Fry p 135
Remind yourself of the fortis-lenis distinction in the slide for week 6 – as far as English is concerned, keep particularly in mind the eight fortis-lenis pairs (Fry says nine, which puzzles me...-- see next slide→
Fry: acoustic cues for consonants
release
pin penni
binspin spenna, benni
labour, grabberábót, labba
rabb, roprub
toptopp
super, supper
lipclosure
VOT no voicingvoicing
Fry: acoustic cues for consonants
• Medially, English lenis plosives are fully voiced.
• Initially or finally, they may be only partially voiced (plosives may be fully or almost fully unvoiced). In these cases other cues help identity:
Fry: acoustic cues for consonantsp 137
• plosives:
• fricatives:The cue for fricatives
• nasals: • laterals and semi-vowels:
• Reverse for final consonants• Rising and falling / minus and plus
• minus: bilabial• zero: alveolar• plus: velar
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