

7. If I hadn't examined the text, I wouldn't have discovered the errors.

8. If Wendy hadn't cut her hair, I would have known it was her.

9. If someone had fed the fish, they wouldn't have died.

10. If the picture had been valuable, we could have sold it.




Directions: Rewrite the sentences using the past unreal conditional. Follow

the example.

Eg: Yesterday, I got caught in traffic and I couldn’t watch my favorite soap

opera.

If I hadn’t gotten caught in traffic, I could have watched my favorite soap

opera.

1. Bob was feeling sick today so he didn’t go to work.

________________________________________________________

2. Sarah didn’t sleep well last night and she woke up in a bad mood.

________________________________________________________

3. My sister didn’t take the umbrella and she got completely wet.

________________________________________________________

4. Sheila got lost when she was going to her friend’s house

because she didn’t pay attention to the directions.

________________________________________________________

5. Jason couldn’t buy a car because he spent all his money on the trip he

made to Boston.

________________________________________________________

6. Ann arrived late for her History class because her alarm clock

didn’t ring at the right time.

________________________________________________________


7. Josh didn’t have time to finish his homework because his friends dropped

by his house.

________________________________________________________

8. Alan didn’t go to the gym because he sprained his ankle.

________________________________________________________

9. Amanda fell off the bike because she was riding too fast.

________________________________________________________

10. The teacher gave us too much homework so we couldn’t travel on the

weekend.

________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. If Bob hadn’t been feeling sick, he would have gone to work.

2. If Sarah had slept well last night, she wouldn’t have woken up in a bad

mood.

3. If my sister had taken the umbrella, she wouldn’t have gotten completely

wet.

4. Sheila wouldn’t have gotten lost if she had paid attention to the

directions.

5. Jason could have bought a new car if he hadn’t spent all his money

on the trip he made to Boston.

6. Ann wouldn’t have arrived late for her History class if her

alarm clock had rung at the right time.

7. Josh would have finished his homework if his friend hadn’t

dropped by his house.

8. Alan would have gone to the gym if he hadn’t sprained his ankle.

9. Amanda wouldn’t have fallen off the bike if she hadn’t been riding too

fast.

10. If the teacher hadn’t given us too much homework, we could have

traveled on the weekend.




Directions: Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses using the

past unreal conditionals.

1. If Kate (arrive) earlier, she

(not miss) the first part of the presentation.

2. My father (buy) me a car if I (pass)

on the final exams.

3. Carlos (cry) if he (see) this film.

4. If the teacher (catch) Tom and Sam cheating on the test,

he (fail) them.

5. If I (travel) to Rio yesterday, I

(meet) some friends of mine.

6. Laura (go) to school today if she (not be)

sick.

7. If the director of the company (cancel) the meeting with the Japanese

managers, he (miss) the greatest opportunity of his life.

8. John (win) if he (bet) on the black

horse.

9. Cindy (finish) her work earlier if the telephone

(stop) ringing the whole day.

10. I (play) soccer with my friends yesterday if I

___________________(not be) so busy taking care of my kids.




ANSWER KEY:

1. had arrived / wouldn’t have missed

2. would have bought / had passed

3. would have cried / had seen

4. had caught / would have failed

5. had traveled / would have met

6. would have gone / hadn’t been

7. had canceled / would have missed

8. would have won / had bet

9. would have finished / had stopped

10. would have played / hadn’t been



Unit 9 – WISH WITH PAST PERFECT

Directions: Correct the mistakes.

1. She wish she had arrived earlier.

__________________________________________________________

2. I wish I haven’t answered my cell phone yesterday.

__________________________________________________________

3. They wish they had wrote the reports before she arrived.

__________________________________________________________

4. Jeremy really wish he had studied more.

__________________________________________________________

5. We wish our day yesterday hadn’t be so boring.

__________________________________________________________

6. John and Mary wishes they hadn’t spent so much last month.

__________________________________________________________

7. I wish I didn’t had said those terrible things.

__________________________________________________________

8. He wishes he hadn’t drank so much water before he went to bed.

__________________________________________________________

9. The students wish they had did their homework.

__________________________________________________________

10. My best friend wish she had been to Miami.

__________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. She wishes she had arrived earlier.

2. I wish I hadn’t answered my cell phone yesterday.

3. They wish they had written the reports before she arrived.

4. Jeremy really wishes he had studied more.

5. We wish our day yesterday hadn’t been so boring.

6. John and Mary wish they hadn’t spent so much last month.

7. I wish I hadn’t said those terrible things.

8. He wishes he hadn’t drunk so much water before he went to bed.

9. The students wish they had done their homework.

10. My best friend wishes she had been to Miami.




Directions: Use the regrets to create sentences using “wish”.

1. I didn’t send her the reports yesterday.

I wish ________________________________________________.

2. Molly cheated on the final exam.

She wishes ____________________________________________.

3. We didn’t go to their concert.

We wish ______________________________________________.

4. I stayed up late yesterday.

I ____________________________________________________.

5. Peter posted his video last week.

He __________________________________________________.

6. Kelly and I were late for the party.

They __________________________________________________.

7. He forgot to call his mother on Monday.

He __________________________________________________.

8. I wasn’t ready to take the test on Tuesday.

I ____________________________________________________.


9. Martin bought too many things on Black Friday.

He __________________________________________________.

10. Catherine wasn’t patient.

She _________________________________________________.




ANSWER KEY:

1. I wish I had sent her the reports yesterday.

2. She wishes she hadn’t cheated on the final exam.

3. We wish we had gone to their concert.

4. I wish I hadn’t stayed up late yesterday.

5. He wishes he hadn’t posted his video last week.

6. They wish they hadn’t been late for the party.

7. He wishes he hadn’t forgotten to call his mother on Monday.

8. I wish I had been ready to take the test on Tuesday.

9. He wishes he hadn’t bought too many things on Black Friday.

10. She wishes she had been patient.




Directions: Write about you using complete sentences with “wish”.

1. Something you wish you had done last weekend.

_________________________________________________________

2. A place you wish you had been to on your last vacation.

_________________________________________________________

3. A person you wish you had met yesterday.

_________________________________________________________

4. Something you wish you hadn’t done last week.

_________________________________________________________

5. A book you wish you had read.

_________________________________________________________

6. A movie you wish you had seen.

_________________________________________________________

7. Another language you wish you had learned how to speak.

_________________________________________________________

8. Something you wish you hadn’t forgotten.

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

These are some suggestions. If you have any doubts, talk to the GC

teacher or take notes and talk to your class teacher.

1. I wish I had gone jogging last week.

2. I wish I had been to Egypt on my last vacation.

3. I wish I had met my best friend yesterday.

4. I wish I hadn’t been late for work last week.

5. I wish I had read Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.

6. I wish I had seen White Chicks.

7. I wish I had learned how to speak French.

8. I wish I hadn’t forgotten to do my homework.



Unit 9 – PAST MODALS OF SPECULATION

Directions: Complete the sentences using the verbs in parenthesis and a past

modal.

1. Raymond _________________ (be) late for class. When I arrived he was

already there.

2. It _________________ (not – be) the first time she was playing the piano.

3. He _________________ (be) scared of dogs. It’s possible.

4. They _________________ (write) a great essay because they got a good

grade.

5. My sister _________________ (not - use) the computer. It was not working.

6. I can’t find my wallet. I _________________ (forget) it at the supermarket or

at the mall. I’m not sure.

7. I think my mother _________________ (not - like) my new friends. Maybe

that’s why she didn’t let me go out with them.

8. These shapes _________________ (form) by the rain and wind. It’s possible.

9. Gary _________________ (not – enjoy) the movie. Maybe that’s why he was

so angry later.




ANSWER KEY:

1. couldn’t have been

2. couldn’t have been

3. could / might have been

4. must have written

5. couldn’t have used

6. could / might have forgotten

7. might not have liked

8. could / might have been

9. might not have enjoyed




Directions: Rewrite the sentences using the modals in parentheses.

1. A dog destroyed the plastic bag. (might)

_________________________________________________________

2. Juliet broke the vase when she was dancing. (must)

_________________________________________________________

3. The park was closed because of the rain. (must)

_________________________________________________________

4. Somebody took your water bottle and threw it away. (could)

_________________________________________________________

5. Pollution caused most breathing problems. (could)

_________________________________________________________

6. Carter and Billy traveled again. (might)

_________________________________________________________

7. He left you a note before he left. (could)

_________________________________________________________

8. They fixed the leak. (must)

_________________________________________________________

9. She forgot to lock the door. (might)

_________________________________________________________

10. The cat ate all the flowers. (could)

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. A dog might have destroyed the plastic bag.

2. Juliet must have broken the vase when she was dancing.

3. The park must have been closed because of the rain.

4. Somebody could have taken your water bottle and thrown it away.

5. Pollution could have caused most breathing problems.

6. Carter and Billy might have traveled again.

7. He could have left you a note before he left.

8. They must have fixed the leak.

9. She might have forgotten to lock the door.

10. The cat could have eaten all the flowers.



Unit 10 – PAST ABILITY

Directions: Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. Liza could to repair the car quickly.

_________________________________________________________

2. We didn’t managed to dust all the shelves before she arrived.

_________________________________________________________

3. They were able to finished writing all the essays before the teacher expected.

_________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

4. My best friend was able to swims better than me.

_________________________________________________________

5. Did you could bring everything I asked for?

_________________________________________________________

6. Joseph wasn’t managed to save money to travel.

_________________________________________________________

7. All my friends able to read the book in one week.

_________________________________________________________

8. I think they didn’t manage fix the computer yesterday.

_________________________________________________________




ANSWER KEY:

1. Liza could repair the car quickly.

2. We didn’t manage to dust all the shelves before she arrived.

3. They were able to finish writing all the essays before the

teacher expected.

4. My best friend was able to swim better than me.

5. Could you bring everything I asked for?

6. Joseph didn’t manage to save money to travel.

7. All my friends were able to read the book in one week.

8. I think they didn’t manage to fix the computer yesterday.




Directions: Complete the sentences with your ideas.

1. Last year I managed

____________________________________________________.

2. Unfortunately, I wasn’t able

____________________________________________________.

3. Yesterday I could

____________________________________________________.

4. My friends weren`t able

____________________________________________________.

5. This morning I couldn’t

____________________________________________________.

6. Last week my friend and I didn’t manage

____________________________________________________.




ANSWER KEY:



1. Last year I managed to finish all my projects

2. Unfortunately, I wasn’t able to organize my room before she

arrived.

3. Yesterday I could write ten pages.

4. My friends weren`t able to pass all exams.

5. This morning I couldn’t have breakfast because I was late.

6. Last week my friend and I didn’t manage to finish that paper.



Unit 10 – MODALS EXPRESSIONS FOR PAST AND FUTURE

Directions: Use the cues to create sentences.

1. The cities / need / more trees / in the next years.

_________________________________________________________

2. you / have to / study / yesterday?

_________________________________________________________

3. Her friends / have to / ask for a ride / after the party last Friday.

_________________________________________________________

4 Martin / not / need to / call us tomorrow.

_________________________________________________________

5. Our houses / have to / be cleaned / last week.

_________________________________________________________

6. he / need to / wait for you tonight?

_________________________________________________________

7. Jenifer’s car / need to / be fixed last month.

_________________________________________________________

8. Bruce and Molly / not / have to / buy me a gift.

_________________________________________________________

9. I / have to / send / her another e-mail if this one bounces.

_________________________________________________________

10. my sister / need to / bring her ID too?

_________________________________________________________

11. They said / they / not / have to / wear uniforms when they were at school.

_________________________________________________________

12. She / not / need to / bring / her umbrella tomorrow.

_________________________________________________________



Unit 10 – MODALS EXPRESSIONS FOR PAST AND FUTURE

ANSWER KEY:

1. The cities will need more trees in the next years.

2. Did you have to study yesterday?

3. Her friends had to ask for a ride after the party last Friday.

4 Martin will not need to call us tomorrow.

5. Our houses had to be cleaned last week.

6. Will he need to wait for you tonight?

7. Jenifer’s car needed to be fixed last month.

8. Bruce and Molly will not have to buy me a gift.

9. I will have to send her another e-mail if this one bounces.

10. Will my sister need to bring her ID too?

11. They said they did not have to wear uniforms when they were at

school.

12. She will not need to bring her umbrella tomorrow.



Unit 10 – MAKE AND LET

Directions: Circle the right word to complete the sentences.

1. My parents make / let me go to nice parties with my friends.

2. Maria makes / lets skateboarding seem easy. She skateboards really well.

3. Please, make / let us stay for another hour.

4. Do you think the teacher will make / let me leave the room again?

5. My father made / let me clean my room yesterday. I hated it!

6. My performance on the tests make / let me realize I need to study more.

7. My mother made / let me go to the movies with my friends last weekend.

8. She always makes / lets us go to family reunions, but we think they are

boring.




ANSWER KEY:

1. let

2. makes

3. let

4. let

5. made

6. make

7. let

8. makes




Directions: Complete the sentences using your own ideas.

1. My parents never let me ___________________________________

_________________________________________________________.

2. My friends usually let me __________________________________

_________________________________________________________.

3. We love it when the teacher lets us ___________________________

_________________________________________________________.

4. My father always makes me ________________________________

_________________________________________________________.

5. The teachers always make us _______________________________

_________________________________________________________.

6. If you talk to my parents, do you think they will let me __________

________________________________________________________?

7. I always let my friends ____________________________________.




ANSWER KEY:



1. My parents never let me go out with my friends on week days.

2. My friends usually let me borrow their school material.

3. We love it when the teacher lets us play games in class.

4. My father always makes me clean my room.

5. The teachers always make us tidy up before we leave.

6. If you talk to my parents, do you think they will let me go to your party on

Saturday?

7. I always let my friends borrow my board games.