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Agenda
I. Introduction: What is WiMAX?
II. Functionality, Security & Implementation
III. Comparison: WiMAX vs 802.11 Wi-FiIV. Convergence: HIPERMAN & WiBro
V. Competing Technologies: EVDO, HSDPA
VI. Future: WiMAX predictions, implicationsVII. Conclusion: Summary and Questions
VIII. Referenceshttp://www.ericgoldman.name
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Introduction: What is WiMAX?
WiMAX is the street term for IEEE 802.16
Developed for Wireless MANs
Higher Speed wireless links Allows nodes to have a wide range of mobility
Designed for deployment by ISPs and
corporations, not home users* Similar in concept to cellular networks, but for
more generic forms of data
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How does WiMAX work?
WiMAX system typically consists of:
WiMAX Tower: High powered base station, with
large range and connection to Internet (ISP)
WiMAX Receiver: One or more end-user roaming
nodes or another WiMAX tower
Two Modes of Communication:
NLOS: Similar to Wi-Fi, built in or external radiodevice which connects a host to WiMAX Tower
LOS: Higher speed backhaul connection used
between WiMAX towers to extend networkhttp://www.ericgoldman.name
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Example: WiMAX Network
image from: http://computer.howstuffworks.com/wimax1.htm
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Security:
Advantages & Concerns
X.509 certificate for customer Authentication
Currently OptionalSecurity: AES Cipher &Extensible Authentication Protocol
Susceptible to same reliability issues as allwireless networks: jamming, physical take-down, promiscuous capture
Unencrypted management data networkmapping and man-in-the-middle attacks
Old management frames DoS replay attack
Implemented by ISP proprietary additionshttp://www.ericgoldman.name
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Implementation:
Capacity & Performance
4-6 Mile Coverage Radius for NLOS
30 Mile connection for LOS links
70 Megabit data rate; comparable to cableand DSL when divided among 100+ homes
Hypothetically as reliable as cell networks
Redundant backhaul links provide stability LOS links operate in unlicensed spectrum:
interference from other technologies
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Implementation:
Industry Support
Sprint: Testing WiMAX as the new, 4G
replacement for current cellular networks
Intel: Add WiMAX to architecturedevelopment, internal laptop development
Motorola & Nokia: 3G/WiMAX compatible cell
phone development, other devices
Industry is cautious, yet supportive
* Government also has a stake: High speed,attack-tolerant networking
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Comparison:
WiMAX and Wi-Fi
WiMAX (802.16) Wi-Fi (802.11g)
Range 4-5 Miles (30 Miles) 100 Feet
Speed 70 Mbps 54/108 Mbps
Frequency 2-11 GHz (10-66 Ghz) 2-11 Ghz
Wiring Tower to Tower Required at Base
To the end user, similar experience as Wi-Fi, butwith much greater mobility and expectation of
connectivity throughout a given area.
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Convergence:
HIPERMAN & WiBro
HIPERMAN: European Standard
Envisioned for end user deployment
No higher spectrum component WiBro: Korean Standard
Strong QoS emphasis
More strict requirements
All of these technologies are being converged
for planned interoperability
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Competing Technologies:
EVDO & HSDPA
EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized
Offered by Sprint & Verizon (CDMA)
Already supported, lower implementation costs HSDPA: High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
Offered by AT&T (GSM)
Increasing data-rate, already surpassing WiMAX
Current 3G Cellular network technologies offer
high-speed data transfer over current
infrastructure, increasing customer basehttp://www.ericgoldman.name
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Future:
Predictions
WiMAX implementation may be too late;
other technologies exist, and may be
outdated when widely available Data over Cellular networks
More Comprehensive technologies; 802.20
Consumers seem anxious for technology
Residential customers would prefer it over or in
combination with Cable or DSL
Strong industry support from multiple partners
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Future:
Implications
Reduce TCO
Simpler deployment and management
No wiring costs, can reach remote or rural areas
24/7 Connectivity: With a laptop and WiMAX
connection, user can have great mobility and
access to data
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Conclusion:
Summary
WiMAX offers higher speeds, greater
mobility, and large coverage area
Replace or supplement cellular networks Open standard, many industry partners
Converging Standards globally
Competing technologies already deployed Potential to be truly disruptive technology
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Conclusion:
Questions
The floor is now opened to questions
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References
Airvana. WiMAX to CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Comparison. 2005. Airvana. 27 Apr. 2007.
Ekuland, Carl, et al. IEEE Standard 802.16: A Technical Overview of the WirelessMAN Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access. IEEECommunications Magazine June 2002: 98-107. Rpt. in IEEE Communications Society Archives. IEEE Communication Society. 4 June2002. IEEE. 27 Apr. 2007 .
Grabianowski, Edward, and Marshall Brian. How WiMAX Works. HowStuffWorks 2 Dec. 2004. 27 Apr. 2007.
High-Speed Downlink Packet Access. Wikipedia. 27 Apr. 2007. W ikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27 Apr. 2007.
Hoymann, Christian, Markus Puttner, and Ingo Forkel. The HIPERMAN Standard a Performance Analysis. 27 Apr. 2007 .
Sprint Nextel Announces 4G Wireless Broadband Initiative with Intel, Motorola and Samsung. 8 Aug. 2006. 27 Apr. 2007.
Viscusi, Stefania. Study Finds End-Users Prefer WiMAX. TMCnet 16 Apr. 2007. 27 Apr. 2007.
WiMAX. Wikipedia. 26 Apr. 2007. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27 Apr. 2007 .
Wright, Oshua. WiMAX security issues. Network World 11 Dec. 2006. 27 Apr. 2007 .
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