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Page 1: French revolution

French Revolution

Julia García Mosquera

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ReasonsIn the 1700s, France was the

cultural capital of Europe.King Louis XIV was the most

powerful king in Europe; After his death in 1715, Louis XV and Louis XVI continued to rule France as absolute monarchs.

Political and economic problems led to the French Revolution in 1789.

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King Louis XVILouis XVI became the heir to the throne

and the last Bourbon king of France upon his father’s death in 1765. In 1770, he married Austrian archduchess Marie Antoinette. After a slew of governing missteps, Louis brought the French Revolution crashing down upong himself.

In 1793 he was executed. He was introverted, shy and indecisive,

a lover of solitary pleasures such as reading and metalwork.

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Marie AntonietteIn 1768, Louis XV dispatched a tutor to Austria

to instruct his grandson's future wife. The tutor found Marie Antoinette "more intelligent than has been generally supposed," but added "she is rather lazy and extremely frivolous." Marie Antoinette was a child of only 14 years. In May 1770, she set out for France to be married.

Louis XV died in 1774, and Louis-Auguste succeeded him to the French throne as Louis XVI, making Marie Antoinette, at 19 years old, queen of France.

She was vivacious, outgoing and bold, a social girl who loved gambling, partying and extravagant fashions.

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France’s unequal social hierarchyThe clergy of the Roman Catholic

Church made up the FIRST ESTATE.

Rich nobles made up the SECOND ESTATE.

97% of the population and included poor peasants but also the well-educated middle class made up the THIRD ESTATE.

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First EstateThe first estate was made of less

than 1% of the population in France.

In The Income of Paid in Taxes they had to pay 2%.

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Second EstateThe Second Estate was made of

2% of the population in France.In the Income of Paid in Taxes

they didn’t have to pay nothing (0%).

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Third EstateThe Third estate was made of

97% of the population in France.In the Income of Paid in Taxes

they had to pay 50%.

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Crisis By 1789, France was out of money and faced

a serious financial crisis. Louis XVI called an emergency meeting of the Estates-General

where members from all 3 classes could advise the king. During the Estates, the First and Second Estates voted to increase taxes

on the Third Estate. The First and Second Estates decided to vote by order, 1 vote per estate, rather than by

person.These decisions angered the members of the Third Estate who believed their rights were

being violated.

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National AssemblyThe Third Estate formed a new

National Assembly to make laws for the French people.

In 1789, the National Assembly swore to a Tennis Court Oath promising a new constitution and limitations on the king’s power.

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National AssemblyThe National Assembly wrote

their revolutionary ideals in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen which said that men are born free and equal in rights.

Rights include; liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression.

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National Assembly