Galaxy
“Thoughts are like burning stars, and ideas, they flood, they stretch the universe.”
― Criss Jami
By: Gurneet Gill and Charndeep Chattu
By the end of 10.2• You will learn….
• The 3 types of Galaxies
• The 2 types of Clusters
• The differences in Galaxies
• About Edwin Hubble/ Hubble Space Telescope
What’s a Galaxy?• A Galaxy contains gases, dust, and billions of
stars that are held together by a gravitation attraction.
• Earth is in the Milky Way which is a galaxy.
Differences in Galaxies • Have different sizes, masses, colours, brightness,
and speed of spin. • Number of stars, type of stars, and amount/type of
gas and dust make up a galaxy. • Some grow larger while others stay small.• More a galaxy spins the flatter it will be.
Types of Galaxies (cont.)
• There are 3 common types of Galaxies: Spiral Galaxy• Has many long ‘arms’ spiraling out of a center core.• Center core is made of old stars. • From a side view spiral galaxies look flat and long.
Spiral Galaxy Side View of Spiral Galaxy
Types of Galaxies (cont.)
Elliptical Galaxy• Range in shape from a perfect sphere to a
stretched out sphere • Contain some of the oldest stars in the universe.
Types of Galaxies Irregular Galaxy• Looks like a bunch of random stars close by. • Composed of new stars and adult stars.
Clusters (cont.) • Many galaxies contain 2 types of distinct
formations of stars: • Globular Cluster • made of about 1 million stars held together by
gravity in a spherical shape.
Clusters• Open Cluster: • Made of a few hundred-few tens of thousand of
stars.
Edwin Hubble • He was an astronomer.• In 1925 he thought he was looking at a bright
nebula but he was actually looking at another galaxy.
• Astronomers estimate there is about 125 billion. galaxies.
Above is a nebula (made of dust and gas). Some nebulae is where stars are born.
Hubble Space Telescope
• Transmits images of galaxies to earth.
Above is a picture taken by a Hubble telescope.
Where are we in the Milky way?
• We’re in the outer arms of a spiral galaxy. • Our solar system is approximately 28,000 light
years away from the center.• A light year is the distance that light can travel in 1 year.
5 QUESTIONS (cont.)• 1.
Is the picture above a ….
Elliptical GalaxyIrregular GalaxySpiral Galaxy
5 QUESTIONS (cont.)• 2.
Name the above picture ..
a) Globular clusterb) Open clusterc) Irregular galaxy
5 Questions • 3. Who is Edwin Hubble?
• 4. Where is our Solar System located in the Milky Way?
• 5. What is a light year? Define and give an example.
Answers • 1. a. Elliptical galaxy • 2. b. Open Cluster • 3. Answers may vary. Edwin Hubble was an
Astronomer who discovered there’s more than one galaxy.
• 4. The solar system is located in the outer arms of a spiral galaxy.
• 5. A light year is the distance light travels in one year. Ex: 28,000 light years.
Bibliography• http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/
question19.html• http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic0602/• http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/galaxy• http://learnaboutastronomy.weebly.com/different-types-
of-galaxies.html• http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso9845d/• http://photo.net/photodb/photo?photo_id=5730534• http://www.brighthub.com/science/space/articles/64966
.aspx• http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap971114.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globular_cluster• http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap000112.html
Bibliography (cont.)• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crab_Nebula.jpg• http://
scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Hubble.html• http://
novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/Sputnik57/chronology.html
• http://www.universetoday.com/18256/where-is-the-sun/
• http://www.edwinhubble.com/• BC Science 9 textbook and Workbook • THANK YOU!
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